The challenges of empowering waqf land in Indonesia: an analytical network process analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Qudsi Fauzi ◽  
Meri Indri Hapsari ◽  
Sri Herianingrum ◽  
Sunan Fanani ◽  
Tuti Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Network Process

Purpose This paper aims to identify the factors that hinder the successful empowerment of waqf land in Indonesia empirically by applying the analytic networking process (ANP). Design/methodology/approach In this study, after the waqf land problem criteria were introduced, an ANP model was developed and applied to identify the main problem, solution and strategy as a framework to guide stakeholders to produce policy recommendations appropriately and optimally. Findings The results showed that the main priority of the problem is the nadzir aspect. Furthermore, each criterion’s problems are a low public trust, unprofessional nadzir (waqf manager), a huge number of idle waqf lands, the absence of waqf certificates and non-economic waqf lands utilisation. Meanwhile, the main priorities for each aspect of the solution are socialisation and education to the community, nadzir certification, utilisation of information technology for the administration of waqf land governance, waqf land certification and innovation of waqf land development projects. Then, the long-term strategic priority is optimising the community’s role in the empowerment of waqf land. Research limitations/implications The development of the ANP model would give the institutions a modest, flexible and convenient approach to evaluate the barriers present in waqf land. However, ANP requires greater effort because it is a highly complex methodology that compels a study to use more numerical calculations in assessing composite priorities. Originality/value Not many studies on waqf land issues in Indonesia have been discussed empirically. Most of these studies are in the form of descriptive studies. This study introduces the ANP approach to illustrate the main problems of waqf land empowerment in Indonesia. ANP is a new approach to the decision-making process through a process that produces a general framework for treating decisions without making assumptions regarding independence between elements.

Holding aid-related misconduct accountable: civil and administrative remedies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Junsong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blind Spot ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Pro Bono ◽  
Legal Responsibilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical analysis on aid-related misconduct and sectoral regulatory failures. Via a series of Oxfam revelations, this paper aims to highlight potential civil and administrative remedies to rectify wrongdoings and increase accountability in aid organizations. Design/methodology/approach Chronicling recent revelations of misconduct by aid workers, this paper begins with an overview of moral and legal responsibilities of the entrusted; then it illustrates how the Oxfam misconduct violates those moral and legal responsibilities in aid delivery. The author draws upon legal and administrative dilemmas on regulating the aid sector and aid workers’ behavior. Finally, this paper offers practical civil remedies for the harmed and administrative remedies for long-term institutional reforms. Findings The damage – across a broad spectrum of interests, caused by aid workers engaging in exploitative conduct – not only is a betrayal of the trust reposed by vulnerable people in these individuals but also a failure with far-reaching implications on the part of the donor organizations. The use of the criminal law in aid-related misconduct is highly problematic, assuming a specific offense is committed (which, in many cases, it may not have). There are jurisdictional limitations on the ability of donor countries and international regulations other than in regard to peacekeepers are almost nonexistent. Given such context, civil and administrative remedies provide a viable alternative for the harmed who seek justice. Research limitations/implications Legal remedies can be highly jurisdictional contingent. Depending on the specific jurisdiction where misconduct takes place, there are potentially other suited remedies not mentioned in this paper to address aid workers’ unethical behavior. Practical implications This paper provides tips on using existing legal channel (the civil law) and available pro bono resources to hold transgressors and their employers accountable. Social implications Effective regulating aid-related conduct prevents further harm on vulnerable people and restores public trust in the aid sector. Originality/value This paper addresses the regulatory blind spot on aid workers’ exploitative conduct through the context of Oxfam revelations. Second, it provides practical policy recommendations for navigating legal and administrative dilemmas on regulating aid workers’ behavior.

Approaches to the design of refugee camps

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Jahre ◽  
Joakim Kembro ◽  
Anicet Adjahossou ◽  
Nezih Altay
Keyword(s):  
Case Analysis ◽  
Human Migration ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interview Guide ◽  
Global Coverage ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

Purpose An unprecedented scale of human migration has lead humanitarians to view camps as long-term settlements rather than temporary holding facilities. The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of and identify challenges with this proposed new approach to camp design. Design/methodology/approach Based on the camp design literature, the authors developed an interview guide and checklist for data collection. A multi-site case study and within- and cross-case analysis was then conducted. Findings The findings suggest that the proposed new approach is implemented only to a limited extent, and mostly in a stepwise manner. As camps mature, there is a shift toward the new approach, but most camps are established using the traditional top-down, temporary, and isolated approach. Research limitations/implications The findings are based on four camps in four different countries and do not provide an exhaustive global coverage. Practical implications The insights the authors derived and the challenges identified from the empirical evidence can be used to better plan future camps. Social implications The results can support improvements in camp design, thus alleviating suffering for both refugees and host communities, particularly in developing countries. In particular, the trade-off between a permanent solution and the temporary must be accounted for. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by developing and proposing a conceptual framework to camp design. The cross-case analysis provides an initial understanding and categorization of challenges with implementing the new approach. It also suggests an evolutionary perspective of camp design.

