scholarly journals PRE-OPERATIVE SURGICAL PATIENTS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1120-1125
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umer ◽  
Ferhat Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Shafee ◽  
Abdul Rauf ◽  
Najeebullah - ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Hbs Ag ◽  
Demographical Data ◽  
Device Test

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate sero-prevalence of HBs Ag(Hepatitis-B surface antigen), its knowledge and attitudes in preoperative general surgerypatients in Quetta, Pakistan. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration ofStudy: This study was carried out (April - September, 2016) and was screened in BalochistanLab Brewery Road, Quetta. Methodology: 1000 preoperative patients from four ethnic groupspredominantly present in surgical department of multiple hospitals of Quetta. Serum wassubjected to chromatography immunoassay (ICT) and samples were reconfirmed throughEnzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Demographical data, knowledge and attitudes werealso collected using valid predesigned questionnaire. Results : Overall, prevalence 7.0% wereobserved with highest in Baloch population, 10.3 %, followed by Hazara community, 8.0 %,While Pashtoon were with 5.7 % and Panjabi population with 2.3 %. Statistically non-significantdifference was observed in males and female population (P < 0.05). 03 of the patients werefalse negative with ICT when reconfirmed by ELISA. Overall, population show poor knowledgeand attitudes in preoperative surgery patients toward Hepatitis B infection. Conclusion: TheHBs Ag determination using rapid Immunochromatography device test should only be used formass scale screening and results may be verified with ELISA to eliminate the chances of falsenegative cases.

Is hepatitis B surface antigen (HB s Ag) enough alone as a screening test for HBV infection in rheumatic disease patients before starting immunosuppressive therapies? A cross sectional study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Abdel-Noor ◽  
Mona Watany ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
Walaa ElKhalawany ◽  
Shaimaa Soliman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbs Ag ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Background & objectives: Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in patients with rheumatic diseases has been reported differently among studies. The loss of immune control in these patients may result in the reactivation of HBV replication within hepatocytes. Considering the lifelong use of multiple anti-rheumatic drugs, screening for HBV is recommended before starting immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy. The aim of this study was to select the best and simplest test for screening of HBV in rheumatic patients. Methods: This study was carried out on 102 patients with different rheumatic diseases. Screening to all patients by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and human immune deficiency virus antibodies (HIV) were done. HBV core antibodies and real time PCR to detect HBV DNA were done. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.18 ± 12.37 years, 3.9% of them were males and 96.1% were females. HBsAg had 100% Sensitivity, 100% Specificity, 100% PPV, 100% NPV and 99.0% accuracy. While, anti-HBc had 100% Sensitivity, 78% Specificity, 8% PPV, 100% NPV and 78% accuracy in screening of HBV. Conclusions: HBs Ag was found to be superior to antiHBc for screening for HBV infection in rheumatic patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus transmission among children in Enugu, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
ND Uleanya ◽  
EO Obidike
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
B Virus

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection has reached pandemic proportions all over the world with areas of highest prevalence being the sub- Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. Most deaths related to HBV are due to complications from chronic infection. Acquisition of infection at a younger age is the most important predictor of chronicity. Eradication of HBV is an important but difficult tasks facing public health. HB immunization is the single most important factor in hepatitis B control and was commenced in 2004 in Nigeria.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among children in the era of HB immunization, the risk factors of transmission and knowledge of mothers about their HB status.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out on one hundred and forty children aged 18 months to 15 years at the children outpatient clinic (CHOP) of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was determined using Determine Test Kits and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire administered.Results: Six were positive for HBsAg, giving a prevalence rate of 4.3%. HBsAg was least prevalent among children 1-5 years (2%). None of the children ≤ 5 years who received HB vaccination was positive for HBsAg though one child > 5 years who received the vaccine was positive. Sharing of toothbrushes among siblings was found to be a significantly associated risk factor. Only 6.4% of mothers knew their hepatitis B status.Conclusion: There is a gradual fall in the prevalence of HBsAg in our environment due to HB immunization. Sharing of toothbrushes may be a potent means of transmission of HBV infection.Keywords: HBV, Prevalence, Children, Transmission, HB immunization

scholarly journals Prevalence of hepatitis B infection markers in Lebanese children: the need for an expanded programme on immunization

