scholarly journals Barbara McClintock, 16 June 1902 - 2 September 1992

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 265-280 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Genetic Knowledge ◽  
Natural Knowledge ◽  
William Bateson ◽  
Exact Determination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barbara Mcclintock ◽  
The Impact

Barbara McClintock’s remarkable life spanned the history of genetics in the 20th century. Though technically rooted in Mendel’s experiments carried out decades earlier, the science of genetics began with the rediscovery of his work at the turn of the century. In 1902, the year of McClintock’s birth, William Bateson wrote prophetically that ‘an exact determination of the laws of heredity will probably work more change in man’s outlook on the world, and in his power over nature, than any other advance in natural knowledge that can be clearly foreseen’. Indeed, the science of genetics, to which McClintock made seminal contributions, both experimental and conceptual, has come to dominate all of the biological sciences, from molecular biology, through cell and developmental biology, to medicine and agriculture. And Bateson’s immodest guess was arguably an underestimate of the impact of genetic knowledge on humanity.

The Potential Applications of Raman Spectroscopy in Unravelling Complex Palaeowildfire Ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Theurer ◽  
David Muirhead ◽  
David Jolley ◽  
Dmitri Mauquoy
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Ecosystem Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unique Relationship

<p>Raman spectroscopy represents a novel methodology of characterising plant-fire interactions through geological history, with enormous potential. Applications of Raman spectroscopy to charcoal have shown that this is an effective method of understanding intensity changes across palaeofire regimes. Such analyses have relied on the determination of appropriate Raman parameters, given their relationship with temperature of formation and microstructural changes in reference charcoals. Quantitative assessments of charcoal microstructure have also been successfully applied to the assessment of carbonaceous maturation under alternate thermal regimes, such as pyroclastic volcanism. Palaeowildfire systems in association with volcanism may present a complex history of thermal maturation, given interactions between detrital charcoals and volcanogenic deposition. However, whilst palaeofire and volcanic maturation of carbonaceous material are well understood individually, their interaction has yet to be characterised. Here we present the first analysis of palaeofire charcoals derived from volcanic ignition utilising Raman spectroscopy. Our results indicate that complex interactions between volcanism and palaeofire systems may be better understood by the characterisation of charcoal microstructure, alongside palaeobotanical and ecosystem studies. Understanding the unique relationship between wildfires and volcanism, and the impact that this has on the fossil record, may better assist our understanding of wildfire systems in deep history. Further still, this highlights the potential for better understanding the socioecological impacts of modern and future wildfire systems closely associated with volcanic centres. </p>

Periodizing Classic Noir

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Miklitsch
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This concluding chapter traces the history of classic noir by reflecting on the way in which the genre has been discursively constituted through its beginnings and endings, an act of periodization that typically entails nominating particular films as the first and last noir in order to differentiate the intervening films from, respectively, proto- and neo-noir. While the recent interest in Stranger on the Third Floor (1940) is one sign that Boris Ingster's film has supplanted The Maltese Falcon (1941) as the first, titular American noir, recent transnational readings of the genre have problematized the reflexive determination of classic noir as a strictly American phenomenon. In fact, the impact of Odds against Tomorrow (1959) on transnational neo-noir indicates that the end or terminus of the classical era is just as provisional—just as open to interpretation and therefore, revision—as its origin.

Pluralism and the Fate of Perestroika: A Historical Reflection

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gunnell
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Politics And Political Science ◽  
Historical Reflection ◽  
The Impact

Although a great deal has been written about the perestroika movement in turn-of-the century political science its actual place in the history of the discipline has been poorly understood by its founders, defenders, and critics. Perestroika can be best understood as a manifestation of the persistent crises of identity that have characterized the discipline of political science, and it cannot be explained apart from the manner in which it was reflection of issues that attended both the origins of the field and periods such as the 1920s and aftermath of the behavioral era. What has been particularly important in each case has been the impact on both American politics and political science of the ethic of pluralism, which has created significant difficulties for both the practical and epistemic relationship between the discipline and its subject matter. — John Gunnell.This essay is followed by responses from James Farr, Robert O. Keohane, David D. Laitin, Kristen Renwick Monroe, Anne Norton, and Sanford F. Schram. John Gunnell then offers a response to commentators.

scholarly journals Examination of Molecular Effects of MYLK Deletion in a Patient with Extensive Aortic, Carotid, and Abdominal Dissections That Underlie the Genetic Dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Macklin ◽  
Katelyn A. Bruno ◽  
Charitha Vadlamudi ◽  
Haytham Helmi ◽  
Ayesha Samreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Kinase Domain ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Mutant Variant ◽  
Modeling Techniques ◽  
Uncertain Significance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
The Impact