AMLO crime strategy to face major challenges in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
President Elect

Subject New security strategies. Significance When he takes office on December 1, President-elect Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) will inherit responsibility for addressing some of Mexico’s worst-ever rates of violent crime. Rejecting the failed, militaristic security strategies of President Enrique Pena Nieto, AMLO has pledged a new approach based on long-term prevention, investment and a shake-up of the security forces. His recognition of the need for a change of direction is promising, but his plans are ambitious and lacking in detail, and his goals have already been revised down on multiple occasions. Impacts Rapidly changing security challenges will test the effectiveness and viability of AMLO’s security approach. Morena’s control of both houses of Congress will be insufficient to guarantee security policies’ success. Limited financial resources may affect AMLO’s ability to improve overall security.

scholarly journals An integrated three-layered foresight framework

foresight ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis van Dorsser ◽  
Poonam Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Major Transitions ◽  
Meta Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Changing World

Purpose The paper aims to present an integrated foresight framework and method to support decision-makers who are confronted with today’s complex and rapidly changing world. The method aims at reducing the degree of uncertainty by addressing the inertia or duration of unfolding trends and by placing individual trends in a broader context. Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a three-layered framework and method for assessing megatrends based on their inertia or duration. It suggests that if long-term trends and key future uncertainties are studied in conjunction at a meta-level and placed in a broader multi-layered framework of trends, it can result in new insights. Findings The application of the proposed foresight method helps to systematically place a wide range of unrelated trends and key uncertainties in the context of a broader framework of trends, thereby improving the ability to understand the inertia, direction and mutual interaction of these trends. Research limitations/implications The elaboration of identified trends and key uncertainties is partly case-specific and subject to interpretation. It is aimed at illustrating the potential use of the framework. Practical implications The paper presents a new approach that may, by itself or in combination with existing foresight methods, offer new means for anticipating future developments. Social implications The use of the proposed framework has potential to provide better insight in the complexity of today’s rapid-changing world and the major transitions taking place. It aims to result in sharper foresight by reducing epistemic uncertainty for decision-makers. Originality/value The paper demonstrates how megatrends, Kondratieff waves and century-long trends can be placed in an integrated framework and analysed in conjunction.

A systems theory for lean describing natural connections in an XPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1393
Author(s):  
Christer Osterman ◽  
Anders Fundin
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Cherry Picking ◽  
A Company

PurposeMany organizations report difficulties in integrating lean. A possible cause could be that methods and tools do not support each other. The purpose of this research is, therefore, to explore the nature of the connections within the system. Understanding these provides practitioners with a better way of defining their system and offers researchers a conceptual model with a new way of understanding a company-specific production system (XPS).Design/methodology/approachThe study is designed as a multiple case study with three organizations and, in total, 25 lean experts serving as respondents.FindingsThe connections between the elements of an XPS act as a duality based on a problem–solution (P–S) relation. These are categorized according to complexity and can be mapped into a conceptual model, where the connections can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical.Research limitations/implicationsThe results provide a method to analyze causes and effects in an XPS and a conceptual model. Given the limitations of a multiple case study, future research should explore connections depending on a broader variety of contextual conditions.Practical implicationsThe results present a way to avoid a cherry-picking problem through understanding connections between elements in an XPS. This provides a new way to understand the weaknesses of an XPS.Originality/valueThe research provides a new approach with insights on how to conduct research in lean production by facilitating how to understand and interpret connections between elements in a system.

Interstitial gamma irradiation by 198Au of the pituitary in diabetic retinopathy

1977 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Schaub ◽  
Gabor Szikla ◽  
Pierre Drouin ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Bluet-Pajot ◽  
Luc Mejean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vascular Proliferation ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
Retinitis Proliferans

✓ Pituitary interstitial irradiation by stereotaxic implantation of a gamma pointemitter was performed in 110 patients with progressing diabetic retinopathy. Reduction of growth hormone secretion peaks was delayed, but was consistent and selective in all cases controlled by somatotropin stimulation tests, while other pituitary secretions remained unchanged in all but five cases. In 31 patients who had no associated photocoagulation, long-term postoperative assessment showed significant improvement of hemorrhages and intraretinal new vessels with preservation of visual acuity. Preretinal vascular proliferation (except when treatable by photocoagulation), extensive retinitis proliferans, and macular deterioration are contraindications. This technique represents a new approach in the functional pituitary neurosurgical treatment of diabetic retinopathy and differs from all other procedures that result in a more or less complete hypophysectomy.