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. NABULSI ◽  
G. F. ARAJ ◽  
I. NUWAYHID ◽  
M. RAMADAN ◽  
M. ARISS
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Childhood Immunization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Lebanon ◽  
Infection Markers

This multi-centre, cross-sectional study was designed to reveal the present status of hepatitis B infection markers among Lebanese children, and provide recommendations regarding childhood immunization policies. A total of 841 children, aged between 6 months and 6·5 years, were enrolled from Lebanon's five districts. Their sera were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core IgG. The overall prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection markers was 0·8 % with increasing age-specific rates from 0 % at 6 months to 1·3 % at > 5 years. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of hepatitis B markers and family characteristics or risk factors for infection. The highest prevalence rates were among children from Beirut suburbs (2·9 %) and South Lebanon (1·6 %). The risk of horizontal transmission of hepatitis B to uninfected children increased substantially after the age of 2 years. An expanded programme on immunization that integrates hepatitis B vaccine during the first year of life is needed.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B co-infection in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at the TC Newman Anti Retroviral Treatment Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanmari King ◽  
Dirk T. Hagemeister
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Clinic

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection in South Africa is estimated to be between 5% and 23%; however, only limited evidence is available. Co-infection increases the risk of chronification of HBV, liver cirrhosis and death.Objective: To assess the HBV and/or HIV co-infection rate amongst the adult antiretroviral treatment cohort at the TC Newman ART Clinic in Paarl, Western Cape.Methods: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, the routine hepatitis B surface antigen screening results for all adult HIV patients who were started on antiretroviral treatment over a period of 19 months were collected and analysed for gender, CD4 count and age.Results: Amongst the 498 participants (60% female participants), the Hepatitis B surface Antigen positivity rate was 7.6%. Male gender, age between 50 and 59 years and a low CD4 count were correlated with higher rates.Conclusion: Useful insight could be obtained by analysing routine data. The prevalence of almost 8% confirms the need for testing of HIV-positive patients for hepatitis B.Keywords: hepatitis B; prevalence; HIV-infected; adults; co-infection

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitudes of Students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University Towards Hepatitis B Vaccine from the Medical Perspective and Islamic Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Zainuddin Sahir ◽  
Ferryal Basbeth
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
The Government

Background: Hepatitis B is a major cause of morbidity and death, and is still a health problem for many people in the world. Indonesia is one of the countries that has a medium hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence, which is between 3.0% -18.5%. The main content of a vaccine is a virus or bacteria. In addition to active ingredients, there are adjuvants in the vaccine ingredients. The combination of the main active ingredients (antigens) and adjuvants is more effective than using an antigen vaccine only. In Islam, the vaccination includes preventive treatment measures (wiqayah), therefore the vaccines are subject to legal treatment, with various opinions from halal (permissible) to forbidden. This study aimed to find out the knowledge and attitudes of students of faculty of medicine, YARSI University towards Hepatitis B vaccines viewed from the medical and Islamic perspective. Method: The study used cross sectional research design. The participants of this study were active students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University year 2015 by using questionnaire. The total number of students of class 2015 was 250 people. The number of students who met the inclusion criteria was 224 students. Error margin was 5% with a minimum sample estimate of 144 people. Result: As many as 24%  of the students was aware that hepatitis B vaccine contains aluminum, formaldehyde. Meanwhile, 72% of the knew that aluminum side effects causes CNS damage. The percentage of students who knew that rejecting the vaccination can be penalized was 27%. While 69% of the students knew that the provision of vaccine does not require informed consent. About 79% of the students understood that technique treatment from prophet era as an alternative to increase immunity in children. Regarding the attitudes towards vaccine programs promoted by the government, 31.2% of the students disagreed. While 33.1% of the students agreed with the provision of vaccines. The majority of the students (70.8%) agreed with obtaining informed consent before the vaccination. Moreover, 58% of the students Were doubtful about education before giving the vaccine. While 58% of the students disagreed that the technique method can be an alternative to substitute vaccines. Conclusion: Although there was a lack of students’ knowldge about aluminum content, Thimerosal and formaldehyde in vaccines, the students know that long term use of Hepatitis B Vaccine which contain Aluminum, Thimerosal and Formaldehyde can cause damage to the central nervous system. Regarding the students’ attitude towards Hepatitis B immunization, the students agree with the immunization program promoted by the government but they agree that informed consent should be taken and do not know about the sanction if they block or reject the immunization program by the government.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Among Municipal Waste Collectors in Penang Island, Malaysia and Their Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards the Prevention of Hepatitis B

