scholarly journals Rapid Induction of Ion Pulses in Tomato, Cucumber, and Maize Plants following a Foliar Application of L(+)-Adenosine

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ries ◽  
S. Savithiry ◽  
V. Wert ◽  
I. Widders
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Maize Plants

scholarly journals Relief Role of Lysine Chelated Zinc (Zn) on 6-Week-Old Maize Plants under Tannery Wastewater Irrigation Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5161
Author(s):  
Rehan Ahmad ◽  
Wajid Ishaque ◽  
Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Umair Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Atif Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Maize Plants

Tannery wastewater mainly comes from leather industries. It has high organic load, high salinity, and many other pollutants, including chromium (Cr). Tannery wastewater is generally used for crop irrigation in some areas of Pakistan and worldwide, due to the low availability of good quality of irrigation water. As tannery wastewater has many nutrients in it, its lower concentration benefits the plant growth, but at a higher concentration, it damages the plants. Chromium in tannery wastewater accumulates in plants, and causes stress at physiological and biochemical levels. In recent times, the role of micronutrient-amino acid chelated compounds has been found to be helpful in reducing abiotic stress in plants. In our present study, we used lysine chelated zinc (Zn-lys) as foliar application on maize (Zea mays L.), growing in different concentrations of tannery wastewater. Zinc (Zn) is required by plants for growth, and lysine is an essential amino acid. Maize plants were grown in tannery wastewater in four concentrations (0, 25%, 50%, and 100%) and Zn-lys was applied as a foliar spray in three concentrations (0 mM, 12.5 mM, and 25 mM) during plant growth. Plants were cautiously harvested right after 6 weeks of treatment. Foliar spray of Zn-lys on maize increased the biomass and improved the plant growth. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and contents of carotenoids also increased with Zn-lys application. In contrast to control plants, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were increased up to 12%, 50%, and 68% in leaves, as well as 16%, 51% and 89% in roots at 25%, 50%, and 100% tannery water application, respectively, without Zn-lys treatments. Zn-lys significantly reduced the damages caused by oxidative stress in maize plant by decreasing the overproduction of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in maize that were produced, due to the application of high amount of tannery wastewater alone. The total free amino acids and soluble protein decreased by 10%, 31% and 64% and 18%, 61% and 122% at 25%, 50% and 100% tannery water treatment. Zn-lys application increased the amino acids production and antioxidant activities in maize plants. Zn contents increased, and Cr contents decreased, in different parts of plants with Zn-lys application. Overall, a high concentration of tannery wastewater adversely affected the plant growth, but the supplementation of Zn-lys assertively affected the plant growth and enhanced the nutritional quality, by enhancing Zn and decreasing Cr levels in plants simultaneously irrigated with tannery wastewater.

scholarly journals Chitosan application in the induction of water deficit tolerance in maize plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e42463
Author(s):  
Lorena Gabriela Almeida ◽  
Paulo César Magalhães ◽  
Décio Karam ◽  
Eder Marcos da Silva ◽  
Amauri Alves Alvarenga
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Maize Plants

The present research seeks to elucidate the feasibility of chitosan (CHT) in the induction of water deficit tolerance in different maize hybrids, contrasting tolerance to water restriction, tolerance and sensitivity. The maize plants were subjected to water deficit and foliar application of different chitosan doses (60, 100, 140, and 180 mg L-1) at the pre-flowering growth stage and evaluated during the stress period of fifteen days. To understand the induction behaviour of the tolerance to water restriction, biophysical parameters, such as water potential, relative water content and chlorophyll content, gas exchange, and biochemical assays, were quantified based on the activity of SOD, CAT, APX, and PAL antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation activity and hydrogen peroxide content. Among the treatments, maize plants subjected to chitosan foliar application at a dose of 140 mg L-1 presented similar behavioural responses to plants under favourable irrigation conditions. Such positive responses are related to the high degree of activity of antioxidant enzymes, gas exchange and low levels of lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide. The results support the potential use of CHT to increase tolerance to water stress.

scholarly journals Foliar copper uptake by maize plants: effects on growth and yield

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1561-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Hidalgo Barbosa ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
Fábio Rodrigo Miyazaki ◽  
Márcio Pilecco ◽  
Samir Oliveira Kassab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Higher Doses

A slight increase in the levels of a certain nutrient can cause a significant increase in crop yield or can cause phytotoxicity symptoms. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper (Cu) on the growth and yield of DG-501 maize. The experiment was carried out between December 2009 and April 2010 in conventional tillage. When plants were with six to eight leaves, Cu (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600g ha-1) was applied to the leaves. Treatments were arranged in randomized complete block with five replications. When 50% of the plants were in flowering, it was evaluated the plant height, culm diameter, height of the first ear insertion, leaf area, and chlorophyll content. At harvest, it was evaluated diameter and length of the ear, yield and thousand grain weight. There was a linear reduction in the plant height and in the height of the first ear insertion with increasing Cu doses. On the other hand, chlorophyll content, leaf area, diameter and length of ear, thousand grain weight and yield increased at doses up to 100g ha-1 Cu, however, decreased at higher doses. Therefore, foliar Cu application at doses higher than 100g ha-1 has toxic effect in maize plants with losses in growth and yield.

