Using positive deviance to enhance employee engagement: an interpretive structural modelling approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naman Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Positive Deviance ◽  
Workplace Deviance ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Organisations today seek high engagement levels from their employees for their superior performance amid the highly competitive environment. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of positive deviance facilitators (PDFs) in enhancing employee engagement at work. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and Matrice d’Impacts Croisés-Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement (MICMAC) analysis to understand the process of how positive deviance may fuel employee engagement in an organisation. Because of the lack of empirical evidence on the relationship between employee engagement and positive deviance, ISM approach was adopted as it helps in understanding the subjective experience and learnings of experts involved in the field. The MICMAC analysis classifies the relevant factors into four clusters and helps in understanding the dynamics involved. Findings Based on the opinions shared by industry and academia experts, a structural model was developed to understand the hierarchy and interactions among the eight PDFs leading towards employee engagement. Research limitations/implications The study offers both theoretical and practical implications. The model developed in the current study could be used as a base model for future studies concerning employee engagement and deviance. The importance of human resource management practices in fuelling positive deviance and employee engagement is also highlighted. The study discusses various practical implications for human resource managers and top management. Originality/value The literature on positive deviance at work is still at a nascent stage. Empirical studies on deviance largely focus on the destructive/negative side of workplace deviance, and studies on positive outcomes from workplace deviance are rare. This present study provides a unique opportunity to understand how positive deviance can be used to enhance the engagement levels of employees.

Application of interpretive structural modelling for analysis of lean adoption barriers in heavy industry

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aadithya B.G. ◽  
Asokan P. ◽  
S. Vinodh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Interaction Matrix ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Top Management Support ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to depict a study on analysis of barriers to lean adoption in fabrication industry using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Design/methodology/approach From the literature review, 22 barriers to lean adoption in fabrication industry have been recognized . Self-structure interaction matrix has been developed based on expert opinion. Computational steps of ISM are being done to develop the structural model. cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis is being done to group the barriers into four types. Findings Based on the study, it has been found that “lack of knowledge about lean (philosophy, principles, tools)”, “lack of top management support and commitment” and “poor leadership” are found to be the principal barriers. MICMAC analysis indicated that number of driving, dependent, linkage and autonomous barriers are 9, 8, 4 and 1, respectively. Practical implications The study has been executed based on the inputs from industrial practitioners and hence the inferences are found to have practical relevance. Originality/value The study is an attempt to analyze the barriers for lean concepts adoption in fabrication kind of industry.

Situations-vacant fall where employees are engaged

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall P. Bandura ◽  
Paul R. Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
General Managers ◽  
Work Tasks ◽  
Employee Characteristics ◽  
Resource Specialists ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to summarize recent commentary and research about employee engagement. It offers information on practices and suggestions aimed at helping human resource specialists and general managers to stimulate opportunities for employees to become more engaged in their work. Design/methodology/approach – Discusses employee engagement based on an extensive literature review of recent research and commentary regarding the concept. Findings – Advances the view that, depending upon one’s organizational culture, work tasks and employee characteristics, there are many practical opportunities for managers to help employees to become more engaged in their work and organization. Practical implications – Explains how employee involvement can help to improve product quality, cut costs, bolster employee retention and boost organizational performance. Social implications – Argues that employees have to find personal meaning in their work to be engaged. Originality/value – Serves as a refresher for those interested in the concept of employee engagement. Offers practical suggestions for human resource specialists.

Analysis of supply chain resilience barriers in Indian automotive company using total interpretive structural modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishtha Agarwal ◽  
Nitin Seth
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Root Barrier ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

