scholarly journals Crime and punishment

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Goldman ◽  
Dylan Cooper ◽  
Tamar Kugler
Keyword(s):  
Racial Bias ◽  
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convicted Felons ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose A surprisingly large proportion of the working population of the USA consists of individuals with felony convictions. Moreover, the issue of employability of these individuals is compounded for minorities. This paper aims to present two experimental studies investigating whether minorities with felony backgrounds have a more difficult time being selected for employment than identically situated white applicants. The authors ground the paper in realistic group conflict theory. Results indicate discrimination is more acute against minorities with felony backgrounds than whites with the same background and shed light on the mechanisms leading to this discrimination. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Design/methodology/approach This paper involves two experimental studies involving working adults engaging with realistic survey situations using mTurk. Findings Results of both studies indicate discrimination is more acute against minorities with felony backgrounds than whites with the same background, and shed light on the mechanisms leading to this discrimination. Research limitations/implications One limitation of the methodology is that the authors used fictional candidates and jobs. This may have led to understating the effects of discrimination on minorities because it allowed applicants to answer in socially desirable ways (e.g. absent of racial bias) without suffering any of the anticipated negative consequences of actually hiring individuals about whom they hold negative stereotypes. Practical implications This research has several important implications for practice. First, organizations should be keenly aware of the potential for subtle and unconscious bias to affect the job application process even among well-intentioned hiring managers. Second, as the bias is often triggered by threats, organizations should share with their employees the nature of the threat involved with former felons. Social implications Organizations should deliberately address issues associated with the use of criminal background checks. For many organizations, a felony conviction in an applicant’s background automatically eliminates that person from employment. However, a substantial amount of the workforce now has a felony in their background. Indeed, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (2012) has issued guidelines that detail important factors that organizations should consider on a case-by-case basis when considering employment for former felons. Organizations may consider updating any blanket exclusions regarding the hiring of ex-felons – not only because it makes good policy but also because it may help the organization hire the best people. Originality/value This research studies an important – and growing – societal problem related to the hiring of convicted felons, and the related issue of racial discrimination that affects black convicted felons particularly hard. There has been very little work in the management area on this topic. Moreover, there has been very little work in all areas that includes experimental methods. The use of such methods is particularly useful to eliminate confounds found in field data.

Analysts’ optimism and stock crash risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-343
Author(s):  
Hyunkwon Cho ◽  
Robert Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether analysts’ optimism affects the stock crash risk. Design/methodology/approach The sample covers 49,246 firm-year observations for the period between 1995 and 2015. The authors use OLS regressions with firm and year fixed effects for analyses. Findings The study finds that there is a positive association between analysts’ optimism and stock crash risk. Such a positive impact is more pronounced for firms with opaque information environment and for analysts who are considered ex ante credible. Research limitations/implications The results indicate that analysts’ optimism can be an important source of stock crash risk. Practical implications The findings can be useful for informational users of analyst reports. Given that information provided by analysts might have negative consequences, the empirical results can be useful in assessing future stock return behaviors. Originality/value This paper has the potential to shed light on the large literature of crash risk. Prior studies suggest that crash is driven by the agency tension between shareholders and managers. It remains possible that crashes could be caused by overpriced stocks in the absence of bad news hoarding. The paper investigates crash from a perspective, financial analysts, that is underexplored.

Boomerang effect of incentive reminders during shopping trips

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-599
Author(s):  
Atul Kulkarni ◽  
Xin Cindy Wang ◽  
Hong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Boomerang Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Shopping Trips ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to examine the unintended negative effect of incentivizing shoppers to make unplanned purchases through incentive reminders during shopping trips. Design/methodology/approach Two experimental studies with between-subject designs were conducted to examine the effect of incentive reminders and related factors on abandonment intention. Findings When the search for unplanned purchases needed to reach promotional threshold fails, shoppers’ propensity to abandon a transaction increases if they are reminded of an incentive during their shopping trip. When the size of the planned purchases is relatively larger than the incentivized unplanned purchases, abandonment propensity is higher in response to reward type incentives, whereas when the size of the planned purchases is relatively smaller than the incentivized unplanned purchases, abandonment propensity is higher in response to avoidance type incentives. Research limitations/implications This research intersects and integrates several research domains, specifically transaction abandonment, promotional reactance, unplanned purchases and promotion framing. Practical implications Findings from this research help managers understand the possible negative consequences of incentive reminders and offer suggestions for decreasing shopper propensities to abandon transactions in response to incentive reminders aimed at increasing transaction sizes. Originality/value This is the first study to highlight (i) the possible effect of incentive reminders on transaction abandonment; (ii) the influence of the size of unplanned purchases and incentive types on abandonment; and (iii) the underlying roles of perceived value of planned purchases and fairness perceptions in abandonment.

