The scale of school organizational culture in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1582-1595
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Burhanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
School Context ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cultural Construct ◽  
Complex Project

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a measurement model in order to investigate sorts of organizational cultures (OCs) existing in school organizations. Design/methodology/approach This study involved 300 teachers of Primary Schools in the Malang City, East Java Indonesia. It used a quantitative approach with structural equation modelling to develop a measurement model of school OC. To enable the measure of this variable to work, OC scale was constructed and validated employing a confirmatory factor analysis. Findings Results suggest items of the scale are conceptualized as unidimensional measure. The scale, thus, could be used to examine and properly identified types of OCs within a school setting. Research limitations/implications This study developed e-scale to measure OC within a school context. The measure was tested in referring to the data derived from a limited sample of primary school teachers in Malang City, Indonesia. Practical implications This study recommends that school principals are expected to create an OC to ensure the improvement of individual capacities is carried out effectively. Originality/value The investigation focused on a school OC as a complex project. Since not many research studies developed the scales to measure this specific cultural construct, the findings add to the theory in this area.

The adoption of balanced scorecard: an exploration of its antecedents and consequences

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 874-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reetesh K. Singh ◽  
Simple Sethi Arora
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Performance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the adoption of balanced scorecard (ABSC) as performance management system (PMS). It also proposes a framework for empirically validating the antecedents and consequences of the ABSC as PMS. Design/methodology/approach Through the extensive review of BSC literature, the antecedents and consequences factors of BSC adoption as PMS are explored. A conceptual model is derived which hypothesises the relationship between the antecedents and consequences of the ABSC. The data collected by surveying perception of 128 bank employees is empirically tested. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to test the validity of the proposed measurement model, and hypothesised relationships are tested using structural equation modelling. Findings The findings confirmed the hypothesised conceptual model. They indicate that top management involvement and interdepartmental communication are the two prime antecedent factors which significantly lead to ABSC as PMS. In addition to this, the findings validate a strong causal relationship between ABSC and three consequence factors, namely, employees’ behaviour, organisational capabilities and perceived performance. Research limitations/implications The current study broadens the understanding of the notion of BSC as PMS in a considerable manner. It overcomes the inadequacy of the previous studies which failed to explore the antecedents and consequences of ABSC in a comprehensive way. The studies’ key limitation is that it is based on the perception of employees which can be overcome by using multiple methods to collect data in future studies. Originality/value The current study makes a significant contribution to the BSC literature. It is a first of its kind study to provide empirical validation to the conceptual model of antecedents and consequences of the ABSC as PMS. The research finding offers key implications for both researchers and practitioners.

Employability of fresh engineering graduates in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-63
Author(s):  
Saitab Sinha ◽  
Piyali Ghosh ◽  
Ashutosh Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether satisfaction of employers with skill competencies of fresh engineering graduates (EGs) in India is impacted by their expectations and perceptions. Applying Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT), the authors have also proposed and tested whether such effects on employers’ satisfaction are mediated by (dis)confirmation. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected through a survey of employers’ representatives using a structured questionnaire. The proposed mediation model has been tested on a sample of 284 with Confirmatory Factor Analysis by applying structural equation modelling in AMOS. Findings The structural model has been constructed with six latent constructs in accordance with extant literature. Excluding some observed variables, the structural model was found to have a good model fit. The measurement model is in accordance with ECT. Three of the four independent variables (two related to employers’ expectations and one to employers’ perception) exert significant influence on employers’ satisfaction, with (dis)confirmation as a mediator. Practical implications Industry–academia partnerships need to be an integral feature of any curriculum to bridge the gap between course curricula on one hand and employers’ expectations and perceptions on the other. Originality/value Past research on employability of EGs has mostly explored a direct association between employers’ perception and satisfaction. The authors study contributes to literature by examining the role of employers’ expectations in addition to their perception as precursors of their satisfaction, using the framework of ECT. Outcomes reported are of relevance to multiple stakeholders in technical education.

Consumers’ luxury value perception in the Brazilian premium beer market

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Marini Thomé ◽  
Guilherme da Mata Pinho ◽  
Daiane Pereira Fonseca ◽  
Ariel Barros Pirangy Soares
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the consumers’ luxury value perception in Brazilian premium beer market. Design/methodology/approach Data from a survey of 418 Brazilian consumers were used to test the research model. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement model, and the structural equation modeling was used to analyze the consumers’ luxury value perception. Findings The analytical results showed that the dimensions of social, individual and functional values featured items with high significance. For the fourth dimension (financial value), just one item presented relevance. Along with it, correlation between dimensions was analyzed. All four dimensions have higher significance and great estimates. Research limitations/implications This research was executed in a single country environment. Practical implications Results suggest that the only significant item to the consumers’ luxury value perception in the dimension of financial value is the higher price of premium beers. Other dimensions are well fit for the premium beer market. Originality/value To present date, marketing literature in the beer issue approaches its consumption as an economic phenomenon. This paper develops a notion that beer consumption can also be approached in a luxury consumption perspective. The framework developed in this paper can assist future researchers to consider consumption of different types and levels of beer, based on luxury value perception.