We describe the phenotype of a patient with extensive aortic, carotid, and abdominal dissections. The proband was found to have a heterozygous deletion of exons 21–34 in MYLK, which is a rare finding, as deletions in this gene have been infrequently reported. We describe this finding following detection in a proband with an extensive history of aortic, carotid, and abdominal dissections. Neoteric molecular modeling techniques to help determine the impact of this deletion on protein function indicated loss of function due to lack of any kinase domain. We also provide the electrostatics calculations from the wild type and mutant variant. Through a combined multiomic approach of clinical, functional, and protein informatics, we arrive at a data fusion for determination of pathogenicity embedded within the genetic code for this particular genetic variant, which, as a platform, continues to broaden its scope across the field of variants of uncertain significance classification.

Hans-Ulrich Wehler on imperial Germany (1871–1918)

1975 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Waller
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
German History ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
Imperial Germany ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Since the appearance of Fritz Fischer's Griff nach der Weltmacht in 19611the study of German history has not been the same. His strong views and the evidence he presents on the question of German responsibility for World War I naturally provoked controversy. But the impact of his book has another equally important, and, at first glance, less apparent aspect. Fischer gave great prominence to economic affairs and the role of various pressure groups. Whether his views on German war guilt are accepted or not, Fischer's approach to history, his attempt to break out of the bonds of diplomatic, purely political and intellectual history and emphasize its economic and social strains, has encouraged a multitude of young German historians to take a fresh look at their past. They have concentrated on the last 100 years, but this method can of course be more widely applied. Since the days of Ranke the writing of German history has been directed towards the analysis of political events and increasingly since the turn of the century towards the study of the history of ideas. After an early and promising start in Germany, social and economic history was either neglected, or studied merely in isolation without reference to politics.

MILITARY CONFLICTS AND CHANGE OF LEGAL BASIS OF THE POLICE FUNCTIONINGIN DUCHY OF WARSAW

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 529-544
Author(s):  
Marcin Mielnik
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Small State ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Police Authority ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Situations

This article discusses the key problems faced by specific governments of the Duchy of Warsaw in terms of the objectives and actions of the police authority. These were matters related to the determination of the competence of the specific ministries and the location of the Ministry of the Police between them and the issuance of a number of legal acts related to its functioning. Wars that took place during the existence of the Duchy of Warsaw played a significant role in the implementation of the applicable law. The author paid particular attention to the issue of the impact of the creation, development and functioning of the police. As a consequence, issues related to the formation of state authorities and administration at key moments in the history of a small state were included in this issue. The analysis in this area focused on the operation of the police in critical situations.

State-by-State Use of AMA Guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-7, 16
Keyword(s):  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Abstract This article presents a history of the origins and development of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), from the publication of an article titled “A Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment of the Extremities and Back” (1958) until a compendium of thirteen guides was published in book form in 1971. The most recent, sixth edition, appeared in 2008. Over time, the AMA Guides has been widely used by US states for workers’ compensation and also by the Federal Employees Compensation Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, as well as by Canadian provinces and other jurisdictions around the world. In the United States, almost twenty states have developed some form of their own impairment rating system, but some have a narrow range and scope and advise evaluators to consult the AMA Guides for a final determination of permanent disability. An evaluator's impairment evaluation report should clearly document the rater's review of prior medical and treatment records, clinical evaluation, analysis of the findings, and a discussion of how the final impairment rating was calculated. The resulting report is the rating physician's expert testimony to help adjudicate the claim. A table shows the edition of the AMA Guides used in each state and the enabling statute/code, with comments.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

The Film World’s Cooperative Store: Institutions and Films of the 1930s and 1940s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Claire Thomson
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Early History ◽  
World War ◽  
International Context ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter traces the early history of state-sponsored informational filmmaking in Denmark, emphasising its organisation as a ‘cooperative’ of organisations and government agencies. After an account of the establishment and early development of the agency Dansk Kulturfilm in the 1930s, the chapter considers two of its earliest productions, both process films documenting the manufacture of bricks and meat products. The broader context of documentary in Denmark is fleshed out with an account of the production and reception of Poul Henningsen’s seminal film Danmark (1935), and the international context is accounted for with an overview of the development of state-supported filmmaking in the UK, Italy and Germany. Developments in the funding and output of Dansk Kulturfilm up to World War II are outlined, followed by an account of the impact of the German Occupation of Denmark on domestic informational film. The establishment of the Danish Government Film Committee or Ministeriernes Filmudvalg kick-started aprofessionalisation of state-sponsored filmmaking, and two wartime public information films are briefly analysed as examples of its early output. The chapter concludes with an account of the relations between the Danish Resistance and an emerging generation of documentarists.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document