Culture and attitudes towards contraception of women in subsistence markets: the role of values and social axioms

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Divaries Cosmas Jaravaza ◽  
Fanny Saruchera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Social Complexity ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
Fate Control ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Social Cynicism ◽  
Subsistence Markets

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of culture on attitudes to contraception by rural-based women in a developing economy. Design/methodology/approach Based on data collected from 395 rural women in Eastern Zimbabwe, this study examines the hypothesized relationships between values (resultant conservation, resultant self-enhancement), social axioms (reward for application, social cynicism, religiosity, social complexity, fate control and Ubuntu) and contraceptive attitudes, considering the moderating effects of age and education. Findings Using covariance-based Structural Equation Modelling and Multi-Group Analysis, this study found that resultant self-enhancement, fate control, the reward for application and religiosity significantly relate to attitudes to contraception whilst resultant conservation, social complexity, Ubuntu and social cynicism, did not produce significant correlations. Age and education moderate the significant relationships. Research limitations/implications The study's findings suggest that contraception social marketers, non-governmental organizations and health practitioners should develop marketing strategies to neutralize the negative impact of these beliefs held by rural contraceptive consumers to increase contraceptive awareness and uptake in such subsistence markets. In addition, this study provides empirical evidence on the role of Ubuntu as a new culture construct in African markets. Originality/value Despite being limited to a single developing economy, this paper extends prior research on consumer culture and attitudes on contraception use by exploring the role of values and social axioms, an imperative issue for rural women health and general subsistence market well-being.

scholarly journals Social axioms and coping strategies: the case of a Greek sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Gari ◽  
Penny Panagiotopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Social Complexity ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Wishful Thinking ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
Fate Control ◽  
Social Cynicism

Social axioms are individual assessments of psychological, social, material and spiritual reality expressed as generalized beliefs or assertions about the relationship between two entities or concepts. This study explores how social axioms are associated with coping styles in a Greek sample composed of students and adults. Previous studies of how social axioms are related to coping styles showed that Social Complexity predicted the coping style of problem solving, Fate Control predicted the strategies of distancing, and Social Cynicism predicted the wishful thinking coping processes. In the present study, the 82 item questionnaire version of the Social Axioms Survey (SAS) was employed, along with the Folkman and Lazarus questionnaire of coping styles adapted in the Greek language. Both questionnaires were administered to a sample of 192 individuals, of 48 men and 144 women, among whom 108 were adults and 84 were university students. The sample was composed by two age groups: young adults-students of age 18-30 years (43.8%) and adults of age 31-59 years (56.3%). The results showed that Social Cynicism was not correlated in any way withcoping strategies; however, Social Complexity was significantly associated with problem solving strategies, and Fate control was also associated with wishful thinking and distancing coping strategies.

scholarly journals Social Axioms of Young and Old People in India: A Survey Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Singh ◽  
Shabana Bano
Keyword(s):  
Social Complexity ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Old People ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
Fate Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Cynicism

Social axioms play a crucial role in the individual’s belief and value systems. The major functions of axioms are to enhance the survival and functioning of people in their social environment. Leung and Bond (2004) proposed five dimensions of social axioms as social cynicism, social complexity, reward for application, fate control and religiosity. The present study was designed to examine the social axioms of younger and older people. The study was conducted with 86 participants (N=51 young and N=35 old) age ranged 20-30 and 50-60 years. They were sampled from various areas of Varanasi City. The social axioms survey (Leung, Bond, Carrasquel, Munoz, Hernandez, Murikami, Yamagushi, Biebrauer&Singelis, 2002) was administered to examine the participants. Result showed that older participants significantly higher on social cynicism, reward for application and religiosity than younger participants. With respect to social complexity and fate control, no significant difference was found. The findings suggest that social axioms are important to understand an individual’s behaviour in a given society.

