Participatory design for ontologies: a case study of an open science ontology for qualitative coding schemas

PurposeThe open science movement calls for transparent and retraceable research processes. While infrastructures to support these practices in qualitative research are lacking, the design needs to consider different approaches and workflows. The paper bases on the definition of ontologies as shared conceptualizations of knowledge (Borst, 1999). The authors argue that participatory design is a good way to create these shared conceptualizations by giving domain experts and future users a voice in the design process via interviews, workshops and observations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a novel approach for creating ontologies in the field of open science using participatory design. As a case study the creation of an ontology for qualitative coding schemas is presented. Coding schemas are an important result of qualitative research, and reuse can yield great potential for open science making qualitative research more transparent, enhance sharing of coding schemas and teaching of qualitative methods. The participatory design process consisted of three parts: a requirement analysis using interviews and an observation, a design phase accompanied by interviews and an evaluation phase based on user tests as well as interviews.FindingsThe research showed several positive outcomes due to participatory design: higher commitment of users, mutual learning, high quality feedback and better quality of the ontology. However, there are two obstacles in this approach: First, contradictive answers by the interviewees, which needs to be balanced; second, this approach takes more time due to interview planning and analysis.Practical implicationsThe implication of the paper is in the long run to decentralize the design of open science infrastructures and to involve parties affected on several levels.Originality/valueIn ontology design, several methods exist by using user-centered design or participatory design doing workshops. In this paper, the authors outline the potentials for participatory design using mainly interviews in creating an ontology for open science. The authors focus on close contact to researchers in order to build the ontology upon the expert's knowledge.

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Cooperative Structure and Roles of Participants in Participatory Design Process of Underdeveloped Residence Revitalization Policy With a case study on 169 Klushuizen Residential Project

The Korean Association of Urban Policies ◽

10.21447/jup.2018.9.3.49 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 49-70

Author(s):

Soae Lee ◽

Jung Bin Kim

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Participatory Design

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come_NET

10.1093/oso/9780198733249.003.0013 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Konstantin Aal ◽

Anne Weibert ◽

Kai Schubert ◽

Mary-Ann Sprenger ◽

Thomas Von Rekowski

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Design Process ◽

Participatory Design ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Design And Implementation ◽

Neighborhood Contexts ◽

Study Results ◽

Computer Club ◽

Close Cooperation

The case study presented in this chapter discusses the design and implementation of an online platform, “come_NET,” in the context of intercultural computer clubs in Germany. This tool was built in close cooperation with the children and adult computer club participants. It was designed to foster the sharing of ideas and experiences across distances, support collaboration, and make skills and expertise accessible to others in the local neighborhood contexts. In particular, the participatory-design process involving the children in the computer clubs fostered a profound understanding of the platform structure and functionalities. The study results show how younger children in particular were able to benefit, as the closed nature of the platform enabled them to gather experience as users of social media, but in a safe and controlled environment.

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Participatory design of healthcare technology with children

International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance ◽

10.1108/ijhcqa-11-2016-0162 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 20-27

Author(s):

Tara Sims

Keyword(s):

Product Design ◽

Design Process ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Participatory Design ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Design Research ◽

Content Type ◽

Upper Limb Prostheses ◽

Sociocultural Approach ◽

Design Skills

Purpose There are many frameworks and methods for involving children in design research. Human-Computer Interaction provides rich methods for involving children when designing technologies. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines various approaches to involving children in design, considering whether users view children as study objects or active participants. Findings The BRIDGE method is a sociocultural approach to product design that views children as active participants, enabling them to contribute to the design process as competent and resourceful partners. An example is provided, in which BRIDGE was successfully applied to developing upper limb prostheses with children. Originality/value Approaching design in this way can provide children with opportunities to develop social, academic and design skills and to develop autonomy.

