Optimal design of spoke type motor and magnetizer using FEM and RSM

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 730-739
Author(s):  
Young Hyun Kim ◽  
Jung Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Type Motor

PurposeThis study aims to propose criteria for both optimal-shape and magnetizer-system designs to be used for a high-output spoke-type motor. The study also examines methods of reducing high-cogging torque and torque ripple, to prevent noise and vibration.Design/methodology/approachThe optimal design of the stator and rotor can be enhanced using both a response surface method (RSM) and finite element method (FEM). In addition, a magnetizer system is optimally designed for the magnetization of permanent magnets for use in the motor.FindingsThe criteria not only improve performance but also reduce manufacturing costs. The criteria are verified FEM together with an RSM. These methods are used to optimize the stator and rotor shape and the magnetization system. These methods allow us to produce an efficient system for mass production of the motor.Originality/valueThis study proposed a design method that uses rare earth magnets in a system to replace the spoke-type IPM. To verify the optimal design, torque characteristics were analysed using FEM and RSM. Excellent results were achieved regarding the reduction of cogging torque and torque ripple. In addition, the design of the magnetizer enables a cost-effective mass production system for the motor.

A new optimal design of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors with integral slot per pole

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Behrooz Rezaeealam ◽  
Farhad Rezaee-Alam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Synchronous Motors ◽  
Air Gap Magnetic Field

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a new optimal design for integral slot permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) to shape the air-gap magnetic field in sinusoidal and to reduce the cogging torque, simultaneously. Design/methodology/approach For obtaining this new optimal design, the influence of different magnetizations of permanent magnets (PMs), including radial, parallel and halbach magnetization is investigated on the performance of one typical PMSM by using the conformal mapping (CM) method. To reduce the cogging torque even more, the technique of slot opening shift is also implemented on the stator slots of analyzed PMSM without reduction in the main performance, including the air-gap magnetic field, the average torque and back-electromotive force (back-EMF). Findings Finally, an optimal configuration including the Hat-type magnet poles with halbach magnetization on the rotor and shifted slot openings on the stator is obtained through the CM method, which shows the main reduction in cogging torque and the harmonic content of air-gap magnetic field. Practical implications The obtained optimal design is completely practical and is validated by comparing with the corresponding results obtained through finite element method. Originality/value This paper presents a new optimal design for integral slot PMSMs, which can include different design considerations, such as the reduction of cogging torque and the total harmonic distortion of air-gap magnetic field by using the CM method.

Design and Analysis of Automotive Bumper Covers in Transient Loading Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 715 ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Hsing Liu ◽  
Ying Chia Huang ◽  
Chen Hua Chiu ◽  
Yu Cheng Lai ◽  
Tzu Yang Pai
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Guideline

This paper presents the analysis methods for design of automotive bumper covers. The bumper covers are plastic structures attached to the front and rear ends of an automobile and are expected to absorb energy in a minor collision. One requirement in design of the bumper covers is to minimize the bumper deflection within a limited range under specific loadings at specific locations based on the design guideline. To investigate the stiffness performance under various loading conditions, a numerical model based on the explicit dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) using the commercial FEA solver, LS-DYNA, is developed to analyze the design. The experimental tests are also carried out to verify the numerical model. The thickness of the bumper cover is a design variable which usually varies from 3 to 4 mm depending on locations. To improve the stiffness of the bumper, an optimal design for the bumper under a pre-defined loading condition is identified by using the topology optimization approach, which is an optimal design method to obtain the optimal layout of an initial design domain under specific boundary conditions. The outcome of this study provides an efficient and cost-effective method to predict and improve the design of automotive bumper covers.

scholarly journals Yokeless Axial Flux Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnets Machine Rotor Parameters Influence on Torque and Back-Emf

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3418
Author(s):  
Stanisław J. Hajnrych ◽  
Rafał Jakubowski ◽  
Jan Szczypior
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Electric Machine ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Flux Surface ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
3D Fea ◽  
The Common

The paper presents the results of a 3D FEA simulations series of a dual air gap Axial Flux (AF) electric machine with Surface-Mounted Permanent magnets (SPM) with parameterized rotor geometry. Pole number and pole span influence on back-emf, as well as cogging and ideal electromagnetic torques angular characteristics were investigated for each model with the common segmented yokeless stator with concentric windings. Synchronous and BLDC drives supply were used to estimate back-emf distortion. Ideal torque ripple and cogging torque spectra were analyzed. It was concluded that the number of poles closer to the number of slots with ~0.8 pole span tends to yield good torque density with the lowest cogging torque, back-emf distortion and ideal torque ripple.