Worldviews and Individual Vulnerability to Suicide: The Role of Social Axioms

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 602-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben C. P. Lam ◽  
Michael Harris Bond ◽  
Sylvia Xiaohua Chen ◽  
Wesley C. H. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
Individual Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cynicism

Research investigating the role of generalized beliefs about the world or worldviews is relatively scarce in the suicide literature. Two studies, using Hong Kong Chinese samples, examined how worldviews, as assessed by the Social Axioms Survey (SAS), were linked with individual vulnerability to suicide. In Study 1, we investigated the relationships of social axioms with various suicide indicators in cognitive, emotional and interpersonal domains, viz., suicidal ideation, negative self–esteem, psychache, burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Results from canonical correlation analysis showed that beliefs along the axiom dimensions of social cynicism, reward for application, and social complexity were linked to these suicide indicators. In Study 2, we tested the interplay of worldviews and personality traits in the prediction of suicidal thoughts. Hierarchical regression results demonstrated the predictive power of social axioms over and above that provided by the Big Five personality dimensions. Moreover, a significant interaction was observed between belief in reward for application and negative life events in predicting suicidal ideation, showing that reward for application buffered the effect of negative life events on suicidal ideation. Based on these results, we discussed the significance of worldviews as a consideration in suicide research and their implications for clinical assessment and intervention. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Capital factors and rural women entrepreneurship development

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonnatcha Kungwansupaphan ◽  
Jibon Kumar Sharma Leihaothabam
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Women Entrepreneurship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Narrow Scope ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the roles of four specific capital factors, namely, human, social, institutional and financial capitals, in rural women entrepreneurship. The focus was on the handloom sector in Manipur, India. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses qualitative research methodology with a multiple case study approach. Data were collected using in-depth interviews to study seven cases of rural women entrepreneurs. Findings The study highlights that human, social, institutional and financial capitals play significant roles in encouraging rural women to engage in entrepreneurial activities and influence strategic decisions. Each capital factor being interrelated, achieving the integration among them will considerably enhance entrepreneurial success. Research limitations/implications The main limitation is the narrow scope, emphasizing on only four capital factors. There are implications for further work on other types of capital. The study being sector specific, limits generalization. It contributes insights into the need for multi-sector examinations in the literature. Practical implications Rural women entrepreneurship needs are in line with understanding the roles of capital factors and their interrelations. The role of capital factors varies between prior and no prior entrepreneurial experiences. Originality/value This study provides information on the role of capital factors on rural women entrepreneurship and contributes to better understanding of how each capital factor is accumulated and utilized in rural women entrepreneurship development using the perspective of handloom sector in Manipur, India.

scholarly journals A critical discourse analysis to explain the failure of BoP strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Landrum
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Subsistence Markets

Purpose This paper aims to highlight differences between business and non-business literature regarding base of the pyramid (BoP) and subsistence contexts and reveal discourse’s powerful role in influencing goals, solutions and outcomes. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses critical discourse analysis to review a convenience sample of business versus non-business literature on the BoP and subsistence contexts. Findings Discourse used in business literature on the BoP is oriented toward hegemonic Western capitalist approaches that result in the depletion of resources, resource inequalities, poverty and increased consumption, dependence and environmental degradation and, therefore, cannot alleviate poverty. Research limitations/implications There are two primary limitations: the study relied on a convenience sample that was not random and comparatively, the business BoP literature is not as mature as the non-business subsistence literature and, therefore, the BoP field of study is not yet fully developed. Practical implications Discourse has a powerful role in revealing assumptions and guiding actions. A change in BoP discourse toward a strength-based approach can serve as a model of sustainability and can help powerful entities enact structural and systemic change. Originality/value This paper reveals the role of discourse in business BoP literature and how it perpetuates and even exacerbates the problems they were designed to alleviate: depletion of resources, resource inequalities, poverty and increased consumption, dependence and environmental degradation. The paper challenges researchers, economists and powerful guiding entities to reorient their discourse of the BoP to be more aligned with those of non-business researchers of subsistence markets.

The struggles for land rights by rural women in sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Massay
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide examples of how rural women in Tanzania have addressed land rights challenges, showcasing three interventions implemented by Tanzanian Civil Society Organizations. It demonstrates that women have used both legal and traditional systems to negotiate and mediate their claims to land. Although the interventions featured have been greatly shaped by the work of civil society organizations, they have equally been influenced by rural women movements and individual rural women. The cases selected provide understanding of women’s land rights issues in both privately and communally held property/land. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents literature review of the existing secondary data on the subject coupled with the interviews. Findings Informal and formal approaches have been used by rural women to negotiate their claims on both communal and private lands. CSOs have equally shaped the approaches employed by rural women. Research limitations/implications This research was mainly based on the secondary data and few key interviews. There is a need to conduct further analysis of the issues. Practical implications This paper highlights the role of CSOs in improving the participation of women in decision-making bodies. The wave of large-scale land-based investments has caused insecurity of land tenure for women. The paper shows some ways to address the problem in communal lands. Social implications Socially, the papers shows the power relations involved in the struggles over land, as well as the role of traditional systems and bylaws in protecting the rights of women. Originality/value The paper provides dynamics of gendered approach used by women to negotiate their claims in communally held lands. It also highlights the role and space of local and international CSOs in shaping the local context of resistance on land rights. It is a very useful paper for academics and practitioners working on land rights.

