scholarly journals Altered Bacteria-Fungi Inter-Kingdom Network in Gut of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Bingbing Dai ◽  
Yawei Tang ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Ningning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Radiographic Damage ◽  
Fungal Microbiota ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Disease Specific

ABSTRACTIntestinal bacterial dysbiosis has been increasingly linked to Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), which is a prototypic and best studied subtype of Spondyloarthritis (SpA). Fungi and bacteria coexist in human gut and interact with each other, although they have been shown to contribute actively to health or diseases, no studies have investigated whether fungal microbiota in AS patients is perturbed. In this study, fecal samples of 22 AS patients, with clinical and radiographic assessments, and 16 healthy controls (HCs) were collected to systematically characterize the gut microbiota and mycobiota in AS patients by 16S rDNA and ITS2-based DNA sequencing. The relationships between therapeutic regimens, disease activity, radiographic damage of AS and gut micro/mycobiome were investigated. Our results showed a distinct mycobiota pattern in AS in addition to microbiota dysbiosis. The gut mycobiome of AS patients was characterized by higher taxonomic levels of Ascomycota, especially the class of Dothideomycetes, and decreased abundance of Basidiomycota, which was mainly contributed by the decease of Agaricales. Compared to HCs, changing of the ITS2/16S biodiversity ratio, and bacteria-fungi interkingdom network were observed in AS patients. Alteration of gut mycobiota was associated with different therapeutic regimens, disease activity, as well as different degrees of radiographic damage. Moreover, we unraveled a disease-specific interkingdom network alteration in AS. Finally, we also identified some trends suggesting that different therapeutic regimens may induce changing of both bacterial and fungal microbiota in AS.IMPORTANCEHuman gut is colonized by diverse fungi (mycobiome), and they have long been suspected in the pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis (SpA). Our study unraveled a disease-specific interkingdom network alteration in AS, suggesting that fungi, or the interkingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi, may play an essential role in AS development. However, limited by sample size and indeep mechanism studies, further large scale investigations on the characterization of gut mycobiome in AS patients are needed to form a foundation for research into the relationship between mycobiota dysbiosis and AS development.

scholarly journals Altered Bacterial-Fungal Interkingdom Networks in the Guts of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients

mSystems ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Bingbing Dai ◽  
Yawei Tang ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Ningning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

ABSTRACT Intestinal bacterial dysbiosis has been increasingly linked to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which is a prototypic and best studied subtype of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Fungi and bacteria coexist in the human gut and interact with each other. Although they have been shown to contribute actively to health or disease, no studies have investigated whether the fungal microbiota in AS patients is perturbed. In this study, fecal samples from 22 AS patients, with clinical and radiographic assessments, and 16 healthy controls (HCs) were collected to systematically characterize the gut microbiota and mycobiota in AS patients by 16S rRNA gene- and ITS2-based DNA sequencing. Our results showed that the microbiota of AS patients was characterized by increased abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased Bacteroidetes, which was contributed by enrichment of Escherichia-Shigella, Veillonella, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, and reduction of Prevotella strain 9, Megamona, and Fusobacterium. The gut mycobiota of AS patients was characterized by higher levels of Ascomycota, especially the class of Dothideomycetes, and decreased abundance of Basidiomycota, which was mainly contributed by the decease of Agaricales. Compared to HCs, decreased ITS2/16S biodiversity ratios and altered bacterial-fungal interkingdom networks were observed in AS patients. Compared with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), treating AS patients with biological agents induced obvious changes in the gut mycobiota, and this result was highly associated with disease activity indexes, including AS disease activity index (ASDAS) C-reactive protein (asCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Bath AS disease activity index (BASDAI). In addition, altered mycobiota in AS patients was also found associated with the degree of radiographic damage. IMPORTANCE The human gut is colonized by diverse fungi (mycobiota), and fungi have long been suspected in the pathogenesis of SpA. Our study unraveled a disease-specific interkingdom network alteration in AS, suggesting that fungi, or the interkingdom interactions between bacteria and fungi, may play an essential role in AS development. However, our study is limited by sample size, and in-depth mechanism studies and additional large-scale investigations characterizing the gut mycobiome in AS patients are needed to form a foundation for research into the relationship between mycobiota dysbiosis and AS development.

scholarly journals Grounding semantic transparency in context

Morphology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Varvara ◽  
Gabriella Lapesa ◽  
Sebastian Padó
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Inclusion Measure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe present the results of a large-scale corpus-based comparison of two German event nominalization patterns: deverbal nouns in -ung (e.g., die Evaluierung, ‘the evaluation’) and nominal infinitives (e.g., das Evaluieren, ‘the evaluating’). Among the many available event nominalization patterns for German, we selected these two because they are both highly productive and challenging from the semantic point of view. Both patterns are known to keep a tight relation with the event denoted by the base verb, but with different nuances. Our study targets a better understanding of the differences in their semantic import.The key notion of our comparison is that of semantic transparency, and we propose a usage-based characterization of the relationship between derived nominals and their bases. Using methods from distributional semantics, we bring to bear two concrete measures of transparency which highlight different nuances: the first one, cosine, detects nominalizations which are semantically similar to their bases; the second one, distributional inclusion, detects nominalizations which are used in a subset of the contexts of the base verb. We find that only the inclusion measure helps in characterizing the difference between the two types of nominalizations, in relation with the traditionally considered variable of relative frequency (Hay, 2001). Finally, the distributional analysis allows us to frame our comparison in the broader coordinates of the inflection vs. derivation cline.