PurposeThe study tries to identify the barriers influencing supply chain resilience and examine the inter-relationships between them. These relationships are built on the basis of how one barrier drives or is driven by the changes in another barriers.Design/methodology/approachIn the first phase, literature review and with due discussion with experts, the barriers have been identified and shortlisted for an Indian automotive case company. In the second phase, total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) has been applied to examine inter-relationships between the barriers for an Indian automobile case company. Matrice d'impacts croisés multiplication appliquée á un classment (MICMAC) analysis has also been performed to analyse the driving and dependence power of the barriers.FindingsIn total, 11 barriers are identified from the first phase of the study. In the second phase, the TISM digraph is created which qualitatively explains the reason behind how one barrier leads to another. MICMAC analysis classifies these variables in four clusters namely autonomous, linkage, dependent and independent. These clusters characterise the barriers based on their driving and dependent power which helps managers in strategically tackling them while taking understanding from the TISM digraph.Research limitations/implicationsThree research implications can be made from the study. First, a comprehensive definition of supply chain which helps in understanding of resilience based on disruption phases and recovery. Second, 11 barriers are identified which hinder resilience in automotive sector. Their relationships are modelled using TISM which also gives why a particular relationship exists. Last, MICMAC analysis classifies barriers based on how high or low the driving and dependence power exists.Practical implicationsThe study offers significant implications for supply chain managers helping them in building resilience by identifying barriers and reducing their effect. Barriers are identified for case company which might help managers to tackle them during disruptions. The final TISM digraph depicts the “why” between the inter-relationships between the barriers to resilient supply chains. TISM shows that non-commitment of top management is the major root barrier which has been causing the other problems. MICMAC analysis is also performed along with discussion as to how autonomous, linkage, dependent and independent barriers can be tackled to build resilience.Originality/valueTISM is considered as an effective methodology for conceptual framework development as it also explains “why” between the relationships besides explaining the “what” as against ISM. Identification and understanding of barriers and their interrelationship will help supply chain managers to analyse the influence and inter-dependence of barriers on the resilience of the supply chain. Such understanding will help in mitigating/averting these barriers hence improving the resilience capability. It also adds to the knowledge base in the area of supply chain resilience where several authors have pointed the lack of research.

Interpretive structural modelling for attributes of software quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adarsh Anand ◽  
Gunjan Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Software Quality ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
R Software ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis

Purpose The “quality” of any product or service defines the agility of the product and its life cycle in dynamic environment. The demand of high “quality” becomes an imperative concern, when “software” is acting as a product or a service. Since the nature of the software is intangible and more complex, therefore the assurance of providing accurate results is anxiety for companies. The overall quality of the software is based upon many individual factors (or attributes) that makes software reliable, inclined and a long-lasting product in the marketplace. But how these factors can influence each other is significant to identify. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the quality aspect of the software and analyse the interrelationship of impactful attributes. Design/methodology/approach The analysis has been done through responses sought from software development teams/clients in India. The questionnaire related to the software quality was administered to the sample population. Interconnection among impactful characteristics has been analysed by using a qualitative technique called interpretive structural modelling (ISM). The driving and dependency of the attributes under consideration has been classified using cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis. The procedure of applying ISM method has been automated and provided it as package “ISM” using R software. Findings In general, it is very complex job to determine the most impactful attribute of software quality. By applying ISM and MICMAC analysis on the set of attributes under consideration, it has been found that “reliability” along with “usability” and “performance” is the most influential attribute of software quality and preferred most. Research limitations/implications Though ISM provides an organized modelling framework yet its results are considered less statistically significant. Therefore, it would be interesting to concatenate the present findings with the findings of any analytical methodology; which gives statistically significant results. Practical implications The present proposal deals with the interpretation of the software quality attributes and their contextual relationship but with more effective and efficient manner. It can help management to understand the complexity of relationship amongst attributes (which are quality attributes here) more accurately and precisely. Since today is an era of automation, the manual part is being substituted so as to reduce the labour cost, improve safety, security and product quality to increase production. This study is, therefore, an effort and a helping hand in making the hassle free calculations for obtaining intermediate matrices and doing eventual calculations. Social implications n numbers of parameters can be selected to analyse the interrelationship of any project/study. Eradication human errors in applying transitivity law or applying any other operation in solving problem. The package created here can save precious time of users. Provides well-formatted and readable excel output files that make interpretation easier. Originality/value Software is one such product/service which plays a significant role in this high-technological world, where each and every firm try their best to be on the top of the list of consumers’ preference. For this purpose, companies reduce manual efforts by converting it into qualitative software that provides deliverables in a systematic manner. Therefore, it becomes imperative to study various interrelated quality attributes of the software. On the similar platform, ISM is a widely used technique and just to provide a helping hand in quantification of the qualitative attributes this paper facilitates the readers with algorithm developed using R software.