Think about it – can portrayals of homosexuality in advertising prime consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Åkestam ◽  
Sara Rosengren ◽  
Micael Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Thought Listing ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can generate social effects in terms of consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy. Design/methodology/approach In three experimental studies, the effects of advertising portrayals of homosexuality were compared to advertising portrayals of heterosexuality. Study 1 uses a thought-listing exercise to explore whether portrayals of homosexuality (vs heterosexuality) can evoke more other-related thoughts and whether such portrayals affect consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy. Study 2 replicates the findings while introducing attitudes toward homosexuality as a boundary condition and measuring traditional advertising effects. Study 3 replicates the findings while controlling for gender, perceived similarity and targetedness. Findings The results show that portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can prime consumers to think about other people, thereby affecting them socially. In line with previous studies of portrayals of homosexuality in advertising, these effects are moderated by attitudes toward homosexuality. Research limitations/implications This paper adds to a growing body of literature on the potentially positive extended effects of advertising. They also challenge some of the previous findings regarding homosexuality in advertising. Practical implications The finding that portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can (at least, temporarily) affect consumers socially in terms of social connectedness and empathy should encourage marketers to explore the possibilities of creating advertising that benefits consumers and brands alike. Originality/value The paper challenges the idea that the extended effects of advertising have to be negative. By showing how portrayals of homosexuality can increase social connectedness and empathy, it adds to the discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of advertising on a societal level.

Investigating microblogging addiction tendency through the lens of uses and gratifications theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1228-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Xunhua Guo ◽  
Xue Bai ◽  
Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Uses And Gratifications ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Psychological Outcome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Drivers ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Considering the popularity and addictive attributes of microblogging, the purpose of this paper is to explore the key drivers of the microblogging addiction tendency, and to investigate the causal relationship between microblogging usage and addiction tendency through the lens of the uses and gratifications (U&G) theory. Design/methodology/approach By extending the U&G theory to accommodate the negative consequences of gratification, a research model that explains the relationships among microblogging use, gratification and addiction tendency was developed and empirically examined based on the data collected from 520 microblogging users in China. Findings The results showed that different types of microblogging use lead to different categories of gratification to different extents, while different categories of gratification play different roles in determining the level of addiction tendency. Specifically, the effect of content gratification on addiction is marginal, while social gratification has significant effects on all dimensions of addiction tendency. Originality/value The present study has both theoretical and practical implications. From a theoretical perspective, unlike many previous studies applied the U&G theory to explore the positive outcomes of media uses, this paper extends the U&G by including addiction tendency as a negative psychological outcome of U&G., resulting a research framework (use-gratification-addiction framework). Meanwhile, this paper contributes to the extending literature by examining the constructs of U&G at a granular level and investigated the causal relationship between “uses” and “gratifications.”

How to survive mistreatment by customers: employees’ work withdrawal and their coping resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-24
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Difficult Situations ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings A study of the emotional responses to mistreatment by customers in a Chinese hospital showed the negative consequences of their performance at work. The authors showed how workers tended to withdraw from difficult situations that left them in a state of emotional exhaustion. Both social support from colleagues and a conscientious attitude reduced the negative impacts. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Brand and retailer co-branding

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Michelle Childs ◽  
Byoungho Ellie Jin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Effect Study ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Perceived Fit ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Evaluations ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Limited Edition ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeMany fashion brands employ growth strategies that involve strategically aligning with a retailer to offer exclusive co-brands that vary in duration and perceived fit. While growth and publicity are enticing, pursuing collaboration may change consumers' evaluation of the brand. Utilising commodity and categorisation theory, this research tests how a brand may successfully approach a co-brand with a retailer.Design/methodology/approachThree experimental studies manipulate and test the effect of co-brand duration (limited edition vs ongoing) (Study 1), the degree of brand-retailer fit (high vs low) (Study 2), and its combined effect (Study 3) on changes in consumers' brand evaluation.FindingsResults reveal that consumers' evaluations of brands become more favourable when: (1) brand-retailer co-brand make products available on a limited edition (vs ongoing) basis (Study 1), (2) consumers perceive a high (vs low) degree of brand-retailer fit (Study 2) and (3) both conditions are true (Study 3).Research limitations/implicationsIn light of commodity and categorisation theory, this study helps to understand the effectiveness of a brand-retailer co-branding strategy.Practical implicationsTo increase brand evaluations, brands should engage in a limited edition strategy, rather than ongoing when collaborating with retailers. It is also important to select an appropriately fitting retailer for a strategic partnership when creating a co-brand.Originality/valueWhile previous studies highlight the importance of perceived fit upon extension, perceived fit between brand and retailer co-brand had yet to be investigated. Additionally, this research investigates changes in brand evaluations to more accurately understand how co-branding strategies impact the brand.