scholarly journals Factors associated with disease-specific quality of life in Taiwanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e028966
Author(s):  
Ming-Chi Lu ◽  
Kuang-Yung Huang ◽  
Chien-Hsueh Tung ◽  
Bao-Bao Hsu ◽  
Cheng-Han Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Disease Specific

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with disease-specific quality of life in Taiwanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingA regional teaching hospital in southern Taiwan.ParticipantsAdult patients with ankylosing spondylitis recruited from the outpatient rheumatology clinics of the study hospital.Primary outcome measureDisease-specific quality of life assessed by the Evaluation of Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (EASi-QoL).ResultsOf the 265 patients, 57% were 20–49 years of age, with a male preponderance (75.5%). Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis indicated that a higher disease activity, assessed by the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score, was significantly and independently associated with a lower quality of life in all four domains (physical function, disease activity, emotional well-being and social participation) of the EASi-QoL. In addition, various independent factors, including educational level, nature of occupation, disease duration, dietary habit and body mass index, were significantly associated with different domains of the EASi-QoL.ConclusionsOur findings indicated that, in addition to disease activity and perceived health status, a number of other factors could significantly impact the different aspects of quality of life in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, which warrant special consideration and support from healthcare providers.

Toward a Statistical Characterization of Computer Daihinmin

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Okubo ◽  
Yuta Kado ◽  
Yamato Takeuchi ◽  
Mitsuo Wakatsuki ◽  
Tetsuro Nishino
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Card Game ◽  
Statistical Characterization ◽  
Exchange Rule ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to clarify the fundamentals of the card game Daihinmin. By collecting logs of Daihinmin games on a large scale and analyzing them, the authors illuminate the game's characteristics. They discuss the content required from the game to this end and examine the types of logs that must be collected. They then report on the collection of various logs and the calculation of certain features to characterize Daihinmin. Furthermore, the authors investigate the relationship between the initial hands and rankings of players, as well as the influence of the exchange rule, through a computer experiment.

scholarly journals Serum Sclerostin as a Possible Biomarker in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Massimo Perrotta ◽  
Fulvia Ceccarelli ◽  
Cristiana Barbati ◽  
Tania Colasanti ◽  
Antonia De Socio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Radiographic Damage ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
And Function

Objective. Several molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of a new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of sclerostin in patients with AS as a possible biomarker and to investigate any correlations with radiographic damage, disease activity, and function. Methods. AS patients fulfilled the modified New York criteria, and healthy controls were enrolled for this study. BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP, BASMI, BASFI, patient and physician VAS, and C-reactive protein were evaluated at baseline visit. Spinal damage was assessed using the mSASSS on radiographs performed within 3 months from baseline. Serum concentrations of sclerostin were assessed at baseline and after four months of therapy in patients who started an anti-TNF. Results. Twenty healthy subjects and 40 AS patients were enrolled in the study. In our group, serum sclerostin levels (median (25th–75th percentile)) were significantly higher in healthy controls (18.04 (13.6–24) pg/ml) than in AS patients (6.46 (4.5–11.1) pg/ml; P value < 0.01). However, no significant correlations were found between serum sclerostin levels and radiographic damage, assessed by mSASSS, and between serum sclerostin levels and clinical indices of activity and disability or with laboratory parameters. Sclerostin levels did not show significant changes after 4 months of anti-TNF therapy. Conclusions. The results of our study suggest a possible role of sclerostin in the identification of AS patients. Further studies are needed to prove the role of sclerostin as a disease activity biomarker and progression of disease in AS.

The relationship between enthesitis indices and disease activity parameters in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Sivas ◽  
Bedriye Mermerci Başkan ◽  
Esra Erkol İnal ◽  
Lale Akbulut Aktekin ◽  
Nurdan Barça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Reconstruction of ancient microbial genomes from the human gut

Nature ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha C. Wibowo ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Maxime Borry ◽  
Alexander Hübner ◽  
Kun D. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Microbial Genomes ◽  
Functional Profiling ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southwestern Usa ◽  
Gut Microorganisms

AbstractLoss of gut microbial diversity1–6 in industrial populations is associated with chronic diseases7, underscoring the importance of studying our ancestral gut microbiome. However, relatively little is known about the composition of pre-industrial gut microbiomes. Here we performed a large-scale de novo assembly of microbial genomes from palaeofaeces. From eight authenticated human palaeofaeces samples (1,000–2,000 years old) with well-preserved DNA from southwestern USA and Mexico, we reconstructed 498 medium- and high-quality microbial genomes. Among the 181 genomes with the strongest evidence of being ancient and of human gut origin, 39% represent previously undescribed species-level genome bins. Tip dating suggests an approximate diversification timeline for the key human symbiont Methanobrevibacter smithii. In comparison to 789 present-day human gut microbiome samples from eight countries, the palaeofaeces samples are more similar to non-industrialized than industrialized human gut microbiomes. Functional profiling of the palaeofaeces samples reveals a markedly lower abundance of antibiotic-resistance and mucin-degrading genes, as well as enrichment of mobile genetic elements relative to industrial gut microbiomes. This study facilitates the discovery and characterization of previously undescribed gut microorganisms from ancient microbiomes and the investigation of the evolutionary history of the human gut microbiota through genome reconstruction from palaeofaeces.

scholarly journals Insight on Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 in Ankylosing Spondylitis and its association with disease activity and radiographic damage

10.19082/2670 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 2670-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Mahmoud ◽  
Dalia Fayez ◽  
Mervat Mammdouh Abou Gabal ◽  
Sherin Mohamed Hosny Hamza ◽  
Takwa Badr
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 ◽  
Radiographic Damage ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein
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