Developing strategies for communities of practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C.K. Cheng ◽  
John C.K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
School Context ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Content Strategy ◽  
Joint Enterprise ◽  
Process Strategy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore strategies to develop communities of practice (CoP) to improve teaching in a school context. Design/methodology/approach – A cross-sectional questionnaire is developed to collect data from participants in a project that aims to cultivate a CoP to improve their small class teaching skills. A total of 125 teachers from 35 primary schools participated in the survey. A structural equation model is used to explore the predictive power of the strategies on all three of the CoP elements. Findings – Content strategy is confirmed as the predictor of all the CoP elements, while process strategy is a predictor only for joint enterprise and shared repertoire. Practical implications – The application of these strategies to develop a CoP in schools involves designing a reflective and collaborative learning content, as well as monitoring, regulating and streamlining the learning process. Originality/value – The study contributes an empirical framework to the research of CoP and practical guides for school leaders to facilitate knowledge sharing in CoPs.

Using transaction cost economics to explain open innovation in start-ups

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2133-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Tang Hsieh ◽  
Hao-Chen Huang ◽  
Wei-Long Lee
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Asset Specificity ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Start Ups

Purpose The basic concept of transaction cost theory is that firms like to conduct transactions in a channel with lower transaction costs. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to use the transaction cost perspective to identify which conditions cause companies to choose between outbound open innovation (hierarchy governance) and inbound open innovation (market governance). Design/methodology/approach Accordingly, transaction cost economics was used to relate the choice and implementation of open innovation using a sample of 250 electronics and information start-ups in China. Structural equation modeling was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate measurement model, while logistic regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. Findings As expected, the dedicated asset specificity, human asset specificity, behavioral uncertainty, transaction frequency, and small number exchange were positively associated with outbound open innovation. Originality/value The contribution of this paper lies in explaining the role played by transaction cost economics in the process of open innovation for start-ups through empirical analysis.

Environmental concern: an issue for poor or rich

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai Wen Teoh ◽  
Sanjaya Singh Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Brand Preference ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of environmental concern on brand preference. The authors also examine whether the proposed relationship is contingent upon the individual’s income. Design/methodology/approach A conceptual model is proposed based on the theory of buyer behaviour and environmental concern. Model is empirically validated by conducting a survey using self-administered questionnaire. Measurements for each construct were adapted from literature. Partial least square based structural equation modelling is used for the hypotheses testing and confirmatory factor analysis is used for the validation of measurement model. Findings The authors found that brand preference is influenced by environmental concern and attitude towards the environment-friendly product. Further, social influence indirectly affects brand preference via environmental concern and attitude towards the environment-friendly product. The authors also found that income significantly moderates the relationship between social influence and environmental concern. Originality/value This paper provides useful guidance for the marketers of environment-friendly products for marketing to people with different income.

Impact of culture on religiosity, cosmopolitanism and ethnocentrism

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhurima Deb ◽  
Gautam Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Foreign Products ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of culture on religiosity, cosmopolitanism, and ethnocentrism on attitudes towards foreign products, among two religious classes in India. Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative data analysis was employed to attain the above objective. In order to explore the existence of difference between clothing preferences between two religious classes analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed. It was employed to analyse the difference between group means. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized paths. SEM was used separately for both the religious classes to explore the possibility of difference between both of them. Before testing the measurement model confirmatory factor analysis was run to test the cleanliness of the measurement items. Data were analysed in two parts A and B. In part A SEM was employed to test the hypotheses developed and in part B ANOVA was used to test the difference between group means. Findings – It was found that both the religious classes were significantly different from each other in their apparel preference. It was also found that the Indians were not collectivist as often labelled in a stereotypical way. Practical implications – The findings of this study would provide useful in-depth knowledge on Indian religious groups for both international and national marketers. The study confirmed that ignoring the diversity of an emerging market and adopting a standardized marketing strategy could prove fatal. It provides better understanding about the cultural diversity and its impact on buying imported products. Such insight should enable marketers, policy makers, and social planners to act more effectively by designing their positioning strategies accordingly. Originality/value – Some unexpected differences was found in individualism and collectivism dimensions and it was also found that the inter-cultural differences between Hindus and Muslims have changed since the original Hofstede data were collected on Hindu and Muslim dominating countries.

