The Impact of Myriad and Mayo: Will Advancements in the Biological Sciences Be Spurred or Disincentivized? (Or Was Biotech Patenting Not Complicated Enough?)

This is a notice of retraction of the article: The evaluation of fish farming impact by nutrient content and chlorophyll A in Mala Lamljana bay, published in the Archives of Biological Sciences in 2013, Vol. 65, Issue 3. The Editor-in-Chief has been informed that the data in this article has already been published in the following article: Jelic Mrcelic G, Sliskovic M. The impact of fish cages on water quality in one fish farm in Croatia. Int Sci Index. 2010;4(8):775-8. Inspection of these articles has revealed the following: a significant part of the data in the article published in the Archives of Biological Sciences was published without proper cross-referencing to the data already published in the earlier paper. This issue was discussed with one of the two authors and it was mutually agreed to retract the article. Link to the retracted article <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ABS1302567J">10.2298/ABS1302567J</a>

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History and impact of a bean (Phaseolus spp., Leguminosae, Phaseoleae) collection

Genetic Resources ◽

10.46265/genresj.wjeu8358 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 21-43

Author(s):

Daniel Debouck ◽

Marcela Santaella ◽

Luis Guillermo Santos

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Tropical Agriculture ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Low Phosphorus ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Per Se ◽

Resources Conservation ◽

The Impact ◽

Conservation And Management

This work explains the reasons why a bean collection was established in 1973 at the International Center of Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) near Palmira in Colombia. It shows the impact of the collection on plant breeding and in agricultural development through the distribution of germplasm to the center’s bean breeding program, to successively ﬁnd resistances to pests and diseases, adaptation to low phosphorus and drought, and more recently higher content of iron and zinc in seeds. The collection was also used to progress knowledge in biological sciences, as shown by a dozen of examples. A reason behind these successes was foresight and focus on diversity per se in the collection. The paper ends with a number of suggestions for the way ahead for the genetic resources conservation and management of these bean crops, and possible take-home lessons for curators in charge of other similar collections.

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Barbara McClintock, 16 June 1902 - 2 September 1992

Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society ◽

10.1098/rsbm.1994.0039 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 265-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Turn Of The Century ◽

Genetic Knowledge ◽

Natural Knowledge ◽

William Bateson ◽

Exact Determination ◽

History Of ◽

Barbara Mcclintock ◽

The Impact

Barbara McClintock’s remarkable life spanned the history of genetics in the 20th century. Though technically rooted in Mendel’s experiments carried out decades earlier, the science of genetics began with the rediscovery of his work at the turn of the century. In 1902, the year of McClintock’s birth, William Bateson wrote prophetically that ‘an exact determination of the laws of heredity will probably work more change in man’s outlook on the world, and in his power over nature, than any other advance in natural knowledge that can be clearly foreseen’. Indeed, the science of genetics, to which McClintock made seminal contributions, both experimental and conceptual, has come to dominate all of the biological sciences, from molecular biology, through cell and developmental biology, to medicine and agriculture. And Bateson’s immodest guess was arguably an underestimate of the impact of genetic knowledge on humanity.

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The impact of weekly multicourse collective exams on pharmacy student academic behaviors and learning in an integrated biological sciences course

AJP Advances in Physiology Education ◽

10.1152/advan.00065.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 575-579

Author(s):

Amie J. Dirks-Naylor

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Degree Program ◽

Pharmacy Student ◽

Final Exam ◽

Academic Behaviors ◽

First Semester ◽

Course Grades ◽

Final Exams ◽

Doctor Of Pharmacy ◽

The Impact

Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree program curricula are typically comprised of heavy course loads and assessment burden. Typically, students “live” from exam to exam only preparing and studying for the exam directly ahead of them while neglecting concurrent courses. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the impact of weekly multicourse collective exams academic behaviors and learning in an integrated biological sciences (BSI) course within a PharmD program. Weekly multicourse exams included questions, four per credit hour, from all first semester courses that traditionally included summative exams. Seven courses contributed questions, which amounted to 15 weekly exams of ∼60 questions. No other graded assessments were given in any of the courses, other than individual course cumulative final exams; the final exams in each course were not collective. After completion of final exams, a Qualtrics survey was emailed to all students and the two professors teaching the course. Course grades, not including the final exam, were compared between two cohorts with or without the collective exams to determine impact on learning. The cumulative final exam was compared between cohorts to determine impact on retention. The majority of students agreed or strongly agreed that the weekly collective exams encouraged them to study BSI more frequently, most days of the week, reduced the likelihood of skipping class, and increased likelihood to pay attention and engage in class. The majority believed that they better learned and retained the BSI material. The majority specified that they liked the collective exams for BSI and preferred it over a traditional exam schedule. Learning also appeared to be improved. However, the impact on retention is less clear and requires further research. In conclusion, the weekly multicourse collective exams improved academic behaviors and learning.

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A bibliometric approach for managing institutional and personal scientific investments, with examples from the biological sciences

10.31219/osf.io/6enwt ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kevin Winker

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Portfolio Analysis ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Google Scholar ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Investment Portfolio ◽

Self Assessment ◽

The Impact ◽

Bibliometric Approach

Self assessment should include asking ourselves how we might allocate our investments to enhance the impact of our publication portfolio. I develop an easily implemented scientific investment portfolio analysis tool based on citations. Using Google Scholar data, I provide examples at individual and institutional levels for two cases in the biological sciences. Visualizing these data in three dimensions reveals striking degrees of structure and variation in how investments have been made and in how they have performed among subdisciplines or scientific market sectors. Legacy and time-corrected performance also provide contrasting views. This approach provides a quantitative way to assess market sectors in relation to each other in a way that should be broadly useful in planning future scientific investments for individuals, departments, or institutions.