Sinusoidal PWM Techniques in Rotor Pole Segmentation to Reduce Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Torque Ripple

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khristian M. de Andrade Jr ◽  
Hugo E. Santos ◽  
Wellington M. Vilela, ◽  
Geyverson T. de Paula
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cogging Torque ◽  
Torque Ripple Reduction ◽  
Rotor Poles ◽  
Rotor Pole ◽  
Ripple Reduction ◽  
Torque Ripples

Torque ripples can cause mechanical stress in electrical machines, among otherproblems. The present paper proposes three methods to reduce these ripples in the permanent magnets synchronous machine considering rotor poles design. These methods consist in segmenting the rotor poles, with width and distances between segments obtained by SPWM techniques. The modulating wave is a sinwave which has the same frequency as the air gap flux density fundamental harmonic. Method 1 contemplates the unipolar SPWM technique, whereas methods 1 and 2 used the bipolar SWPM technique. Furthermore, the equations used to predict the cogging torque behavior are presented and verified by means of a finite element analysis. The torque ripple reduction is achieved due to the elimination of back-electromotive force harmonics and the decrease in the cogging torque peak. Method 1 has proved to be the most effective, reducing the torque ripple by 51.38% and 76.61% for the 4-pole and 8-pole machines, respectively. In addition, the magnet volume utilized has been reduced by 22.55% for the 4-pole machine, but the average torque value has been reduced by 18.7%. It is worth mentioning that the proposed methods do not require skewing to reduce the torque ripple.

scholarly journals Optimal Design of Gearless Flux-Switching Generator with Ferrite Permanent Magnets

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Prakht ◽  
Vladimir Dmitrievskii ◽  
Vadim Kazakbaev
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Load Profile ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Optimization Function ◽  
Generator Design

In this paper, the optimal design of the Flux-Switching Generator with ferrite magnets based on a two-mode substituting load profile for a gearless wind generator is considered. A one-criterion Nelder-Mead method is used to optimize the generator design. The optimization function is constructed mainly so as to minimize the average losses in the generator and the required AC–DC converter power. Also, the Flux-Switching Generator torque-ripple and the ferrite magnets volume are minimized. Using substituting profiles instead of initial ones reduces the calculation efforts substantially. The paper contains the analysis of the optimal design of the Flux-Switching Generator with ferrite magnets.

Fundamental characteristics and first prototype of a novel claw pole type half-wave rectified variable field flux motor

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Abe ◽  
Ryohei Ohba ◽  
Tsuyoshi Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Flux Method ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Variable Field ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Pole Type ◽  
Type Motor ◽  
Rotor Type

Purpose – Recently, considerable attention has been attracted to the development of the new concept motor for EV or HEV. Wider torque and speed controllable operating range and high efficiency under driving area are needed for traction motor. The purpose of this paper is to realize the new concept variable field flux motor with claw pole rotor and brushless robust structure for high-speed range. Design/methodology/approach – In the previous paper, the authors proposed a half-wave rectified brushless variable field flux method with a diode inserted into the field winding. This paper presents a designing for a novel claw pole rotor type motor using the variable field flux method (CP-HVFM). The claw pole type rotor has simple and robust structure for high-speed operation. This paper describes a first prototype design result for CP-HVFM using 3D-FEM. And the authors report the torque and efficiency characteristic results using 3D-FEM. Findings – The authors have studied the designing for CP-HVFM using 3D-FEM. The designed prototype CP-HVFM reached a rated power of 2 kW or more at a rated speed 1,800 rpm under design restrictions of experimental equipment and initial specifications. In addition, the authors found the ratio of the tip and root embrace of the claw pole shape for maximum average torque and minimum torque ripple. Finally, the authors revealed an influence of the armature current on the torque and the efficiency characteristic results for the designed prototype CP-HVFM using 3D-FEM. Originality/value – The half-wave rectified brushless variable field flux method proved to be effective for the claw pole rotor type motor. And also the authors found the best claw pole shape for torque characteristic. This results are applied to another concept motor for EV or HEV.

Optimal design of synchronous reluctance machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 1569-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiwei Cai ◽  
Bo Guan ◽  
Longya Xu ◽  
Woongchul Choi
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Torque Ripple ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Synchronous Reluctance Machine ◽  
Reluctance Machine ◽  
Interior Permanent Magnet ◽  
Ipm Machine ◽  
Lower Torque

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present optimally designed synchronous reluctance machine (SynRM) to demonstrate the feasibility of eliminating the use of rare earth permanent magnet (PM) in electric machine for vehicle traction applications. Design/methodology/approach – A typical rare earth interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine is used as the benchmark to conduct the optimal design study. Based on the flux distribution, major changes are made to the rotor lamination design. Enhanced torque production and lower torque ripple are specifically targeted as the two main objectives of the proposed design approach. Findings – As a result, the optimally designed SynRM can achieve performance very close to that of the benchmark PM machine with a potential for further improvement. Originality/value – Discussions of IPM replacement by optimally designed SynRM in electrical and hybrid electrical vehicles are given in terms of performance and cost.

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