Women’s empowerment and family poverty in the Tawhidi epistemological approach

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aas Nurasyiah ◽  
Miyasto Miyasto ◽  
Tatik Mariyanti ◽  
Irfan Syauqi Beik
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the socio-economic factors that will affect women’s empowerment from an Islamic perspective (the Tawhidi epistemological approach) and the impact of women’s empowerment on reducing family poverty. Design/methodology/approach Using a quantitative approach to see the relationship between research variables with structural equation model-partial least squares as the analysis tool. Findings In general, socio-economic variables had direct and indirect effects on reducing family poverty. In addition, the variable of women’s empowerment in an Islamic perspective can strengthen the influence of socio-economic variables on the alleviation of family poverty. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this research lies in the use of religiosity as an indicator with some constraints and the inclusion of all the necessary dimensions of a Muslim family. Additionally, because of the scope of the present research, the results may not be applicable in different areas, especially countries with distinctive characteristics such as having Muslims as the major population. On the other hand, the results of this research may provide comprehensive indicators of empowered Muslim women which enable the correlation between the socio-economic factors and women’s empowerment and how women’s empowerment can contribute to the alleviation of family poverty from the perspective of Islam. Originality/value This research provides new insights into the variable of women’s empowerment measured using the Islamic paradigm (Tawhidi epistemology) and includes religiosity as a variable that directly and indirectly influences the reduction of family poverty.

scholarly journals Impact of Socioeconomic Inequalities on the Spread of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpay Arı ◽  
Hülya Özdemir ◽  
Fatmanur Kabadurmus ◽  
Selma Tosun ◽  
Durmuş Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
University Education ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Binary Probit ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract BackgroundTo examine the role of medical, economic and social inequalities affecting the prevalence of COVID-19 in Turkey. MethodsThis paper clarifies the medical and socio-economic factors affecting the prevalence of COVID-19 by using clinical and survey data in a binary probit model (BPM). Socio-economic factors affect the prevalence of COVID-19 to different degrees. Socio-economic variables are associated with risk of infection and can increase exposure to and mortality from COVID-19. ResultsThe factors that increase the probability that a person will get COVID-19 are gender (males have a 9.4% higher probability), income, household work status, interacting with a COVID-19 case (31.4% higher), using public transportation (6.97% higher), and visiting a hospital (35.7% higher probability for individuals who visited a hospital) or a mosque (15.1% higher). The factors that decrease the probability of testing positive are smoking (14.3% lower for smokers), being employed, having a university education compared to no education (24.7% lower), and wearing gloves (15.4% lower). ConclusionIn the case of Turkey, the estimations of the BPM show that economic and social variables are important factors for determining COVID-19 prevalence. Inequalities in socio-economic variables affect the prevalence to different degrees. Disparities in education and poverty are more important than being employed or being a smoker for the spread of COVID-19.

The impact of microfinance services on the efficiency of family farms in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alim Belek ◽  
Abega Ngono Jean Marie
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Tobit Model ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Agricultural Credit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

PurposeDoes MFIs agricultural credit influence the determinants of the efficiency of SFF which are socio-economic factors of the farmers but also agricultural endowments of family farms? This paper aims to study the contribution of MFI services on improving the technical efficiency of SFFs in Cameroon.Design/methodology/approachThe stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) model permits the estimation of the technical efficiency indicators for beneficiaries and nonbeneficiaries of agricultural credits on a sample of 130 cocoa farming households and four MFIs of the same area between 2008 and 2011. The censored tobit model is used to assess the determinants of technical efficiency.FindingsThe results show that the SFF beneficiaries of agricultural credit have an average technical efficiency of 0.68 inferior to that of nonbeneficiaries (0.72) as expected. They are, respectively, at 0.32 and 0.28 of their full productive capacities. The results of the censored Tobit model show that socioeconomic characteristics of the producer such as age and gender explain negatively, while experience explains positively the technical efficiency of SFFs.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough without any selectivity bias, this study indicates the essential character of the socioeconomic factors in the amplification of the role of the MFIs credit on the efficiency of SFFs.Practical implicationsStrategies to improve the efficiency of SFFs require an increase in MFI credits, primarily targeting young, experienced and female farmers.Originality/valueThis study examines the efficiency of SFFs by highlighting the interaction between the socio-economic factors of farmers and the credit of MFIs. It also points to the problem of monitoring the implementation of agricultural financing.