Industry 4.0 and digital supply chain capabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciel M. Queiroz ◽  
Susana Carla Farias Pereira ◽  
Renato Telles ◽  
Marcio C. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The Industry 4.0 phenomenon is bringing unprecedented disruptions for all traditional business models and hastening the need for a redesign and digitisation of activities. In this context, the literature concerning the digital supply chain (DSC) and its capabilities are in the early stages. To bridge this gap, the purpose of this paper is to propose a framework for digital supply chain capabilities (DSCCs). Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a narrative literature approach, based on the main Industry 4.0 elements, supply chain and the emerging literature concerning DSC disruptions, to build an integrative framework to shed light on DSCCs. Findings The study identifies seven basic capabilities that shape the DSCC framework and six main enabler technologies, derived from 13 propositions. Research limitations/implications The proposed framework can bring valuable insights for future research development, although it has not been tested yet. Practical implications Managers, practitioners and all involved in the digitalisation phenomenon can utilise the framework as a starting point for other business digitalisation projects. Originality/value This study contributes to advancing the DSC literature, providing a well-articulated discussion and a framework regarding the capabilities, as well as 13 propositions that can generate valuable insights for other studies.

Workplace cyberbullying and creativity: examining the roles of psychological distress and psychological capital

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masood Nawaz Kalyar ◽  
Munazza Saeed ◽  
Aydin Usta ◽  
Imran Shafique
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Stressors ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of workplace cyberbullying on creativity directly and through psychological distress. Furthermore, this study proposes that psychological capital (PsyCap) buffers the harmful effects of workplace cyberbullying on psychological distress and creativity. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected in two waves from 329 nurses working in four large public hospitals located in a metropolitan city of Pakistan. The data were analyzed through PROCESS (Model 8) using SPSS. Findings The results demonstrate that cyberbullying negatively affects creativity through increased psychological distress. The findings also explicate that PsyCap moderates the effects of cyberbullying on psychological distress such that the link was weak (vs strong) for those (victims) who had high (vs low) PsyCap. Practical implications This study recommends management to develop and promote PsyCap among employees because these positive resources help them to regulate their emotions and cognition to overcome negative consequences of cyberbullying and other workplace stressors. Originality/value Psychological distress as an underlying mechanism between cyberbullying and creativity as well as buffering effect of PsyCap is the novelty of the study.

How do relational variables affect export performance? Evidence from Malaysian exporters

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Hafiez Ali Hasaballah ◽  
Omer Faruk Genc ◽  
Osman Bin Mohamad ◽  
Zafar U. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Shed Light

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the influences of relational variables on export performance and the interactions among relational variables in the emerging market context of Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a mail questionnaire sent to Malaysian companies that export to Arab-speaking countries and achieved a response rate of 27.92 percent, resulting in a sample of 106 exporters.FindingsThe results of the path analyses indicate a positive impact of relational variables (adaptation, cooperation and communication) on export performance. However, the authors found that the impact was mediated by trust and commitment, rather than being direct.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that the impact of relational variables on export performance is complex and indirect. Mediators and moderators play important roles in this relationship.Practical implicationsFirms should invest in export relationships with the aim of building trust and commitment, which are the primary factors that affect export performance.Originality/valueThe authors have shed light on the way relational variables affect export performance. Moreover, this study contributes to a better understanding of small emerging markets, which are poorly represented in studies in this field.

Eliciting positive social change: marketing’s capacity to drive prosocial behaviours

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 826-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aron O'Cass ◽  
Deborah Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Prosocial Behaviours ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – While social marketing has been utilised to bring about positive social change, ultimately, the decision to engage in prosocial behaviour resides with the individual. The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants and outcomes of prosocial behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – A web-based self-administered survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of largely university staff and students. Data obtained were analysed using SEM-based partial least squares methodology. Findings – The results show that individuals who are future oriented and issue involved are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviour. Also, these individuals are more likely to assess fewer negative consequences and experience more positive feelings as a result of their prosocial behaviour. Research limitations/implications – While the study focuses on two social issues, it does provide some explanation of self-reported behaviour, rather than intention to behave. However, future research could pay attention to a wider array of social issues and undertake post hoc testing to measure the characteristics of the chosen social issues. This may enhance findings, and provide greater support for the generalisability of the model. Also, future research could be directed towards the examining the role of perceived risk and feelings as an outcome of behaviour. Practical implications – A better understanding of the prosocial individual can assist in designing more effective social marketing campaigns. In particular, focusing on positive feelings as a result of engaging in prosocial behaviour has practical implications. Originality/value – Little attention has been given in the marketing and consumer behaviour literature to understanding the prosocial individual. To this end, this research empirically tests a model of prosocial behaviour for two social issues that integrates determinants (social responsibility, time orientation and issue involvement) and outcomes (assessment of negative consequences and feelings). Moreover, the results highlight that positive feelings are a significant outcome of prosocial behaviour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document