Development of accounting regulatory institutions in Libya (1951-2006)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Alferjani ◽  
Soheila Mirshekary ◽  
Steven Dellaportas ◽  
Dessalegn Getie Mihret ◽  
Ali Yaftian
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Accounting Regulation ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Regulatory Institutions ◽  
Political Economic

Purpose This study aims to explain the driving forces behind the development of accounting regulatory institutions in post-colonial Libya. Design/methodology/approach The historical method is used to interpret relevant documentary evidence in the development of accounting in Libya vis-à-vis developments in the country’s post-colonial political-economic history. Findings The development of accounting regulation in Libya is traced to post-colonial political-economic history that occurred independent of the country’s colonial past. The immediate aftermath of colonialism (1951-1968) showed that Western accounting practices used by Western businesses operating in Libya were imbued by pro-Western ideology. Basic legislative requirements for accounting and auditing emerged during this period through legislation. Two distinct epochs surfaced during Muammar Gaddafi’s rule: initially, the state advocated a centrally planned economy, but in the 1980s, an ideological shift occurred, which opened the Libyan economy to the global market. The first epoch saw the formation of accounting regulatory agencies consistent with the state-centred organisation of society, and the second epoch engendered the development of accounting standards consistent with the developments in market-centred societies during the era of globalisation. Originality/value The study offers unique historical evidence on the development of accounting regulation in a developing country independent of its colonial history. The study enhances our understanding of how the interplay between the political economy and the ideological basis of the state determines the historical path of accounting as a basis for predicting the possible future direction of accounting development.

scholarly journals THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA (1858-1947)

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirthankar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
European Expansion ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTInterpretations of the role of the state in economic change in colonial (1858-1947) and post-colonial India (1947-) tend to presume that the colonial was an exploitative and the post-colonial a developmental state. This article shows that the opposition does not work well as a framework for economic history. The differences between the two states lay elsewhere than in the drive to exploit Indian resources by a foreign power. The difference was that British colonial policy was framed with reference to global market integration, whereas post-colonial policy was framed with reference to nationalism. The article applies this lesson to reread the economic effects of the two types of state, and reflects on ongoing debates in the global history of European expansion.

Party plenum strengthens Xi’s grip on China

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Senior Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Economic

Subject The Communist Party's recent Fourth Plenum meeting. Significance The Communist Party concluded a five-day meeting of senior leaders on October 31. The meeting, called the ‘Fourth Plenum’, focused on institutional and intra-Party affairs. Press statements that followed were short on policy detail, but the meeting appears to have reaffirmed President Xi Jinping's efforts to place the Party and its ideology at the centre of China's political, economic and social life. Impacts Xi’s grip on the Party appears unassailable. There are no signs of Xi lining up a successor; he looks likely to remain leader for a third term. There are no indications that Beijing will compromise on US demands to reduce the role of the state in industry.

The possibilities of community redevelopment with Islamic finance

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-273
Author(s):  
Daniel Hummel ◽  
Ayesha Tahir Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tax Increment Financing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of a profit and loss sharing approach to tax increment financing (TIF) districts in the USA. Design/methodology/approach A survey based on this approach was distributed to representatives of community redevelopment authorities (CRAs) in the State of Florida to ascertain practitioner feedback. Findings Although a majority of the respondents did not feel it was possible for political, economic and legal reasons, some did feel that it was a practical, reasonable and sustainable approach to financing projects for economic development. Some responses were correlated, with others indicating that certain beliefs framed their answers to the questions. Research limitations/implications The surveys were only distributed to CRAs in the State of Florida. Future research will need to include other CRAs in other states to make the findings more generalizable. In addition, the results are merely descriptive and are not an assessment of a successful application. Practical implications The need for more development in blighted areas of many cities across the USA will put emphasis on innovative approaches in financing this. The growth of Islamic finance in the USA and the regulatory framework for it might open a doorway for its application in this area. Originality/value This is the first attempt to apply an Islamic financing methodology to local economic development in the USA, with practitioner feedback.