scholarly journals Comparing Passenger Satisfaction, Employees’ Perspective and Performance on Quality and Safety Indicators: A Field Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5636
Author(s):  
Luca D’Alonzo ◽  
Maria Chiara Leva ◽  
Edgardo Bucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Passenger Satisfaction ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This paper aims to analyze the impact that different attributes related to a Regional Airport service and the socio-economic factors of the passengers have on the passenger’s overall satisfaction. The study also compared passenger and employee satisfaction in relation to the service offered by the airport, to identify possible critical areas of improvement. An Ordinal Logistic Regression (OLR) approach was used to model how the attributes considered for qualifying airport services and the socio-economic variables impact the predicted variable (i.e., passenger satisfaction). Furthermore, the results were triangulated to include quality and safety performance indicators as an objective anchor point for the performance of the company. The findings indicate interesting areas of difference between the perceptions of the passengers and airport employees regarding a company’s services and its performance. The company managers in the key areas of operation were then asked to select the main areas of improvement among the ones highlighted by the survey’s results. Quality and safety indicators were also helpful in enriching the analysis and indicating good synergy with the suggestions collected from the passengers’ and the employees’ surveys, offering yet another complementary perspective.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-168
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqas Khalid ◽  
Nahla Samargandi ◽  
Aadil Hameed Shah ◽  
Seita Almandeel
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

scholarly journals Role of Islamic microfinance in women’s empowerment: evidence from rural development scheme of Islami bank Bangladesh limited

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Saiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Islamic Microfinance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Islamic microfinance services (IMFS) on women’s empowerment in rural Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a multi-stage sampling technique. The primary data are collected through a face-to-face survey of 389 women respondents who have received IMFS from the Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited. Cronbach’s alpha test is conducted to test the reliability and internal consistency of collected data. Paired-sample tests, logit regression and proportion hypothesis tests are conducted to measure the impact of IMFS on women’s empowerment. Descriptive and inferential statistics are used to interpret the data. Findings The study reveals that IMFS have led to structural transformation in the occupation dynamics of the respondents’ families from agriculture to retail businesses. IMFS have had a significant positive impact on household income, savings and expenditure; have improved standard of living and human capital formation; and have enhanced all three dimensions of empowerment, namely, economic empowerment, socio-cultural empowerment (SCEM) and familial empowerment (FLEM). Of them, economic and SCEM have positively contributed toward overall women’s empowerment, while FLEM has a negative but insignificant impact on overall empowerment. The respondents’ perception also supports the finding that IMFS have benefited rural women and empowered them. Originality/value The study is based on primary data. It leads to an inquiry as to whether women are dominant in familial affairs. If so, it may reduce the state of happiness and overall women’s empowerment. There is a clear gap in the existing literature about this inquiry.

Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on female health care workers in Odisha (India)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiba Shankar Pattayat ◽  
Prasanta Patri ◽  
Silan Das ◽  
Rajesh Barik
Keyword(s):  
Mental Stress ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of Covid-19 on female health workers (FHWs) in Odisha (India). Here, this study discusses the economic hardship of the FHWs during the pandemic time. Additionally, this study also identifies the various socio-economic factors responsible for the increasing mental stress level of FHWs in Odisha. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a telephonic survey method. Overall the study has collected 80 samples of FHWs from Odisha (India). Additionally, the study uses a logistic regression model to measure the impact of various socio-economic factors affecting the mental health status of FHWs during the pandemic time. Findings The findings of this study depict that FHWs working as a Covid warrior during the pandemic time are facing severe economic vulnerability in their life. It is found that though the FHWs have worked tirelessly to save millions of human lives, but irregularity in salary payment and temporary jobs position have caused more mental distress to them. Moreover, the empirical findings have shown that factors such as joint family, social isolation, having an elderly member in their family, duty in Covid ward, staying in staff quarter and temporary job position are responsible for increasing the mental stress of FHWs in Odisha during the Covid-19 pandemic time. Originality/value This study is a first attempt to explain the life struggle, economic vulnerability and mental stress of Indian (Odisha) FHWs working during the Covid-19 pandemic period to save millions of human lives.