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Imposed pressure driven flow in peristalsis

Advances in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1177/1687814020971063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 168781402097106

Author(s):

Ishrat Fatima ◽

Saleem Asghar

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Velocity Field ◽

Pressure Gradient ◽

Forward Direction ◽

Peristaltic Motion ◽

Boundary Perturbation Method ◽

Physical Importance ◽

The One ◽

Pressure Driven Flow ◽

The Impact

Peristaltic transport phenomena are of great significance in biological sciences. The physiological transport of fluid takes place under the action of peristalsis generated as a pressure gradient. The peristaltic waves generate a pressure gradient which is responsible for the fluid flow in the forward direction. The further properties of this phenomena can be seen if an imposed pressure gradient is applied in addition to the one appearing due to peristaltic waves. This situation has not been discussed in the literature that needs further attention. The effects of the wavy boundaries and imposed pressure on the velocity of the flow field are analyzed. Here we impose a question: what happens if an imposed pressure gradient is also applied? This question of physical importance has not been addressed; and thus, remains the topic of this study. In previous papers of peristaltic motion, the flow generated by peristaltic waves only has been examined while in this study we will discuss the contribution of imposed pressure gradient on velocity field. The analytical results for the velocity field are obtained using the boundary perturbation method. The study shows that the impact of the wavy boundaries on the flow increases with the increase in corrugation parameter and imposed pressure.

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The Political Science of Science: An Inquiry into the Possible Reconciliation of Mastery and Freedom

American Political Science Review ◽

10.2307/1951330 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 961-979 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Harold D. Lasswell

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Political Science ◽

Body Politic ◽

World Politics ◽

Arms Race ◽

The Political ◽

Science Of Science ◽

Potential Applications ◽

The Impact

My intention is to consider political science as a discipline and as a profession in relation to the impact of the physical and biological sciences and of engineering upon the life of man. I propose to inquire into the possible reconciliation of man's mastery over Nature with freedom, the overriding goal of policy in our body politic.In the interest of concreteness I shall have something to say about past and potential applications of science in three areas: armament, production, and evolution.It is trite to acknowledge that for years we have lived in the afterglow of a mushroom cloud and in the midst of an arms race of unprecedented gravity. Here I shall support a proposition that may at first evoke some incredulous exclamations. The proposition is that our intellectual tools have been sufficiently sharp to enable political scientists to make a largely correct appraisal of the consequences of unconventional weapons for world politics.

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Droplet-Based Microfluidics

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1177/1087057113510401 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 483-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Oliver J. Dressler ◽

Richard M. Maceiczyk ◽

Soo-Ik Chang ◽

Andrew J. deMello

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

High Throughput ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Small Sample ◽

Operational Flexibility ◽

High Throughput Experimentation ◽

The Impact ◽

Functional Components ◽

Fabrication Costs

Over the past two decades, the application of microengineered systems in the chemical and biological sciences has transformed the way in which high-throughput experimentation is performed. The ability to fabricate complex microfluidic architectures has allowed scientists to create new experimental formats for processing ultra-small analytical volumes in short periods and with high efficiency. The development of such microfluidic systems has been driven by a range of fundamental features that accompany miniaturization. These include the ability to handle small sample volumes, ultra-low fabrication costs, reduced analysis times, enhanced operational flexibility, facile automation, and the ability to integrate functional components within complex analytical schemes. Herein we discuss the impact of microfluidics in the area of high-throughput screening and drug discovery and highlight some of the most pertinent studies in the recent literature.

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François Jacob. 17 June 1920 — 19 April 2013

Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society ◽

10.1098/rsbm.2016.0021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

pp. 345-361

Author(s):

Michel Morange

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Embryonal Carcinoma ◽

Embryonic Stem ◽

Carcinoma Cells ◽

Biological Research ◽

Civilian Life ◽

The Impact ◽

De Gaulle

Biological research was a late vocation for François Jacob, who entered the laboratory of André Lwoff at the Institut Pasteur in Paris at the age of 30. Ten years before, in 1940, he had abruptly left France, after the German troops entered Paris, and joined the Free French Forces organized by de Gaulle in London. He served as a medic in battles against the German troops in Africa, and was severely wounded in Normandy in August 1944. He could no longer be a surgeon as he had expected, and his return to a civilian life was difficult. Fifteen years after he entered the Institut Pasteur, in 1965, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with André Lwoff and Jacques Monod, for the discovery of the mechanisms controlling gene expression in bacteria, the operon model. The impact of this discovery was immense and triggered the conversion of molecular biologists to the study of higher organisms and their development. Jacob decided to work on mice, and his characterization of embryonal carcinoma cells and of their differentiation foreshadowed recent studies on embryonic stem cells. His comparison between evolution and the work of a tinkerer was also highly influential. Jacob wrote many books on the history and philosophy of the biological sciences. He was convinced that reflection on these issues was necessary for researchers to defend the value of scientific knowledge. He also continuously fought for an ethical use of scientific knowledge.

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The Application of Microbes in Petroleum Industry

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.542 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 868 ◽

pp. 542-546

Author(s):

Ji Hua Wang ◽

Shan Shan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Biological Sciences ◽

Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽

Oil Recovery ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Petroleum Industry ◽

Oil Industry ◽

Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽

Oil And Gas Exploration ◽

The Impact

With the advances in biological sciences, microbiology techniques to be applied to people in all areas of production and life, this paper introduces the microorganisms in the oil industry in all sectors such as oil and gas exploration microorganisms, microbial enhanced oil recovery and microbial degradation of the oil pollution and other aspects of the application. By summarizing the impact of microbial technology for the various aspects of oil industry, make the foundation of the microbial creative application in the field of oil industry.

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