Survival of Islamic education in a secular state: the madrasah in Singapore

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor ◽  
Nurhanisah Senin ◽  
Khadijah Mohd Khambali Hambali ◽  
Asyiqin Ab Halim
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Library Research

Purpose This paper attempts to explore the transformations taken by madrasah, especially in preparing students both in religious and academic field. Besides, this paper aims to demonstrate measures taken by madrasah in instilling the religious and racial cohesion far from conservatism and extremism that has always been labeled to their students. Design/methodology/approach This paper is qualitative in nature. It is a library research and uses historical method in collecting the data. Some relevant literatures and data have been analyzed and presented in this paper. Findings Madrasah in Singapore has always been perceived in a negative nuance because of its ineffectiveness and irrelevant roles in economic building. The conservative and traditional madrasah education system is also seen to impede Singapore’s religious and racial cohesion. The struggle increases prior to the implementation of compulsory education (CE) policy in 2001, where madrasah was almost forced to closure. Originality/value Islamic education in Singapore can be observed evolving through three phases: colonial period where it adopted the secular system, post-colonial with the traditional system and, currently, the transformation period with its integrated syllabus.

Industrial relations in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Czarzasty ◽  
Adam Mrozowicki
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Political Economic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the interrelations between the evolution of industrial relations (IR) and IR research in Poland in the historical context. Two questions are put forward: How was the evolution of the IR system in Poland influenced by the re-constitution of a particular model of the capitalism and the strategies and struggle of IR actors? How were the ways of approaching and theorizing IR influenced by the aforementioned evolution? Design/methodology/approach The paper draws upon academic literature, secondary data on actors and processes of IR as well as four expert interviews with the representatives of the first generation of IR scholars in Poland. Findings The paper suggests that the development of the IR system and the related scholarship can be divided into three phases: the pre-1989 period characterised by the lack of autonomous interests representation and rather limited IR research; the early development of the post-1989 IR system marked by the debates on the integrative role of IR as peacekeeping mechanism in the period of deep economic and political changes (1989-2004); the post-EU accession consolidation of the IR system characterised by the weakness of the IR actors vis-à-vis the state and increasing neo-etatist tendencies. Originality/value This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the relationships between the emergent models of Eastern European capitalism and the evolution of IR systems. It critically analyses the state of the discussion on the IR field Poland emphasising the relevance of political-economic factors as well as the ideology of “social peace” for both the evolution of the IR system in the country and the state of the IR debate.

Neoliberalism

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Moral Virtue ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Political Economic

Neoliberalism as a political economic philosophy emerged from a long history of over fifty years of debate within a transnational “thought collective” of scholars, think tank researchers, business and political leaders, and journalists most notably associated with the Mont Pèlerin Society (see Mirowski and Plehwe 2015 under Historical Works). Over time, their deliberations resulted in principles and associated policy instruments designed to produce and protect a stable global market. Key tenets of neoliberalism include an emphasis on competition, free trade, flexible labor, the reorganization of the state based on techno-managerial approaches to governance, the privatization of state enterprises, the legal protection of property rights, and the moral virtue of self-governance based in individual freedom and “choice.” These principles crystallized in the “free-market revolution” of the 1980s that followed the global macroeconomic crises of the late 1970s. Neoliberal doctrines were embraced and enshrined in Ronald Reagan’s and Margaret Thatcher’s national policies and in “Washington Consensus” development strategies, which the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank introduced worldwide. The “triumph of global capitalism” after the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the Soviet Union in 1991 further fueled the global circulation and influence of market fundamentalist principles, policies, and projects as well as the anthropological study of these transformations. The concept of neoliberalism has been ubiquitous in anthropological research for nearly thirty years. This bibliography, then, is necessarily selective, presenting only a sampling of work representing central approaches and key topics found in this literature. What is most evident, perhaps, across this vast body of work is the absence of a single definition of or referent for neoliberalism as well as a lack of consensus on what an “anthropology of neoliberalism” might entail. The term neoliberal often appears in anthropological work, not as an object of analysis, but rather as a label marking a historical period (i.e., the neoliberal era). As an object of study, neoliberalism can variously refer to an ideology, policy, or form of governance that elevates the role of the market in relation to the state in political economic processes and approaches to reform. The concept “neoliberalization” captures the dynamic and unfinished nature of neoliberal projects. Given controversies over the concept’s analytic value as well as conflicting ideological assessments of neoliberal reforms, some anthropologists avoid the concept altogether, using terms such as late capitalism or advanced capitalism in analyzing similar phenomena.

