Real-time image-content-based beamline control for smart 4D X-ray imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1254-1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Vogelgesang ◽  
Tomas Farago ◽  
Thilo F. Morgeneyer ◽  
Lukas Helfen ◽  
Tomy dos Santos Rolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Level Data ◽  
High Level

Real-time processing of X-ray image data acquired at synchrotron radiation facilities allows for smart high-speed experiments. This includes workflows covering parameterized and image-based feedback-driven control up to the final storage of raw and processed data. Nevertheless, there is presently no system that supports an efficient construction of such experiment workflows in a scalable way. Thus, here an architecture based on a high-level control system that manages low-level data acquisition, data processing and device changes is described. This system is suitable for routine as well as prototypical experiments, and provides specialized building blocks to conduct four-dimensionalin situ,in vivoandoperandotomography and laminography.

Design of Data Acquisition System Based on FPGA

2011 ◽  
Vol 403-408 ◽  
pp. 1592-1595
Author(s):  
Guo Sheng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Field Programmable

A new kind of data acquisition system is introduced in this paper, in which the multi-channel synchronized real-time data acquisition under the coordinate control of field-programmable gate array(FPGA) is realized. The design uses field programmable gate arrays(FPGA) for the data processing and logic control. For high speed CCD image data processing, the paper adopts regional parallel processing based on FPGA. The FPGA inner block RAM is used to build high speed image data buffer is put into operation to achieve high speed image data integration and real-time processing. The proposed data acquisition system has characteristics of stable performance, flexible expansion, high real-timeness and integration

scholarly journals Real-Time High-Level Acute Pain Detection Using a Smartphone and a Wrist-Worn Electrodermal Activity Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3956
Author(s):  
Youngsun Kong ◽  
Hugo F. Posada-Quintero ◽  
Ki H. Chon
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Pain Stimulation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electrical Pulses ◽  
Pain Detection ◽  
High Level

The subjectiveness of pain can lead to inaccurate prescribing of pain medication, which can exacerbate drug addiction and overdose. Given that pain is often experienced in patients’ homes, there is an urgent need for ambulatory devices that can quantify pain in real-time. We implemented three time- and frequency-domain electrodermal activity (EDA) indices in our smartphone application that collects EDA signals using a wrist-worn device. We then evaluated our computational algorithms using thermal grill data from ten subjects. The thermal grill delivered a level of pain that was calibrated for each subject to be 8 out of 10 on a visual analog scale (VAS). Furthermore, we simulated the real-time processing of the smartphone application using a dataset pre-collected from another group of fifteen subjects who underwent pain stimulation using electrical pulses, which elicited a VAS pain score level 7 out of 10. All EDA features showed significant difference between painless and pain segments, termed for the 5-s segments before and after each pain stimulus. Random forest showed the highest accuracy in detecting pain, 81.5%, with 78.9% sensitivity and 84.2% specificity with leave-one-subject-out cross-validation approach. Our results show the potential of a smartphone application to provide near real-time objective pain detection.

scholarly journals SoC-FPGA systems for the acquisition and processing of electroencephalographic signals

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Matias Javier Oliva ◽  
Pablo Andrés García ◽  
Enrique Mario Spinelli ◽  
Alejandro Luis Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
System Response ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
General Purpose Processor ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
Electroencephalographic Signals ◽  
High Level

<span lang="EN-US">Real-time acquisition and processing of electroencephalographic signals have promising applications in the implementation of brain-computer interfaces. These devices allow the user to control a device without performing motor actions, and are usually made up of a biopotential acquisition stage and a personal computer (PC). This structure is very flexible and appropriate for research, but for final users it is necessary to migrate to an embedded system, eliminating the PC from the scheme. The strict real-time processing requirements of such systems justify the choice of a system on a chip field-programmable gate arrays (SoC-FPGA) for its implementation. This article proposes a platform for the acquisition and processing of electroencephalographic signals using this type of device, which combines the parallelism and speed capabilities of an FPGA with the simplicity of a general-purpose processor on a single chip. In this scheme, the FPGA is in charge of the real-time operation, acquiring and processing the signals, while the processor solves the high-level tasks, with the interconnection between processing elements solved by buses integrated into the chip. The proposed scheme was used to implement a brain-computer interface based on steady-state visual evoked potentials, which was used to command a speller. The first tests of the system show that a selection time of 5 seconds per command can be achieved. The time delay between the user’s selection and the system response has been estimated at 343 µs.</span>

scholarly journals Real-time in vivo imaging of regional lung function in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis on a laboratory X-ray source

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhiannon P. Murrie ◽  
Freda Werdiger ◽  
Martin Donnelley ◽  
Yu-wei Lin ◽  
Richard P. Carnibella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regional Lung Function ◽  
Regional Lung