MBA education: new insights on enablers of managerial performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1020
Author(s):  
Debmallya Chatterjee ◽  
James Poovathingal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Managerial Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Mba Students ◽  
Mba Education ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeSeveral authors have proposed various factors/enablers that enhance managerial performance of MBA students. However, there is little research on how to prioritise these enablers or how each enabler in the system of enablers influences each other. This paper aims to address this gap.Design/methodology/approachThis paper integrates the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and Multiplication Appliquée á un Classement (MICMAC) techniques to arrive at the conclusions.FindingsThe “help achieve” power of each enabler, determined by ISM, is limited or accentuated by its “driving power and its dependence” determined by MICMAC. Out of the 14 enablers used in the study, this paper identifies five enablers that can enhance the performance of MBA students.Research limitations/implicationsWhen ISM and MICMAC are integrated, one can arrive at a better way to prioritise enablers in a system of enablers.Practical implicationsThe implication of the study findings is that all stakeholders can now systematically prioritise the enablers that can lead to performance and also save resources during the process. A related implication is that this method can be used in a wide variety of situations.Originality/valueThis paper highlights how an integrated use of ISM-MICMAC can improve decision-making and resource optimisation.

Application of total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) for analysis of factors influencing sustainable additive manufacturing: a case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1198-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Agrawal ◽  
Vinodh S.
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a structural model based on total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) approach for analysis of factors influencing sustainable additive manufacturing (AM). Design/methodology/approach A total of 20 factors influencing sustainable AM are identified on the basis of literature review. Appropriate inputs from experts are obtained and TISM model is developed. Also, cross-impact Matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis is carried out to categorize the factors. Findings Based on TISM model, “Flexibility in manufacturing”, “Time to develop new product” and “Local availability of technology” are found to be the dominant factors. MICMAC analysis indicates that 10 factors belong to driving and 10 factors belong to dependent category. Research limitations/implications In the present study, 20 factors have been considered. In future, additional factors can be considered to deal with technological advancements. Practical implications The conduct of the study will enable AM experts to systematically analyze the factors influencing sustainable AM. Originality/value The development of structural model for analysis of factors influencing sustainable AM manufacturing is the original contribution of authors.

Interdependency analysis of lean manufacturing practices in case of Bulgarian SMEs: interpretive structural modelling and interpretive ranking modelling approach

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Prasad ◽  
Milen Baltov ◽  
Neelakanteswara Rao A. ◽  
Krishnanand Lanka
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modelling Approach

Purpose The paper aims to analyse the contextual relationship and dependency amongst enablers for lean manufacturing implementation in Bulgarian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach In this study, the interpretive structural modelling (ISM) technique was used to develop a hierarchical structural model for enablers. Also, the interpretive ranking process (IRP) was used to analyse and rank enablers with reference to performance variables. For the ISM approach, a structural self- integration matrix was developed with the help of experts’ suggestions and opinions. Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis was used to analyse the relationship amongst enablers. A total of nine experts were chosen for collecting the primary data in which seven experts belong to the industry and two experts were academicians. The dominant relationship amongst the enablers was analysed through IRP modelling. Findings A total of 11 enablers were identified for the purpose of this study. The model shows that “leadership and commitment by management”, “human resource management”, “customer relation management”, “supplier relation management” and “information technology system” are the most significant enablers for lean implementation in Bulgarian SMEs as these are positioned at the bottom levels in ISM model. MICMAC analysis shows that five enablers fall in the independent factor, two enablers in linkage factor and four enablers in the dependant factor while there is no enabler in the autonomous factor. ISM and IRP models show that “continuous improvement” is an essential enabler for the successful implementation of lean in Bulgarian SMEs. This study also helps to explain the comparative analysis of ISM and IRP, which indicates that IRP is a more robust modelling approach than ISM, as it incorporates the relationship of enablers with performance variables. Research limitations/implications ISM and IRP modelling approaches are based solely on expert opinions and responses. This limitation can be overcome with the help of empirical study. Practical implications This study supports the professionals/experts to prioritise and manage enablers at strategic and tactical levels while implementing lean manufacturing practices in Bulgarian SMEs. The models developed in the study will be helpful for practitioners to understand and analyse the interdependence of enablers for lean manufacturing implementation. Originality/value This study helps to identify and prioritise enablers that affect lean manufacturing adoption using ISM and IRP approaches. Literature shows that numerous authors have used the ISM approach but the use of IRP approach is limited. The models were developed in the study, totally dependent on data collected from the experts to ensure their real-life validity.