scholarly journals Zinc and iron-mediated alleviation water deficiency of maize by modulating antioxidant metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 989-1004
Author(s):  
Mojtaba AFSHARI ◽  
Ahmad NADERI ◽  
Mani MOJADAM ◽  
Shahram LACK ◽  
Mojtaba ALAVIFAZEL
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Maize Plants

Microelements are inorganic compounds involved in the synthesis of enzymes and biologically active substances. To evaluate the physiological responses of maize to ZnSO4 and FeSO4 under drought stress, a field experiment was conducted on maize plants grown under different soil moistures and treated with foliar ZnSO4 and FeSO4 applications. Drought stress especially at early seed growth stage significantly reduced grain yield and Fv/Fm ratio; however, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) was enhanced under drought stress. Foliar applied ZnSO4 and FeSO4 boosted the grain yield under non irrigation at vegetative growth stage and at early seed growth stage, respectively.  Between grain yield and MDA concentration (r=­ -0.73), superoxide dismutase (r= -0.57), peroxidase (r= -0.49), H2O2 (r= -0.67) and catalase enzyme (r= -0.42) significant and negative correlation were observed. Combined application of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 resulted in alleviation of maize plant drought stress by Zn and Fe-mediated improvement in photosynthetic attributes. In addition, the foliar application of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 regulated physiological processes in maize plants and alleviated the adverse effects of water stress. According to the results, ZnSO4 and FeSO4 could be used for improving maize growth under drought stress.

scholarly journals Silicon-based induced resistance in maize against fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)]

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259749
Author(s):  
Inzamam Ul Haq ◽  
Aroosa Khurshid ◽  
Rehan Inayat ◽  
Zhang Kexin ◽  
Liu Changzhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Maize Plants

The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major economic pest in the United States and has recently become a significant concern in African and Asian countries. Due to its increased resistance to current management strategies, including pesticides and transgenic corn, alternative management techniques have become more necessary. Currently, silicon (Si) is being used in many pest control systems due to its ability to increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and promote plant growth. The current experiments were carried out at the College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China, to test the effect of Si on lifetable parameters and lipase activity of fall armyworm and vegetative and physiological parameters of maize plants. Two sources of Si (silicon dioxide: SiO2 and potassium silicate: K2SiO3) were applied on maize plants with two application methods (foliar application and soil drenching). The experiment results revealed that foliar applications of SiO2 and K2SiO3 significantly (P≤0.05) increased mortality percentage and developmental period and decreased larval and pupal biomass of fall armyworm. Similarly, both Si sources significantly (P≤0.05) reduced lipase activity of larvae, and fecundity of adults, whereas prolonged longevity of adults. Among plant parameters, a significant increase in fresh and dry weight of shoot, stem length, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant activity was observed with foliar applications of Si. Root fresh and dry weight was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in plants treated with soil drenching of SiO2 and K2SiO3. Moreover, SiO2 performed better for all parameters as compared to K2SiO3 and control treatment. The study conclusively demonstrated a significant negative effect on various biological parameters of fall armyworm when plants were treated with Si, so it can be a promising strategy to control this pest.

Effects of Foliar Application of 24-Epibrassinolide on Growth and Induction of Resistance of Maize Plants to Helminthosporiosis on the Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Kuate Tueguem William Norbert ◽  
Ngoh Dooh Jules Patrice ◽  
Essono Obougou Germain Gabriel ◽  
Ndongo Bekolo ◽  
Atindo Songwe Thierry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Induction Of Resistance ◽  
Maize Plants

scholarly journals Effect of different doses and application methods of sodium selenate on selenium status in maize for silage

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emir Dzomba ◽  
Mirha Djikic ◽  
Drena Gadzo ◽  
Senada Cengic-Dzomba ◽  
Zdenko Loncaric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Superior Effect ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Fertiliser Application

A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effect of different Se fertiliser application methods and application rates on the selenium content in maize plants. Selenium as sodium selenate was added into soil (10 g and 20 g Se ha-1) or sprayed on maize plants (20 g Se ha-1). Maize plants from control treatment contained 0.018 and 0.020 mg Se kg DM-1 in the first and the second year of the study. Foliar application exhibited superior effect by increasing selenium content in the plants up to 0.343 mg kg DM-1 in the first year, and 0.249 mg kg DM-1 in the second. Soil selenium application was less effective; selenium content in maize plants varied from 0.018 to 0.019 mg kg DM-1 in the first and from 0.018 to 0.145 mg kg DM-1 in the second year, respectively. Strong linear correlation (r=0.71) was found between selenium content in the plants and in grains. Selenium recovery rates were significantly higher in case of foliar treatment compared to soil application.

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