Real-time in vivo imaging by high-speed spectral optical coherence tomography

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Wojtkowski ◽  
Tomasz Bajraszewski ◽  
Piotr Targowski ◽  
Andrzej Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Real Time ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Spectral Optical Coherence Tomography

scholarly journals Bifrost: A Python/C++ Framework for High-Throughput Stream Processing in Astronomy

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles D. Cranmer ◽  
Benjamin R. Barsdell ◽  
Danny C. Price ◽  
Jayce Dowell ◽  
Hugh Garsden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Data Transport ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Real Time Data Processing ◽  
High Level

Radio astronomy observatories with high throughput back end instruments require real-time data processing. While computing hardware continues to advance rapidly, development of real-time processing pipelines remains difficult and time-consuming, which can limit scientific productivity. Motivated by this, we have developed Bifrost: an open-source software framework for rapid pipeline development. (a) Bifrost combines a high-level Python interface with highly efficient reconfigurable data transport and a library of computing blocks for CPU and GPU processing. The framework is generalizable, but initially it emphasizes the needs of high-throughput radio astronomy pipelines, such as the ability to process data buffers as if they were continuous streams, the capacity to partition processing into distinct data sequences (e.g. separate observations), and the ability to extract specific intervals from buffered data. Computing blocks in the library are designed for applications such as interferometry, pulsar dedispersion and timing, and transient search pipelines. We describe the design and implementation of the Bifrost framework and demonstrate its use as the backbone in the correlation and beamforming back end of the Long Wavelength Array (LWA) station in the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, NM.

scholarly journals High-Speed, High-Performance Real-Time Imaging of Physiological Sarcomere Dynamics in the Beating Mouse Heart in Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 463a
Author(s):  
Fuyu Kobirumaki-Shimozawa ◽  
Kotaro Oyama ◽  
Togo Shimozawa ◽  
Takashi Ohki ◽  
Takako Terui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Real Time Imaging ◽  
Sarcomere Dynamics

A Real-Time Hard X-Ray Tomographic System Designed for HL-2A Fast Electron Bremsstrahlung Radiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fast Electron ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Lower Hybrid ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Bremsstrahlung Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Real ◽  
Electron Bremsstrahlung ◽  
Plasma State

Abstract A real-time hard X-ray (HXR) tomographic system is designed for HL-2A tokamak, which is dedicated to the real-time tomography of fast electron bremsstrahlung radiation during the lower hybrid (LH) driven mode within the energy range of 20keV to 200keV. This system has realized the investigation of HXR energy from 12 different chords on the equatorial plane of the reaction region. The spatial and temporal resolutions of the system are 2cm and 10ms, separately. HXR detection is accomplished by a self-designed detector array, with a structure of 12 arc arranged cadmium telluride (CdTe) semiconductors and their corresponding collimators. The real-time HXR acquisition and processing is achieved by the main electronic system, which is comprised of a high speed analog-to-digital module and a high performance signal processing unit. Due to high HXR flux and the real-time demand in measurement, the HXR tomography is accomplished by several customized digital processing algorithms based on FPGA logic resources, such as the digital real-time spectrum measurement, the trapezoidal shaper, the pile up filter, and the baseline restorer, etc. This system has been proved to be qualified as a dependable platform of fast electron bremsstrahlung radiation research during LH mode on HL-2A, which provides indispensable parameters for plasma state during fusion reaction.

scholarly journals 4D imaging of sub-second dynamics in pore-scale processes using real time synchrotron x-ray tomography

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Dobson ◽  
Sophia B. Coban ◽  
Sam A. McDonald ◽  
Joanna Walsh ◽  
Robert Atwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Motion Blur ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Pore Scale ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Situ Experiments

Abstract. A variable volume flow cell has been integrated with state-of-the-art ultra-high speed synchrotron x-ray tomography imaging. The combination allows the first real time (sub-second) capture of dynamic pore (micron) scale fluid transport processes in 4D (3D + time). With 3D data volumes acquired at up to 20 Hz, we perform in situ experiments that capture high frequency pore-scale dynamics in 5–25 mm diameter samples with voxel (3D equivalent of a pixel) resolution of 2.5 to 3.8 µm. The data are free from motion artefacts, can be spatially registered or collected in the same orientation making them suitable for detailed quantitative analysis of the dynamic fluid distribution pathways and processes. The method presented here are capable of capturing a wide range of high frequency non equilibrium pore-scale processed including wetting, dilution, mixing and reaction phenomena, without sacrificing significant spatial resolution. As well as fast streaming (continuous acquisition) at 20 Hz, it also allows larger-scale and longer term experimental runs to be sampled intermittently at lower frequency (time-lapse imaging); benefiting from fast image acquisition rates to prevent motion blur in highly dynamic systems. This marks a major technical breakthrough for quantification of high frequency pore scale processes: processes that are critical for developing and validating more accurate multiscale flow models through spatially and temporally heterogeneous pore networks.

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