Employee engagement for millennials: considering technology as an enabler

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Jha ◽  
Puja Sareen ◽  
Rama Krishna Gupta Potnuru
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The paper aims to highlight the challenges of engaging millennial workforce and proposing strategies to address this challenge. Design/methodology/approach It is a viewpoint paper that reflects the opinions of human resource (HR) practitioners across industries in India. The views were gathered through telephone and face-to-face interaction with the practitioners. Findings Harnessing technology appropriately can help managers gain overall engagement of millennial workforce in the organization. Practical implications HR practitioners can manage their millennial workforce better if they understand their characteristics and expectations. Originality/value The originality of this paper is that it identifies technology as a hindrance as well as an advantage to engage millennials. It suggests how technology can be harnessed to keep millennials engaged in the workplace.

What drives organisational performance: strategic thinking, technological change, strategic risks? A modified total interpretive structural modelling approach and MICMAC analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqueeb Sohail Shaik ◽  
Sanjay Dhir
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Strategic Risk ◽  
Micmac Analysis ◽  
Total Interpretive Structural Modelling

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain the interrelationships between the elements of strategic thinking, technological change and strategic risks. The main objective of this research is to identify the hierarchy for the elements of thinking, technological change and strategic risk and also to identify the driving powers of these elements. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used in this study is modified total interpretive structural modelling and MICMAC analysis which gives the interrelationships and also the driving powers of the elements by analysing the relationships between the elements from the existing literature. This method helps us in answering/understanding the “what”, “how” and “why” of the research. Modified total Interpretive structural modeling is considered in this study, which helps in doing both the paired comparisons and transitivity checks simultaneously. A digraph is constructed at the end of the analysis, which shows the links between the elements, and a driver dependence matrix is constructed, which shows the driving powers. Findings This study gives an understanding of the role of the elements, the relationships between them and the hierarchy of addressing these elements, and also the driving and dependence power. Findings of this research give us an understanding of how strategic thinking/technological change/strategic drives the performance of the firm. Research limitations/implications This study is conducted with the help of existing literature; this can be further extended by considering the expert opinion. Practical implications The model explains the direct and transitive links of the elements and the strength of the relation between them, which helps the researchers and the practitioners to understand the driving power and importance of these constructs. It also helps us to understand the role of these elements and, if implemented in an organisation, which elements need to be prioritised for enhancing the performance of the firm. Originality/value Research done in the past has individually analysed the elements effecting strategic thinking; this study identifies the relationships between the elements of all three constructs and helps in understanding the levels of hierarchy.

Modelling the abstract knots in supply chains using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) approaches: a review-based comprehensive toolkit

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidar Abbas ◽  
Mohd Mehdi ◽  
Imran Azad ◽  
Guilherme F. Frederico
Keyword(s):  
Real Data ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Structural Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interpretive Structural Modelling ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Quantitative Approaches

PurposeThis study endeavours to (a) develop a comprehensive interpretive structural modelling (ISM) toolkit containing sufficient details about the suitability and procedural aspects of each ISM approach and offer points of reference for budding researchers, (b) highlight the compatibility of ISM approaches with other qualitative and quantitative approaches, and (c) chalk-out an agenda for future research.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on an extensive review of 74 studies where researchers have used one or more ISM approaches. These studies span across the different industry sectors.FindingsThere exists a huge void in terms of the methodological synthesis of ISM approaches. ISM approaches are frequently used in sync with other qualitative and quantitative approaches. Furthermore, it highlights the need of improving the robustness of the proposed ISM models by sharing the critical details of research process.Research limitations/implicationsBeing a review-based work, it could not illustrate the discussed ISM approaches with real data. However, it offers a research agenda for the prospective researchers.Practical implicationsThe prerequisites, pitfalls, suitability and the procedural aspects of various ISM approaches contained in this toolkit are equally useful for the academicians as well as practitioners.Originality/valueIn the absence of a synthesized framework, this study contributes a comprehensive ISM toolkit which will help the researchers to choose a suitable ISM approach in a given case.

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