EFFECTS OF MOBILE BANKING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN BANGLADESH

This study examines the effect of mobile banking on performance of Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) in Bangladesh which includes their efficiency and internal operations, staff productivity, communication, breadth and depth of outreach, financial sustainability and portfolio quality. A questionnaire survey method was used for collecting the relevant data (n=200) from the selected sample representing the study population. The findings of this study reveals that Mobile Banking (MB) has a significant and positive effect on the performance of Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) in Bangladesh, and it is perceived from the results that MB could significantly improve the performance of IMFIs by increasing the efficiency, staff productivity, communication, outreach and financial sustainability except portfolio quality.

PENERAPAN STRATEGI MARKETING MIX UPAYA MENINGKATKAN JUMLAH FUNDING PADA BMT MADANI SEPANJANG

ABSTRAKMasalah pada perekonomian mengakibatkan banyak spekulan nakal menjalankan aksinya, menjadikan lembaga keuangan mikro syariah harus mengulurkan tangannya dalam memberikan perhatian pada permasalahan tersebut. Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil sebagai lembaga keuangan mikro syariah turut andil dalam menyatukan masyarakat yang memiliki kelebihan dana dengan masyarakat yang membutuhkan dana. BMT Madani Sepanjang hadir membantu perekonomian masyarakat dengan menghimpun dana (funding) dari shahibul maal dalam rangka meningkatkan dananya untuk kepentingan masyarakat membutuhkan dana. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana BMT Madani Sepanjang meningkatkan jumlah fundingnya, penelitian ini berfokus pada penerapan strategi marketing mix upaya meningkatkan jumlah funding pada BMT Madani Sepanjang. Dalam peningkatan funding, BMT Madani Sepanjang menggunakan strategi marketing mix 4P. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Data yang didapatkan melalui observasi secara langsung, wawancara, dokumen, serta validasi data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik dan triangulasi waktu. Hasil dari penerapan strategi marketing mix upaya meningkatkan jumlah fundingnya, BMT Madani telah menerapkannya dengan baik, sehingga pada pertumbuhan jumlah fundingnya yang baik dapat banyak memberikan bantuan dalam kegiatan penyaluran dana kepada masyarakat yang kekurangan dana, agar tehindar dari spekulan nakal. Dalam hal ini diharapkan BMT Madani Sepanjang dapat terus meningkatkan kualitasnya terutama dalam kegiatan strategi promosinya, agar usahanya dapat terus berkembang dengan baik.Kata Kunci: Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil, Bauran Pemasaran, Penghimpunan Dana. ABSTRACTProblems in the economy resulted in many rogue speculators carrying out their actions, making Islamic microfinance institutions have to stretch their hands in paying attention to these problems. Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil as a sharia microfinance institution contributes to uniting people who have excess funds with people who need funds. BMT Madani Sepanjang is here to help the community's economy by raising funds (funding) from Shahibul Maal in order to increase its funds for the benefit of the community in need of funds. To find out how BMT Madani Sepanjang increases the amount of funding, this study focuses on implementing a marketing mix strategy in an effort to increase the amount of funding at BMT Madani Sepanjang. In increasing funding, BMT Madani Sepanjang uses a 4P marketing mix strategy. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained through direct observation, interviews, documents, and data validation using source triangulation, technical triangulation and time triangulation. As a result of the implementation of the marketing mix strategy in an effort to increase the amount of funding, BMT Madani Sepanjang has implemented it well, so that a good growth in the amount of funding can provide a lot of assistance, in channeling funds to people who lack funds, so as to avoid rogue speculators. In this case, it is hoped that BMT Madani Sepanjang can continue to improve its quality, especially in its promotional strategy activities, so that its business can continue to develop well.Keywords: Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil, Marketing Mix, Funding. DAFTAR PUSTAKAAnisa, I. N., & Oktafia, R. (2021). Penerapan strategi marketing mix dalam meningkatkan jumlah funding dan lending di BMT Harapan Ummat Sidoarjo. 4(1), 113–126. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25299/jtb.2021.vol4(1).6597Desy D. S. N., M. R. M. (2020). Strategi bauran pemasaran 4P dalam menentukan sumber modal usaha syariah pedagang pasar di Sidoarjo, 6(3).Kementerian Agama RI. (2020). Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Baqarah ayat 278. Jakarta: Kemenag RI.Laita, A., & Renny, M. (2020). Strategi optimalisasi penghimpunan dana nasabah bagi perkuatan permodalan di BMT Mawaddah Kantor Cabang Pandaan Pasuruan. Al-Mustashfa: Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Islam, 5(2), 171–182.Latifah, F. N., Maika, M. R., & Ariyanti, N. (2019). PKM Geo UMKM Desa Kenongo. Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(3), 259–266.Lisdawami, I. M. (2017). Pengembangan produk funding KSPPS BMT Amanah Ummah Jawa Timur. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori Dan Terapan, 4(11), 889–901.Marcelina, J., & Tantra, B. (2016). Pengaruh marketing mix (7P) terhadap keputusan pembelian pada guest house di Surabaya. Jurnal Hospitality dan Manajemen Jasa, 5(2), 1–16.Mardani. (2015). Aspek hukum lembaga BMT. Surabaya: Prenadamedia Grup.Moleong, L. J. (2014). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif edisi revisi. Bandung: Rosda.Muawanah. (2019). Peran BMT Global Madani Indonesia dalam penanaman nilai entrepreneur mahasiswa ES (Ekonomi Syariah) Institut KH. Adul Halim Pacet Mojokerto. AL-‘ADALAH: Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum Islam, 4(1), 86–97.Nugrahani, F. (2014). Metode penelitian kualitatif dalam penelitian pendidian bahasa. Solo: Cakra Book.Pandia, & Frianto. (2012). Manajemen dana dan kesehatan bank. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.Samsuri, A. (2017). Marketing mix sebagai strategi meningkatkan jumlah nasabah pada perbankan syari’ah. 1(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30762/wadiah.v1i1.1274Selang, C. A. (2013). Bauran pemasaran (Marketing Mix) pengaruhnya terhadap loyalitas konsumen pada Fresh Mart Bahu Mall Manado. 1(3), 71–80.Shidiq, U., & Choiri, M. (2019). Metode penelitian kualitatif di bidang pendidikan. Ponorogo: CV. Nata Karya.Tyas., & Mega, A. (2014). Pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap niat menjadi mitra perspektif Islam pada BMT Beringharjo Cabang Madiun. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan, 1(7), 487-505. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol1iss20147pp487-505Yulia, & Dima. (2020). Faktor-faktor penyebab kurangnya minat masyarakat menabung di BMT Masyarakat Madani Sumatera Utara (Studi kasus masyarakat tembung pasar IX). Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan. Medan: Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.