scholarly journals Depression, Physical activity, and self-rated health: Panel analysis of adults in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-sang Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract Background: The health status of an individual is determined by socio-economic factors and behavioral factors. Socio-economic factors include marital status, educational level, living expenses, and housing type, among others. The differences of health status across individuals are mainly determined by these socioeconomic factors, which cannot be altered in a short run. However, even if the socioeconomic factors cannot be altered in the short run, there are ways for an individual to improve the health status in a relatively short period of time. These are behavioral factors, such as physical activities and management of depression. Methods: We provided evidence of the first statement by running a pooled OLS regression with self-rated health (SRH) as dependent variable and with walking, management of depression, sex, age, marital status, educational level, housing type, living expenses, and economic activity as independent variables. We proved the second statement by running a fixed-effect panel regression with the same dependent and independent variables. The 2010–2013 Korea Health Panel Survey data were used for analysis. Subjects were 34,436 adults (≥19 years) in 8,609 panel groups. Results: All the variables, including socio-economic variables as well as behavioral variables, were significant in the Pooled OLS regression. Whereas behavioral variables, such as walking and management of depression, were significant in the fixed-effect panel regression, socio-economic variables were not. The reason is that socio-economic variables are stable and not variant for an individual in the short-run.Conclusion: Whereas the differences of health status across individuals are mainly determined by socioeconomic factors, the health of an individual is significantly affected by his/her behavior. It is shown that regular walking and reduction of depression are important in improving SRH. There is a need for strategies designed to address depression and aging and encourage walking.

‘Micro-programmes’ fail to empower women

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Domestic Labour ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

Subject Evaluation of women's empowerment programmes. Significance New research is contesting the impact and relevance of 'women’s empowerment' programming in international development. The term ‘empowerment’ was first advanced by feminists from the Global South in the 1970s, but aid organisations placed it under a broad umbrella of initiatives that have failed to advance women’s socio-political status. Often focusing on ‘micro-programmes’, such as microfinance and gendered entrepreneurial training, women’s empowerment initiatives have in fact limited women’s participation in public life, increased their domestic labour and reinforced gender inequality. Impacts Focusing ‘empowerment’ training on the domestic sphere or micro-enterprises will do little to elevate women’s status. Greater economic power for women without changes in men’s attitudes can lead to more domestic violence. Perpetuating the image of women as victims reinforces their depoliticisation by the state.

scholarly journals Role of Corporate Governance Professionals’ on Firm Value

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This piece of study is designed to analyse the socio economic profiles of the corporate governance professional’s opinion on the impact of CG (Corporate Governance) on FV (Firm value) from the angle of their socio economic profile. The study considered 90 company secretaries as Corporate Governance Professionals and elicited their opinion on the aspect of Corporate Governance and Firm value, with the help of semi-structured questionnaire circulated through Google forms. After implementation of the Companies Act 2013 we have completed nearly five years. Now this is the time to see how far the socio economic characteristics of professionals influence the FV? The socio economic variables were represented by Gender, Age, Educational Qualification, Profession and Experience etc., and for the purpose of Firm value an average value of Turnover, paid up capital, net worth, EPS and Return on Investments were considered. The study found significant difference between opinion based Socio-economic factors (age and profession) and impact of CG on FV, and the remaining socio economic factors were not found significantly differentiating their impact on firm value.

Empowering Women Entrepreneurs Through Microfinance - A Case of Rural Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Saida Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Women’s empowerment has been at the centre of research focus for many decades. Extant literature examined the process, outcome and various challenges. Some claimed substantial success, while others contradicted with evidence of failure. But the success remains a matter of debate due to lack of empirical evidence of actual empowerment of women around the world. The current study aimed to address this gap by taking a case study method. The study critically evaluates 20 cases carefully sampled to include representatives from the entire country of Bangladesh. The study demonstrates popular beliefs about microfinance often misguide even the borrowers and they start living in a fabricated feeling of empowerment, facing real challenges to achieve true empowerment in their lives. The impact of this finding is twofold; firstly there is a theoretical contribution, where the definition of women’s empowerment is proposed to be revisited considering findings from these cases. And lastly, the policy makers at governmental and non-governmental organisations, and multinational donor agencies need to revise their assessment tools for funding.

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