Positioning construction workers' vocational training of Guangdong in the global political-economic spectrum of skill formation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Pan ◽  
Le Chen ◽  
Wenting Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Skill Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Political Economic

PurposeThis paper explores the vocational training of construction workers in Guangdong Province of China and identifies its position in the global political-economic spectrum of skill formation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews construction vocational education and training (VET) of major political economies to develop a theoretical framework that guides an in-depth case study of Guangdong. Document analysis, field trip observations, meetings and semi-structured interviews were combined to explore the political-economic environment, political stakeholders and quality assurance mechanisms of industrial training in Guangdong's construction sector. The findings were compared with construction VET of other economies reported in the literature.FindingsConstruction training in Guangdong is deeply rooted in the local history and culture, under strong dominance of the state, while continually evolves to respond to the fluid market and therefore can be conceptualised as “market-in-state”. The political stakeholders are embedded within the state to ensure that skills policies are implemented in-line with industry policies. The differences between the training of Guangdong and its foreign counterparts are attributed to their divergent political-economic models.Research limitations/implicationsAs the case study was undertaken only with Guangdong, the generalisability of its findings can be improved through future research within a broader context of multiple provinces of China through both qualitative and quantitative research approaches.Practical implicationsPlausible foreign VET approaches are likely adaptable to the Chinese context only when conducive political-economic environment could be enabled. The findings are useful for developing countries to learn from the VET experience of industrialised economies. Construction workers' training in Guangdong can be improved by strengthening labour regulation at lower subcontracting levels and ensuring the presence of industrial associations and unions for collective training supervision.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the field of construction engineering and management with a theoretical framework that guides empirical studies on the influence of the political-economic environment upon the ways political stakeholders develop and participate in construction VET. The exploration based on this framework revealed the position of the vocational training of construction workers in Guangdong in the global political-economic spectrum of skill formation.

Political Economy of the Greening of the State

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
The State ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Green State ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Radical Transformation

Two different general claims have been made about large-scale political transformations produced by responses to environmental change. One is the claim that we are witnessing the potential emergence of a “green state,” where states internalize an ecological function as a core state imperative. Another is that we are undergoing a transition to an “environmental state.” The former claim thus envisages a radical transformation and its theory of the state based on historical sociology, while the latter is more skeptical about the capacity of states to undergo radical transformation, being informed by neo-Marxist accounts of the state. This chapter uses responses to climate change—a key test case for claims about large-scale political transformation—to suggest that some substantial transformations in the state are occurring, but that the driving forces are indeed political–economic and thus existing accounts of the “green state” need to be reformulated in this light.

scholarly journals The Problems with Reimagining Public Media in the Context of Global South

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Global South ◽  
The State ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Media System ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper puts forward a case from the global south into the discussion of public media. It pays particular attention to Bangladesh, an epicenter of a thriving media system in South Asia. From a political economic perspective in this paper I ask: can the state broadcaster BTV be a public media? Based on a combination of methods including in-depth interviews and document analysis, I locate four problematic areas including political instrumentalization, commercialization, struggle for autonomy, and contradictory policy responses – all which impede BTV’s ability to perform as a public media. I argue that this inability has to be understood not as a failure of the state but as a result of colonial legacy, post-colonial transformation, as well as a derivative of neoliberal market-orientation of communications in the global South.

IFRS adoption and accounting regulation in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-677
Author(s):  
Yitayew Mihret Wagaw ◽  
Dessalegn Getie Mihret ◽  
Degefe Duressa Obo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Regulation ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Regulatory Landscape

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine international financial reporting standards (IFRSs) adoption in Ethiopia to explain transnational political-economic antecedents of this change and its associated consequences on the regulatory landscape of accounting. Design/methodology/approach Using a neo-Gramscian theory of globalization and the state, the study examines interview and document review evidence pertaining to IFRS adoption in Ethiopia by focusing on the period from 1991 to 2014. Findings The study illustrates that a dialectical rather than deterministic interaction between global and national forces explains IFRS adoption in Ethiopia, i.e. IFRS adoption falls within the broader scheme of universalizing regulatory institutions in the globalizing world economy. Compared to the commonly understood trends of IFRS adoption circumscribed within a pre-existing regulatory framework, this study illustrates IFRS adoption as a primary driver of major reforms to the accounting regulatory landscape. Originality/value This study contributes original theoretically grounded insights into the transnational political-economic rationale for IFRS adoption and consequences of the adoption on the accounting regulatory landscape.

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