scholarly journals The social axioms of populism: Investigating the relationship between culture and populist attitudes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-455
Author(s):  
Waleed A. Jami ◽  
Markus Kemmelmeier
Keyword(s):  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Social World ◽  
Social Axioms ◽  
Fate Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Cynicism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Social Flexibility

Populism is on the rise with various movements having electoral breakthroughs. Most social-science research on populism has focused primarily on party tactics and rhetoric, and a definition for the term itself; only recently has populism emerged as a psychological construct. We contribute to this growing literature with two studies (n = 456 and n = 5,837) that investigated the cultural worldviews underpinned in populist attitudes. Using the social axioms model, an etic framework for assessing people’s generalized social expectations, we linked populist attitudes to universal dimensions of culture. We found that higher levels of social cynicism and social flexibility, and to a lesser extent, lower levels of fate control and reward for application predicted populist attitudes. These findings indicate that people who endorse populist attitudes, across a range of contexts, are cynical regarding the social world, believe in alternative solutions to social dilemmas, but may also perceive a world that is difficult to control and potentially unfair. The discussion focuses on the cultural forces that may drive or facilitate populist attitudes across context and time.

The mediating role of supply chain collaboration on the relationship between technology, trust and operational performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Asif Salam
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Developing Economy ◽  
Supply Chain Collaboration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Ongoing Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the link between trust, technology and supply chain collaboration and their impact on firms’ operational performances. Design/methodology/approach Based on extant literature, a hypothesized model was developed and tested using structural equation modelling (i.e. AMOS). A survey was conducted to collect data from the supply chain managers of fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies (more precisely in the food and beverage sector) in Thailand. Findings The study findings suggest that through an ongoing relationship, trust evolves and is shaped over time and can form a competitive capability that may not be easy for competitors to replicate. Both trust and technology are found to have significant impact on supply chain collaboration and on firms’ operational performances. Research limitations/implications One of the major limitations of the study is that the data were obtained from one single economy, which restricts its generalizability across other economies. The study was a cross-sectional and descriptive sample of the FMCG industry at a given point in time. A more stringent test of the relationships between trust, technology, supply chain collaboration and operational performance requires an in-depth case study or longitudinal study. Practical implications The findings will enable supply chain managers in the FMCG industry to understand the strategic role of trust and technology in building supply chain collaboration that leads to superior operational performance. Originality/value The paper clearly confirms that trust and technological capabilities are significantly associated with supply chain collaboration and operational performance. Most of the earlier supply chain collaboration research streams are based on developed economies where supply chain collaboration challenges are predictable, while the current study conducted is based on a developing economy setting. This study facilitates the author’s understanding of the challenges in managing supply chain collaboration within a developing economy.

Cynical consumer: how social cynicism impacts consumer attitude

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indirah Indibara ◽  
Sanjeev Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Social Cynicism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of social cynicism on consumer cynicism. The negative inferred motive is tested as a mediator between social cynicism and consumer cynicism; whereas, negative affectivity is tested as a moderator between social cynicism and negative inferred motive. Design/methodology/approach The study was carried out in India using a mixed-method approach. In the first stage, a survey was conducted to test the moderated mediation model, followed by in-depth interviews in the second stage. The survey was analysed using structural equation modelling, while themes were generated from the data collected through interviews. Findings The study established the effect of social cynicism on consumer cynicism. Negative inferred motive mediated the relationship between social cynicism and consumer cynicism. Negative affectivity moderated the influence of social cynicism on negative inferred motive. Research limitations/implications With rising anti-consumption behaviours, it is imperative to understand why consumers turn cynical towards marketers. The study indicates that consumer cynicism is influenced by previous experiences of the consumer with the society and is not merely a reaction to arm-twisting by firms. As social cynicism cannot be changed drastically, understanding how it impacts consumer cynicism would help a firm handle its marketing efforts better. Originality/value The study empirically validates the relationship between social cynicism and consumer cynicism. The mediating effect of negative inferred motive on consumer cynicism was also validated. The study is also the first to point out the moderating role of negative affectivity on the relationship between social cynicism and negative inferred motive.

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