Does Usage of Islamic Microfinance Products Influence the Income, Education, and Health in Mauritania?

This paper attempts to determine the effect of the use of Islamic microfinance (IsMF) products on Mauritanians' income, education, and healthcare, as well as the gender invariance in the model. The article uses cross-sectional design data gathered through a questionnaire from a sample of 381 beneficiaries of the largest IsMF institution in Mauritania, PROCAPEC-Nouakchott. Using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method, the results found that the use of IsMF products has a significant impact on the income level; however, it did not significantly impact children's education and healthcare. Gender has no moderator effect on the relationships in the model.

Objectives and measures of performance of Islamic microfinance banks in Indonesia: the stakeholders' perspectives

PurposeThis study investigates both internal and external stakeholders' views on the objectives and measures of performance of Indonesian Islamic microfinance banks (IMFBs).Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with a wide range of internal and external stakeholders of IMFBs in Indonesia. The primary stakeholders interviewed comprised the board of directors of IMFBs located in several provinces in Indonesia, including rural and urban areas. The external stakeholders were the regulators/supervisors, represented by the Indonesian Financial Services Authority and Sharīʿah advisors of the National Sharīʿah Board as well as Muslim scholars. The data were analysed using CAQDAS, a computer-assisted tool for qualitative analysis.FindingsThe objectives of the IMFBs are seen to represent more than profits or economic well-being. Their objectives also comprise spirituality and daʿwah (Islamic propagation). Daʿwah is conducted through the provision of funding and services that are aligned with Sharīʿah (Islamic law), the dissemination of information about Islamic financing, which is based on Islamic values and principles, and the payment of zakat (Islamic alms) and charitable contributions. The measures of performance are considered to be more holistic than those of conventional banks. Profit and growth are deemed important as the means to achieve social well-being objectives.Research limitations/implicationsBetter insights into the objectives and measures of IMFBs could be achieved from interviews with other stakeholder categories, such as customers and the community. This could be the focus of future research.Originality/valueThis study added a new discussion to the limited empirical literature on IMFBs by investigating the views of stakeholders on the objectives and performance of IMFBs in Indonesia.

Analisis Dampak Program Pemberdayaan Terhadap Kesejahteraan Umat

Poverty is still a problem, especially in realizing prosperity. Many programs are carried out to alleviate poverty, one of which is the empowerment program carried out by Islamic microfinance institutions. This study aims to identify the effect of empowerment contracts on people's welfare. This study uses a quantitative approach. This study uses primary data obtained from interviews, observation, documentation. The data analysis technique used a regression approach. The results and discussion showed that the empowerment contract which included the qardhul hasan and musyarakah contracts had a significant effect on customers' income. Thus, empowerment through the qardhul hasan and musyarakah contract schemes can be developed to realize the welfare of the people.

Effectiveness of Musharakah Financing in Empowering Small Micro Enterprises

The present study aims to analyse the effectiveness of musharakah financing for empowering micro-businesses in the perspective of entrepreneurs. This research is qualitative research using a critical analysis method. This study uses interviews as a research instrument to find out what factors affect the effectiveness of musharakah financing in empowering micro small business of BMT entrepreneurs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Entrepreneurs from two BMT in Yogyakarta had been interviewed. The results showed that BMT musharakah financing played an important role in the business development of Micro and Small Business, especially in terms of increasing business capital, easy access to take financing and a small amount of instalments. In addition, musharakah financing is effective in encouraging MSE empowerment, to increase the amount of merchandise inventory, add new types of products, expand businesses and add new equipment for business facilities. This study limits the ability to generate findings to a larger population of small-micro enterprises which obtain shariah financing from Islamic microfinance institutions (Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil) in Indonesia. The research findings can be used on how to empower small-micro enterprises with the Islamic financing and the development of Islamic microfinance institutions. This paper has contributed to the approach of empowering small micro-businesses with musharakah financing, which is considered to have a less contribution to BMT income. In addition, this study uses a critical analysis method to get a new perspective on the use of musharakah financing from the view of small entrepreneurs.