The nexus between the increasing involvement of youth in betting games and unemployment: the Nigerian perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gbemi Oladipo Olaore ◽  
Bimbo Onaolapo Adejare ◽  
Ekpenyong Ekpenyong Udofia
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Industry ◽  
Youth Involvement ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Betting games have become a global industry worth billions of dollars providing employment to millions and contributing to the gross domestic product (GDP) of several countries. While there are debates and controversies surrounding betting games discourse, a growing body of literature shows that it has been exacerbated by growing unemployment rates. This paper aims to examine the nexus between the increasing involvement of youth in betting games and unemployment from the Nigerian perspective. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts simple random and stratified sampling techniques to select participants for the study. Three hypotheses were tested for this study and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. Findings The three hypotheses tested in this study were coined from previous literature. The study established a direct link between technology advancement, promises of winning big coupled with bonuses while unemployment was not significant to youth involvement in betting games. The study also showed that playing betting games provides another source of income to the youth, who are already engaged in one form of work or another. Finally, youth involvement in betting games has created awareness regarding different sports in the world, while contributing to Nigeria’s economy. Practical implications As betting games centre as a business in Nigeria has contributed substantially and positively to unemployment in Nigeria; the Government of Nigeria are encouraged to streamline and regulate the activities of the sector such that they can contribute significantly to the country GDP and provide employment opportunities to the youths. Originality/value The research shows that the reason why betting games have a massive turnaround of youths in Nigeria is not majorly because of unemployment but as another means to a substantial financial individual/family income. Thus, Nigerian youths see betting games as an avenue to make more money. The study is the first of its kind to examine the nexus between betting games, technology and unemployment hence, its contribution to knowledge.

Volition to transfer: mastering obstacles in training transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Seiberling ◽  
Simone Kauffeld
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Transfer Of Training ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Training Transfer ◽  
Bootstrap Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Motivation To Transfer ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to seek a better understanding of the role of volition in the learning transfer system beyond the well-established concept of motivation to transfer. Design/methodology/approach Participants of a two-day leadership training were asked to complete two online questionnaires (t1 directly after training, t2 eight weeks after training). In total, 891 managers answered the first questionnaire, 465 the second. Findings Confirmatory factor analysis suggests that motivation and volition to transfer are perceived as two different constructs. Hierarchical linear regression shows that additional variance in training transfer can be explained when volition to transfer is taken into account. Structural equation models and bootstrap analysis suggest that both motivation and volition to transfer mediate effects of supervisor support and trainer performance on training transfer. Research limitations/implications The results imply that besides motivation to transfer, volition to transfer may be a relevant construct in the transfer of training. It remains to be tested how far these findings can be generalized to other training settings beside leadership trainings. Practical implications Organizations aiming at improving training transfer should focus on enhancing the participants’ motivation and volition to transfer. Both trainers and supervisors seem to promote transfer of training by influencing a trainee’s motivation to transfer and volition to transfer. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically examine the role of volition in training transfer.

Going through the motions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Kubovcikova
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Reflective Measurement ◽  
Stability And Consistency

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the properties of the well-known three-dimensional adjustment scale, established by Black et al. (1988, 1989), namely, its dimensionality and internal consistency. The theoretical basis of the construct is discussed in relation to formative and reflective measurement approaches. Design/methodology/approach – Two different ways of organizing the adjustment items (random/non-random) were used to assess the internal consistency of the three-dimensional adjustment scale. The quantitative analysis presented is based on survey data from 468 assigned expatriates in Asia that were subjected to an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis as well as a structural equation modeling – more specifically the multiple indicators multiple causes model (MIMIC). Findings – The study revealed that the adjustment construct is possibly misspecified, especially the general adjustment dimension, that was tested as a formative, not a reflective scale. There is further evidence that the wrong measurement approach skewed the coefficient that connects adjustment to performance, which is the key construct in its nomological network. Moreover, the dimensionality and the internal consistency of the scale are deteriorated to a large extent by randomization of the items. The findings highlight the need for a clear concept definition that would lead to an appropriate operationalization of the construct. Originality/value – The study is one of the few rigorously testing the properties of a construct that has been used for almost 30 years, thus yielding some novel conclusions about its stability and consistency.

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