Alternative future images of Tehran: scenario-based analysis

foresight ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Firoozpour ◽  
Ehsan Marzban ◽  
Ali Asghar Pourezzat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alternative Future ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The City ◽  
Voluntary Cooperation

Purpose Thinking and deciding about the future of the city as a combination of complex and uncertain systems is extremely difficult. This complexity, uncertainty and difficulty will be increased when our thoughts and decisions address the city’s long-term future. Considering these issues, the need for future thinking and alternate thinking in the process of urban management and planning becomes even more necessary. The purpose of this paper is to identify and explain the alternate futures of Tehran. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, this study have tried to study alternate future images of Tehran in an archetypal form of “growth, collapse, disciplined society and transformed society” using “Dator’s Four Generic Alternate Futures” method. Findings These alternate futures, after identifying their key trends and drivers, have been narrated in the form of four scenarios called: “capital business center,” “crossing the fate of ray,” “Tehran family” and “Tehran investigators.” Increasing the authority and responsibility of the local governance, modification of Tehran urban management model and development of voluntary cooperation and democratic participation, are among the policy recommendations made on the basis of these images. Originality/value Achieving these images in parallel with identifying the most important challenges and opportunities in alternate futures will provide the basis for policy-making in Tehran’s future urban governance. It can be a creative model for developing future images for other cities.

scholarly journals Setting the Stage: Genes Controlling Mechanosensation and Ca2+ Signaling in Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gary Sawers
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proton Motive Force ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Membrane Biogenesis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gene Knockouts ◽  
Keio Collection ◽  
Outer Membrane Biogenesis

ABSTRACT Although mechanistic understanding of calcium signaling in bacteria remains inchoate, current evidence clearly links Ca2+ signaling with membrane potential and mechanosensation. Adopting a radically new approach, Luder et al. scanned the Keio collection of Escherichia coli gene knockouts (R. Luder, G. N. Bruni, and J. M. Kralj, J Bacteriol 203:e00509-20, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00509-20) to identify mutations that cause changes in Ca2+ transients. They identify genes associating Ca2+ signaling with outer membrane biogenesis, proton motive force, and, surprisingly, long-term DNA damage. Their work has major implications for electrophysiological communication between bacteria and their environment.

The role of satellite technologies in relief logistics

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Xavier Delmonteil ◽  
Marie-Ève Rancourt
Keyword(s):  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Supply Chains ◽  
Humanitarian Operations ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Field Workers

Purpose The devastating impact of catastrophic disasters on terrestrial infrastructure requires the adoption of alternative technology solutions among humanitarian organizations. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of the most commonly used satellite technologies in relief logistics: imagery and mapping, portable global positioning system (GPS) positioning devices, telecommunications, and GPS vehicle tracking. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines both the benefits and limitations of satellite technologies in light of the existing literature and through a complementary questionnaire survey with field workers involved in humanitarian operations in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Findings The results show that the use of satellite technologies can facilitate most of the key logistics challenges encountered by relief actors. However, they also highlight important barriers within humanitarian organizations such as the lack of skilled workers and high costs, underlining the need for long-term training, resource investments, and cooperation between users and technology providers. Research limitations/implications The research findings remain valid only in the context of catastrophic disaster responses, which lead to similar destructions, logistical problems, and needs for satellite technologies. Practical implications This paper shows how satellite technologies can support humanitarian professionals in the field. It also provides policy recommendations that can facilitate the use of these technologies. Originality/value The applications of satellite technologies within humanitarian supply chains are not well-defined in the literature. This paper is the first to be dedicated to analyze the role of the main satellite technologies used in a relief logistics setting.

Reduction of major amputations in the diabetic ischaemic foot: A strategy to "take control" with conservative care as well as revascularisation

VASA ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement 58) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmonds ◽  
Foster
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Staging System ◽  
Vascular Control ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Conservative Care ◽  
Arterial Bypass ◽  
Therapeutic Footwear ◽  
Frequent Problem

The diabetic ischaemic foot has become an increasingly frequent problem over the last decade. However, we report a new approach consisting of a basic classification, a simple staging system of the natural history and a treatment plan for each stage, within a multi-disciplinary framework. This approach of "taking control" consists of two parts: 1. long-term conservative care including debridement of ulcers (to obtain wound control), eradication of sepsis (micribiological control), and provision of therapeutic footwear (mechanical control), and 2. revascularisation by angioplasty and arterial bypass (vascular control). This approach has led to a 50% reduction in the rate of major amputations in patients attending with ischaemic ulceration and absent foot pulses from 1989 to 1999 (from 4.6% to 2.3% per year). Patients who underwent angioplasty increased from 6% to 13%. Arterial bypass similarly increased from 3% to 7% of cases. However, even with an increased rate of revascularisation, 80% of patients responded to conservative care alone. This,we conclude, is an essential part of the management of all patients with ischaemic feet.

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