scholarly journals Photon Antibunching and Collective Effects in the Fluorescence of Single Bichromophoric Molecules

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian G. Hübner ◽  
Gert Zumofen ◽  
Alois Renn ◽  
Andreas Herrmann ◽  
Klaus Müllen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Effects ◽  
Photon Antibunching ◽  
Bichromophoric Molecules

Collective effects in artificial two-dimensional lattices of ferromagnetic nanoparticles

2000 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Gusev ◽  
Yu.N. Nozdrin ◽  
M.V. Sapozhnikov ◽  
A.A. Fraerman
Keyword(s):  
Collective Effects ◽  
Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Two Dimensional

scholarly journals Picosecond time-resolved photon antibunching measures nanoscale exciton motion and the true number of chromophores

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon J. Hedley ◽  
Tim Schröder ◽  
Florian Steiner ◽  
Theresa Eder ◽  
Felix J. Hofmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dna Origami ◽  
Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Exciton Diffusion ◽  
Polymer Aggregates ◽  
True Number ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
Photon Antibunching

AbstractThe particle-like nature of light becomes evident in the photon statistics of fluorescence from single quantum systems as photon antibunching. In multichromophoric systems, exciton diffusion and subsequent annihilation occurs. These processes also yield photon antibunching but cannot be interpreted reliably. Here we develop picosecond time-resolved antibunching to identify and decode such processes. We use this method to measure the true number of chromophores on well-defined multichromophoric DNA-origami structures, and precisely determine the distance-dependent rates of annihilation between excitons. Further, this allows us to measure exciton diffusion in mesoscopic H- and J-type conjugated-polymer aggregates. We distinguish between one-dimensional intra-chain and three-dimensional inter-chain exciton diffusion at different times after excitation and determine the disorder-dependent diffusion lengths. Our method provides a powerful lens through which excitons can be studied at the single-particle level, enabling the rational design of improved excitonic probes such as ultra-bright fluorescent nanoparticles and materials for optoelectronic devices.

SPALLATION YIELDS FROM HIGH ENERGY PROTON BOMBARDMENT OF HEAVY ELEMENTS

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Comparison With Experiment ◽  
Energy Proton ◽  
Stringent Test ◽  
Neutron Evaporation ◽  
Nuclear Processes ◽  
Mev Protons

The Monte Carlo calculations of McManus and Sharp (unpublished) for the prompt nuclear processes occurring upon bombardment of heavy elements by 400 Mev. protons are combined with a description of the subsequent neutron evaporation to determine spallation cross sections for comparison with experiment. The model employed is a schematic one which suppresses the detailed characteristics of individual nuclei, but gives the over-all behavior to be expected. Many-particle and collective effects such as alpha particle emission and fission are ignored. The computed cross sections are presented in a variety of different graphical forms which illustrate quantitatively the qualitative picture of high energy reactions first given by Serber (1947). The calculations are in general agreement with existing data when fission is not an important effect, but the agreement does not imply a very stringent test of the various features of the model.

Collective effects near transition energy in the proton mode of HIAF/BRing

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. P12035-P12035
Author(s):  
F.C. Cai ◽  
J.C. Yang ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
G.D. Shen ◽  
X.Q. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Energy ◽  
Collective Effects

scholarly journals Observation of photon antibunching with only one standard single-photon detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 013105
Author(s):  
Shaojie Liu ◽  
Xing Lin ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Hairui Lei ◽  
Wei Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Detector ◽  
Single Photon Detector ◽  
Photon Antibunching

Nutrition within the household: 18th through early 20th century female and male statures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Scott Alan Carson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Height Data

Abstract When other measures for material conditions are scarce or unreliable, the use of height is now common to evaluate economic conditions during economic development. However, throughout US economic development, height data by gender have been slow to emerge. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, female and male statures remained constant. Agricultural workers had taller statures than workers in other occupations, and the female agricultural height premium was over twice that of males. For both females and males, individuals with fairer complexions were taller than their darker complexioned counterparts. Gender collectively had the greatest explanatory effect associated with stature, followed by age and nativity. Socioeconomic status and birth period had the smallest collective effects with stature.

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