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An Interactive Tool for the Participatory Design of Product Interface

Volume 2: 32nd Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2012-71097 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Loris Barbieri ◽

Agostino Angilica ◽

Fabio Bruno ◽

Maurizio Muzzupappa

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

User Interfaces ◽

Participatory Design ◽

Mixed Reality ◽

End Users ◽

User Centered Design ◽

Accurate Analysis ◽

Usability Tests ◽

Interactive Tool ◽

Novel Approach

The importance of participatory design (PD) is progressively increasing thanks to its capacity to explore a wide variety of concepts, thus increasing the opportunity to create a successful product. In fact the design process should not be a solo activity, as designers often need inputs and other points of view, especially from end-users. According to the ultimate idea of PD, end-users are actively involved in the various activities of the product development to ensure that their needs and desires are satisfied. This paper presents a novel approach to the participatory design of product interfaces in a user-centered design (UCD) process. The approach is based on an interactive tool that allows end-users to design custom user interfaces of household appliances taking advantage of their own needs and experiences. The tool incorporates the analytical and more abstract knowledge of the designers codified in the form of aesthetical, technological and manufacturing constraints (i.e., limitations in the number and geometry of interface components, a limited number of colors, a discretization of the area where interface widgets are placed). This solution allows the end-users to directly design their favorite interface without the interference of any other subject. Through an accurate analysis of the choices done by the users, the designers are able to access to the deepest level of the users’ expression in order to catch their latent needs and tacit knowledge. The tool has been designed in order to make possible to immediately perform usability tests on the designed interface by using a Mixed Reality prototype. The paper describes the development of the tool and proposes a methodology that has been specifically addressed to include this tool in a design process based on UCD principles. Both the tool and the methodology are presented through the description of a case-study related to the redesign of a washing machine dashboard. Experimental results show that the proposed tool can be an effective support to design product interfaces during PD sessions.

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Developing an effective renovation plan: the influence of data collection tools

International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation ◽

10.1108/ijbpa-09-2017-0035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 63-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Edoghogho Ogbeifun ◽

Charles Mbohwa ◽

Jan-Harm Christiaan Pretorius

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Collection ◽

Single Case ◽

Education Institution ◽

Condition Index ◽

Facilities Management ◽

Content Type ◽

History Of

Purpose All built facility begins to show signs of deterioration immediately after the facility is completed and put to use, thus necessitating routine maintenance. Increase in defects due to age, usage, and other factors, requires extensive maintenance activities known as renovation. The data used for a typical renovation plan can be collected using the condition assessment (CA) tool which depends on physical inspection of the defects or through a facility condition index which hinges on harnessing and analyzing the information in the operational history of the facility. The purpose of this paper is to examine the quality of a typical renovation plan using both tools. Design/methodology/approach The single case study of qualitative research was adopted. The data were collected through the principle of semi-structured questionnaire complemented with interviews and document analysis. The documents include periodic operational reports and a CA report used for planned renovation exercise of the Facilities Management (FM) Unit in a higher education institution in South Africa. Findings The findings revealed that although the FM Unit produces periodic reports, but there was no evidence of detailed analysis of the reports. Therefore, the programmed renovation exercises are based purely on the information from a CA. Research limitations/implications This research is a single site case study of qualitative research; the data collected are limited and not sufficient for generalization of the results. Furthermore, the lack of record of the analysis of the operational history in the periodic reports negatively affected the computation of facilities condition index (FCI). Thus it was not possible to demonstrate the strength of FCI over CA from empirical information. Originality/value The quality of a typical renovation plan is influenced by the tool used for data collection. Although the CA tool is commonly used, experience shows that the renovation exercise developed from such records is prone to many execution setbacks, such as frequent scope changes and the associated cost and time overruns. These setbacks can be minimized if the FCI is used as the tool for data collection.

