scholarly journals Null results from a dimensional study of error-related negativity (ERN) and self-reported psychiatric symptoms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. X.F. Seow ◽  
E. Benoit ◽  
C. Dempsey ◽  
M. Jennings ◽  
A. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Intrusive Thought ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Compulsive Behaviour

AbstractAlterations in error processing are implicated in a range of DSM-defined psychiatric disorders. For instance, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and generalised anxiety disorder show enhanced electrophysiological responses to errors – i.e. error-related negativity (ERN) – while others like schizophrenia have an attenuated ERN. However, as diagnostic categories in psychiatry are heterogeneous and also highly intercorrelated, the precise mapping of ERN enhancements and impairments is unclear. To address this, we recorded electroencephalograms (EEG) from 196 participants who performed the Flanker task and collected scores on 9 questionnaires assessing psychiatric symptoms to test if a dimensional framework could reveal specific transdiagnostic clinical manifestations of error processing dysfunctions. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found no association between ERN amplitude and symptom severity of OCD, trait anxiety, depression, social anxiety, impulsivity, eating disorders, alcohol addiction, schizotypy or apathy. A transdiagnostic approach did nothing to improve signal; there was no association between three transdiagnostic dimensions (anxious-depression, compulsive behaviour and intrusive thought and social withdrawal) and ERN magnitude. In these same individuals, we replicated a previously published transdiagnostic association between goal-directed learning and compulsive behaviour and intrusive thought. Associations between the ERN and psychopathology might be smaller than previously assumed and/or dependent on a greater level of symptom severity than other transdiagnostic cognitive biomarkers.

scholarly journals Characterizing a psychiatric symptom dimension related to deficits in goal-directed control

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M Gillan ◽  
Michal Kosinski ◽  
Robert Whelan ◽  
Elizabeth A Phelps ◽  
Nathaniel D Daw
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Compulsive Behavior ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Symptom Dimension ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors

Prominent theories suggest that compulsive behaviors, characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder and addiction, are driven by shared deficits in goal-directed control, which confers vulnerability for developing rigid habits. However, recent studies have shown that deficient goal-directed control accompanies several disorders, including those without an obvious compulsive element. Reasoning that this lack of clinical specificity might reflect broader issues with psychiatric diagnostic categories, we investigated whether a dimensional approach would better delineate the clinical manifestations of goal-directed deficits. Using large-scale online assessment of psychiatric symptoms and neurocognitive performance in two independent general-population samples, we found that deficits in goal-directed control were most strongly associated with a symptom dimension comprising compulsive behavior and intrusive thought. This association was highly specific when compared to other non-compulsive aspects of psychopathology. These data showcase a powerful new methodology and highlight the potential of a dimensional, biologically-grounded approach to psychiatry research.

scholarly journals Error-Related Activity in Striatal Local Field Potentials and Medial Frontal Cortex: Evidence From Patients With Severe Opioid Abuse Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Sildatke ◽  
Thomas Schüller ◽  
Theo O. J. Gründler ◽  
Markus Ullsperger ◽  
Veerle Visser-Vandewalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Field ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Opioid Abuse ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Error Awareness ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Behavioral Adaptations

For successful goal-directed behavior, a performance monitoring system is essential. It detects behavioral errors and initiates behavioral adaptations to improve performance. Two electrophysiological potentials are known to follow errors in reaction time tasks: the error-related negativity (ERN), which is linked to error processing, and the error positivity (Pe), which is associated with subjective error awareness. Furthermore, the correct-related negativity (CRN) is linked to uncertainty about the response outcome. Here we attempted to identify the involvement of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in the aforementioned performance monitoring processes. To this end, we simultaneously recorded cortical activity (EEG) and local field potentials (LFP) during a flanker task performed by four patients with severe opioid abuse disorder who underwent electrode implantation in the NAc for deep brain stimulation. We observed significant accuracy-related modulations in the LFPs at the time of the ERN/CRN in two patients and at the time of Pe in three patients. These modulations correlated with the ERN in 2/8, with CRN in 5/8 and with Pe in 6/8, recorded channels, respectively. Our results demonstrate the functional interrelation of striatal and cortical processes in performance monitoring specifically related to error processing and subjective error awareness.