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Siti Fatimah Kader Maideen ◽  
Fairuz Fadzilah Rahim ◽  
Abdul Rashid ◽  
Surajudeen Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
English Language ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

While there are many risks that increase an individuals&rsquo; exposure to infectious diseases such as Hepatitis B, occupational exposure increases one&rsquo;s risk to acquire such infections.&nbsp; The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Hepatitis B among municipal solid waste collectors and their knowledge, attitude and practice towards the prevention of Hepatitis B. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out among solid waste collectors in Penang Island from November 2017 to Mei 2018.&nbsp; The inclusion criteria of this study were solid waste collectors who have been working for at least 6 months and able to understand either Malay or English language. Those who did not turn up during the data collection period and who were unable to give their blood sample were excluded from the study. Participants&rsquo; blood were tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) using Elisa. The waste collectors were then interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Research Ethics Committee, PMC RC-14. A total of 184 out of 221 eligible waste handlers participated in the study, giving a response rate of 83.3%. The prevalence of Hepatitis B in this study was 1.6%.&nbsp; Significant correlation was observed between attitude and practice scores (r=0.203, p=0.006). The prevalence of Hepatitis B among municipal waste collectors was low in this study. Most had poor knowledge in regards to Hepatitis B. Empowering workers by providing them adequate information is essential to reduce the risk of contracting the disease.

scholarly journals Epidemiological impact of hepatitis B vaccination (Monastir_ Tunisia ; 2000-17)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa Dhouib ◽  
Meriem Kacem ◽  
Grira Samia ◽  
Issam Maalel ◽  
Imen Zemni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Dose Schedule ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbs Ag

AbstractBackground: In 2016, the first global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis was endorsed with the goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. In Tunisia, effective vaccines for hepatitis B (HBV) have been added to the expanded programme of immunization (EPI) since July 1995 for new borns. We expected to have a decreasing trend in the prevalence rate of reported HBV. Our study aimed to address the epidemiological profile of HBV, to assess trends by age and gender in Monastir governorate over a period of 18 years according to immunization status and to estimate the burden (years lived with disability YLDs) of this pathology. Methods: We performed a descriptive cross sectional study of declared HBV from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2017 defined as having positive serologic markers for HBs Ag. All declared patients were residents of Monastir’s Governorate. EPI included two periods, the first between 1995 and 2006 following a three-dose schedule (3, 4, 9 months). The second PI cohort after 2006 following a three-dose schedule (0, 2, 6 months). Results: During 18 years, 1526 cases of HBV were declared in Monastir with a mean of 85 cases per year. We estimated a mean of 1699 declared cases per year of HBV in Tunisia. CPR was 16.85/100,000 inh being the higher in age group of 20-39 years and in men .ASR was 15.99/100,000 inh, being 35.5 in men and 8.69 in women. During the study period, declared cases among presumed immunized (PI) person against HBV were 32(2.0%). Among PI cases, 29 were from the first period and 3 were from the second. We established a negative trend over 18 years of hepatitis B. The age group of 20 to 39 was the most common with a sharply decline. Presumed not immunized (PNI) HBV cases are decreasing by years with a prediction of 35 cases in 2024. Reported HBV contributed to 1.26 YLDs per 100,000 inh. The highest rate of YLDs occurred at the age 20-39 (2.73 YLDs per 100,000 inh). During 18 years, YLDs were 114.45 in Monastir with a mean of 2293.65 YLDs of HBV in Tunisia. Conclusion, this study showed a law prevalence rate and a decreasing trend of HBV during 18 years showing an efficacy of immunization and confirming that the universal hepatitis B vaccination in Tunisia has resulted in progress towards the prevention and control of hepatitis B infection. These findings should be demonstrated in other Tunisian regions with a standardized serological profile.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document