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LHF Connect: a DIY telepresence robot against COVID-19

Strategic Design Research Journal ◽

10.4013/sdrj.2020.133.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 418-431

Author(s):

Maria Rosanna Fossati ◽

Manuel Giuseppe Catalano ◽

Marina Carbone ◽

Gianluca Lentini ◽

Danilo Caporale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Design Process ◽

Multidisciplinary Team ◽

End Users ◽

Design Approach ◽

User Centered Design ◽

Evaluating QualiCO: An Ontology to Facilitate Qualitative Methods Sharing to Support Open Science

10.21203/rs.3.rs-148261/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julian Hocker ◽

Taryn Bipat ◽

David W. McDonald ◽

Mark Zachry

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Qualitative Methods ◽

Task Performance ◽

Open Science ◽

Science Methods ◽

Time On Task ◽

Science Data ◽

Wide Range ◽

Improving Accuracy ◽

Qualitative Coding

Abstract Qualitative science methods have largely been omitted from discussions of open science. Platforms focused on qualitative science that support open science data and method sharing are rare. Sharing and exchanging coding schemas has great potential for supporting traceability in qualitative research as well as for facilitating the re-use of coding schemas. In this study, we describe and evaluate QualiCO, an ontology for qualitative coding schemas. QualiCO is designed to describe a wide range of qualitative coding schemas. Twenty qualitative researchers used QualiCO to complete two coding tasks. In our findings, we present task performance and interview data that focus participants’ attention on the ontology. Participants used QualiCO to complete the coding tasks, decreasing time on task, while improving accuracy, signifying that QualiCO enabled the reuse of qualitative coding schemas. Our discussion elaborates some issues that participants had and highlights how conceptual and prior practice frames their interpretation of how QualiCo can be used.

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Evaluating qualitative research in management accounting using the criteria of “convincingness”

Pacific Accounting Review ◽

10.1108/par-03-2016-0031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 43-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nizar Mohammad Alsharari ◽

Mohammed Al-Shboul

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Social Science ◽

Research Design ◽

Management Accounting ◽

Case Study Research ◽

Research Strategies ◽

Content Type ◽

Accounting Research ◽

Interpretive Case Study

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the knowledge claim of management accounting research using qualitative research methods, in particular, the interpretive case study, and its evaluation using “convincingness” criteria demonstrating the textual authenticity, plausibility and criticality of case study findings.Design/methodology/approachQualitative research in the management accounting field considers both context and function (Burchell et al., 1980). This study sets out the rationale for adopting qualitative methodologies such as interpretive case studies in which rich, contextual and detailed data were collected and analyzed (Miles and Huberman, 1994; Mason, 2002). Methodological issues related to research design, analysis and evaluation are discussed by drawing on frameworks of social science research design. The paper sets out the procedures of an interpretive case study essential to ensuring the procedural validity of research which can be evaluated more accurately using the criteria of “convincingness” rather than positivist measures of the reliability, validity of data and the generalization of results. Textual authenticity, plausibility and critical interpretation, and how these hallmarks of “convincingness” can reflect the procedural validity of accounting research are described.FindingsQualitative research strategies such as the interpretive case study, which consider the complex settings of accounting change and practice, are found to offer deep understandings and convincing explanations of accounting change. Affirming that accounting is firmly established as a social science, the paper finds that the authenticity, plausibility and criticality of research in this field.Research limitations/implicationsThe relevance of qualitative research to contemporary accounting research is considered as an effective method to explicate theory and inform practice, which suggests that new measures to evaluate related research are required to develop the potential of selected qualitative research methodologies in accounting domains.Originality/valueQualitative research in management accounting focuses on the interpretation of meanings found in people and organizations that are subject to the influence of contextual variables. Human attributes underpin accounting conventions and change resulting from continuous technological and regulatory advances. This paper’s comprehensive account of interpretive case study research emphasizes the significance of evaluative criteria that relate, beyond reliability, to the richness of the text. This, thus, encourages and supports new and emerging researchers to seek qualitatively coherent and critical interpretations in management accounting research.