scholarly journals Aberrant error processing in relation to symptom severity in obsessive–compulsive disorder: A multimodal neuroimaging study

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigal Agam ◽  
Jennifer L. Greenberg ◽  
Marlisa Isom ◽  
Martha J. Falkenstein ◽  
Eric Jenike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Multimodal Neuroimaging ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Neuroimaging Study

Error-related negativity: neurocognitive transdiagnostic marker of anxiety disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol LIII (1) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
Olga A. Sagalakova ◽  
Dmitry V. Truevtsev ◽  
Olga V. Zhirnova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Causal Connections ◽  
The Moment

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for research on neurocognitive mechanisms of anxiety disorders. In response to limitations and contradictions in the logic of the categorical method of classification of mental disorders, the popularity of the dimensional approach, in which the emphasis shifts to the assessment of the severity of symptoms. The National Institute of Mental Health has developed the promising approach based on the search for systemic neurobiological foundations of mental disorders. Based on the project RDoC (Research Domain Criteria) the search for trans-diagnostic mechanisms of mental disorders has been updated. The logic of RDoC echoes the position of Russian pathopsychology, in which the syndrome of mental activity disorders is considered in dynamics, the mechanisms of the functioning of the psyche are qualified as identical in norm and pathology. In the study of anxiety-related disorders, the obvious commonality of the spectrum of manifestations that acquire nosological clarification against the background of the escalation of the severity of symptoms and secondary compensatory processes has repeatedly been put forward in the center of research attention. The aim of the article is a theoretical and methodological analysis of the neurocognitive basis of the errors monitoring system, characteristic of normal and excessively expressed in anxiety disorders, including ERP component error related negativity (ERN). As a result, it is shown that this neurocogitive marker, experimentally modeled in conflict tasks (e.g., Eriksens flanker task), is expected to be a probable transdiagnostic basis for anxiety-related disorders (social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder). The increase in the amplitude of ERN in internalization, uniting anxiety-depressive symptoms, is explained by individual differences in the readiness to detect error and sensitivity to incorrect decisions. At the moment, the study of ERN retains the tempted of simplified interpretations, the arbitrary establishment of direct causal connections between the neural basis and mental phenomena.

scholarly journals Understanding the Error in Psychopathology: Notable Intraindividual Differences in Neural Variability of Performance Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E Clayson ◽  
Harold A Rocha ◽  
Scott Baldwin ◽  
Philippe Rast ◽  
Michael J. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
Scale Models ◽  
Neural Variability

Background: Abnormal performance monitoring is a possible transdiagnostic marker common across psychopathology. Most research on neural indices of performance monitoring, including the error-related negativity (ERN), has examined group and interindividual (between-person) differences in mean/average scores. Intraindividual (within-person) variability in neural activity captures the capacity to dynamically adjust from moment to moment, and excessive neural variability appears maladaptive. Intraindividual variability in ERN represents a unique and largely unexplored dimension that might impact functioning. We tested whether psychopathology group differences (major depressive disorder [MDD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD], obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD]) or corresponding psychiatric symptoms account for intraindividual variability in single-trial ERN scores. Methods: ERN was recorded in 51 participants with MDD, 44 participants with GAD, 31 participants with OCD, and 56 psychiatrically-healthy control participants. Multilevel location-scale models were used to simultaneously examine interindividual and intraindividual differences in ERN amplitude. Results: Analyses indicated considerable intraindividual variability in ERN that was common across all groups. However, we did not find strong evidence to support clinical differences in ERN when examining traditional diagnostic categories or relationships with transdiagnostic symptoms. Conclusions: These findings point to important methodological implications for studies of performance monitoring in healthy and clinical populations—the common assumption of fixed intraindividual variability (i.e., residual variance) is inappropriate for ERN studies in clinical or healthy populations. Implementation of multilevel location-scale models in future research can leverage between-person differences in intraindividual variability in performance monitoring to gain a rich understanding of the trial-to-trial dynamics of performance monitoring.