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The methodological challenge of cross-national qualitative research

Qualitative Research Journal ◽

10.1108/qrj-07-2013-0046 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 373-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kirsten Martinus ◽

David Hedgcock

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Policy Research ◽

Research Process ◽

Comparative Case Study ◽

Case Study Methodology ◽

Content Type ◽

Qualitative Case Studies ◽

Research Findings ◽

Cross National

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the difficulties faced during the interview process in a cross-national qualitative comparative case study between Japan and Australia. It discusses the challenges in producing insightful data and preserving the integrity of findings when methodologies are influenced by different cultural and professional environments. Design/methodology/approach – The paper explores literature on cross-national qualitative research in the context of policy research as well as the philosophical and professional differences between Japan and Western countries (like Australia). It reflects on practical examples and strategies used by the researcher during the ethics and interview processes when adapting widely accepted qualitative case study methodology to suit the Japanese cultural and professional environment. Findings – The paper finds that linguistic, cultural, professional and philosophical differences between the countries challenged initial researcher assumptions that comparability between the case study regions would be maintained through the application of accepted methodologies and an “insider” status. It observes that the quest to generate rich and insightful data places the character and capability of the researcher as central in the research process. Originality/value – This paper provides practical examples and strategies for social science researchers using interview methods in Japan and Australian. It points to a need for further research on the ambiguous and elusive nature of the “insider” paradigm as well as the “comparability” of cross-national qualitative case studies when methodological “flexibility” is used to enrich and preserve the integrity of research findings.

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Toward an Egyptian managerial framework based on crowdsourcing for open innovation

American Journal of Business ◽

10.1108/ajb-08-2020-0126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Metwaly ◽

Ali ElKattan ◽

Menatalla Kaoud

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Case Studies ◽

Open Innovation ◽

Case Study Research ◽

Research Approach ◽

Content Type ◽

Daily Work ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

High Degree

PurposeThe purpose of the presented research paper is to explore the different aspects of crowdsourcing and its evolution over time. Supported by three different case studies, the research focuses on the different factors that affect crowdsourcing for open innovation. Moreover, the findings give us a proposed managerial framework to be considered when adopting crowdsourcing in addition to factors that proved its huge effect on crowdsourcing activities.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach for this research was the most convenient. It focuses on providing an in-depth understanding of the phenomena. Qualitative research represents the views and perspectives of the participants in a study besides it is driven by a desire to explain these events, through existing or emerging concepts (Yin, 2016). Adopting a case study research method that investigates a contemporary phenomenon (the “case”) in depth and within its real-world context, especially when the boundaries between phenomenon and context may not be evident (Yin, 2018) as in crowdsourcing based business model for open innovation.FindingsThe researchers presented the benefits and challenges when considering crowdsourcing establishing a managerial framework for open innovation. Additionally, the researchers identified the different factors that highly affect crowdsourcing proposing a model that can be used for adopting crowdsourcing. The research also presented insights about how crowdsourcing was introduced in the Egyptian market and how it evolved through the years.Research limitations/implicationsThe study had some limitations to be considered in the following work. Company X used crowdsourcing within a high degree of limitations and confidentially consequently, restricting the effects and results of crowdsourcing. Another limitation was that the study has been only qualitative, and the addition of the quantitative approach will numerically support the findings. Moreover, the research depended on the businesses only as of the source of information and neglected the crowd sample.Practical implicationsThe main aim of this study was to address the lack of research evidence on what it means to adopt crowdsourcing for open innovation in Egyptian firms. The authors have done so by adopting three case studies which enabled them to directly observe and report on the daily work of trust CEOs, with special attention to the practices. Whereby, these executives made themselves knowledgeable for all practical purposes, as dictated by their specific job. Accordingly, the first major contribution of the present research is that it provides much-needed empirical data on the actual practices of crowdsourcing in three Egyptian, yet international companies. Moreover, the results could be used as a guideline when considering crowdsourcing activities highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of such activities.Originality/valueThe paper discusses different perspectives of crowdsourcing presenting a new categorization for its types. Moreover, how these types have been used especially in the Egyptian market. On the other hand, the paper investigated and documented three different sized companies' experiences utilizing crowdsourcing for innovation. The collected information was used to suggest a new model by which companies can avoid the difficulties others had. Moreover, the research highlighted the benefits and challenges of using crowdsourcing for open innovation.

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