scholarly journals Autoimmune encephalitis in a South Asian population

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanka Wickramasinghe ◽  
Dhanushka Dasanayake ◽  
Neelika Malavige ◽  
Rajiva de Silva ◽  
Thashi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Abstract Background Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is now considered a main, potentially curable cause of encephalitis, but remains conspicuously underreported from South Asia. We studied the clinical characteristics in relation to their antibody status and outcomes of patients presenting with AE in Sri Lanka. Methods Patients admitting to government hospitals who were clinically suspected of AE by an on-site neurologist were prospectively recruited over a period of 12 months. Sera and cerebrospinal fluid were tested for NMDAR, AMPAR1, AMPAR2, LGI1, CASPR2, GABARB1/B2 antibodies (Ab) using commercial cell-based assays. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were compiled into an investigator-administered proforma. Patients were reviewed at 1 year follow up either in person or via telephone. Results One-hundred and forty-two patients from 21 of 25 districts in Sri Lanka (median age = 20.5 years; range 1–86 years; females = 61.3%) were recruited. Of them, 65 (45.8%; median age = 19 years; range 1–86 years; females = 64.6%) fulfilled diagnostic criteria for probable NMDAR-antibody encephalitis (NMDARE) and 6 (4.2%; median age = 44 years; range 28–71 years; females = 83.3%) limbic encephalitis (LE). Abnormal behaviour (95.3%), seizures (81.5%) and movement disorders (69.2%) were the most frequent clinical manifestations of probable NMDARE. NMDAR-antibodies were detectable in 29 (44.6%) and not detectable in 36 in CSF of probable-NMDARE patients. Abnormal EEG was more frequent (p = 0.003) while a worse outcome (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 0.88–9.09) and deaths (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 0.67–8.33) were more likely in antibody-negative than antibody-positive probable-NMDARE. Most patients with LE had amnesia (50%) and/or confusion (100%) with agitation (83.3%) and seizures (100%) but none had detectable antibodies to any of the antigens tested. Conclusions NMDARE is the commonest type of AE among South Asians as is the case worldwide. Clinical presentations of NMDARAb-positive and NMDARAb-negative AE patients do not significantly differ but EEG may be a useful marker of an autoimmune basis for psychiatric symptoms.

scholarly journals ROHHAD(NET) Syndrome: Systematic Review of the Clinical Timeline and Recommendations for Diagnosis and Prognosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 2119-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Harvengt ◽  
Caroline Gernay ◽  
Meriem Mastouri ◽  
Nesrine Farhat ◽  
Marie-Christine Lebrethon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Autonomic Dysregulation ◽  
Hypothalamic Dysfunction

Abstract Context Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, autonomic dysregulation and neural crest tumor (ROHHHAD[NET]) is a rare and potentially fatal disease. No specific diagnostic biomarker is currently available, making prompt diagnosis challenging. Since its first definition in 2007, a complete clinical analysis leading to specific diagnosis and follow-up recommendations is still missing. Objective The purpose of this work is to describe the clinical timeline of symptoms of ROHHAD(NET) and propose recommendations for diagnosis and follow-up. Design We conducted a systematic review of all ROHHAD(NET) case studies and report a new ROHHAD patient with early diagnosis and multidisciplinary care. Methods All the articles that meet the definition of ROHHAD(NET) and provide chronological clinical data were reviewed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis individual patient data guidelines. The data were grouped into 7 categories: hypothalamic dysfunction, autonomic dysregulation, hypoventilation, NET, psychiatric symptoms, other clinical manifestations, and outcome. Results Forty-three individual patient data descriptions were analyzed. The timeline of the disease shows rapid-onset obesity followed shortly by hypothalamic dysfunction. Dysautonomia was reported at a median age of 4.95 years and hypoventilation at 5.33 years, or 2.2 years after the initial obesity. A NET was reported in 56% of the patients, and 70% of these tumors were diagnosed within 2 years after initial weight gain. Conclusion Because early diagnosis improves the clinical management and the prognosis in ROHHAD(NET), this diagnosis should be considered for any child with rapid and early obesity. We propose guidance for systematic follow-up and advise multidisciplinary management with the aim of improving prognosis and life expectancy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document