Optimization of casting process through reliability approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Mangey Ram ◽  
Rohit Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A ◽  
Casting System ◽  
Good State ◽  
Casting Industry ◽  
Repair Facility

Purpose The quality of production is an essential factor for the performance measure of a system; a casting process is the same section. It is a type of metal-forming practice in which the required shape of metal is acquired by pouring molten metal into the mold cavity and allowing it to solidify. Casting is done to provide strength and rigidity to the parts of a system for bearing mechanical impacts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the various aspects which affect the casting process in the foundry industry, in order to optimize the quality of casting, with the assumption that sufficient repair facility is always available. Design/methodology/approach The considered casting system can have many defects such as the mold shift defect, blowhole defect, defect of shrinkage and porosity, defect of inclusion, defect of cold shut and much more. The studied system can be in three states during the process, namely, good state, failed state and degraded state. The system can repair after minor failures as well as a major failure. The average failure rates of various defects of the system considered as constant and repairs follow the general time distribution. The system is analyzed with the help of the supplementary variable technique and the Laplace transformation for evaluating its various performance measures in order to improve its performance/production. Findings This work provides a strong understanding of the casting industry, that which failure affects the production of casting and how much. For better understanding, the results have been demonstrated with the help of graphs. Originality/value In the present paper, a mathematical model based on the casting process in manufacturing industry has been developed.

A teaching note on the controllability “Principle” and performance measurement

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
Steven T. Schwartz ◽  
Eric E. Spires ◽  
Richard A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Finished Good ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Intermediate Measure ◽  
And Performance

Purpose The purpose of this note is to expose accounting students and others to recent findings in management control, specifically to the relationship between the informativeness of a performance measure and its usefulness in performance evaluation. Design/methodology/approach Numerical examples illuminate key ideas and are easy to follow and replicate by students. Findings Seemingly in contradiction to the controllability principle, performance measures that are informative about actions taken by employees are not necessarily useful for performance evaluation. This occurs when the performance being measured is related to an intermediate task, such as prepping items prior to final assembly. If prepping is an important factor in the quality of not only the intermediate good but also the finished good, and the quality of the finished good can be reasonably measured, it may not be useful to measure the prepping performance. This result holds even if obtaining the intermediate measure is costless and the intermediate measure provides unique information on the effort given to the intermediate task. Originality/value Opportunities to measure employees’ intermediate outputs are ubiquitous; therefore, judicious decisions should be made regarding the use of limited monitoring resources. This note contains intuitive, easy-to-follow illustrations (based on recent findings) that will help students and others identify situations where such evaluations are more and less useful.

Quantifying accuracy of a concept laser metal additive machine through the NIST test artifact

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Jason M. Weaver ◽  
T.J. Barton ◽  
John Linn ◽  
Derrik Jenkins ◽  
Michael P. Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Additive Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A ◽  
Inclined Surfaces ◽  
Touch Probe ◽  
Metal Additive

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the use of a test artifact proposed by NIST to quantify the dimensional accuracy of a metal additive manufacturing process. Insights from this paper are given concerning both the performance of the machine, a concept laser Mlab cusing machine, and the applicability of the NIST test artifact in characterizing accuracy. Recommendations are given for improving the artifact and standardizing a process for evaluating dimensional accuracy across the additive manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach Three builds of the NIST additive manufacturing test artifact were fabricated in 316 stainless steel on a concept laser Mlab cusing machine. The paper follows the procedure described by NIST for characterizing dimensional accuracy of the additive process. Features including pins, holes and staircase flats of various sizes were measured using an optical measurement system, a touch probe and a profilometer. Findings This paper describes the accuracy of printed features’ size and position on the test artifact, as well as surface finish on flat and inclined surfaces. Trends in variation of these dimensions are identified, along with possible root causes and remedies. This paper also describes several strengths and weaknesses in the design of the test artifact and the proposed measurement strategy, with recommendations on how to improve and standardize the process. Originality/value This paper reviews a previously proposed design and process for measuring the capabilities of additive manufacturing processes. It also suggests improvements that can be incorporated into future designs and standardized across the industry.

Thailand’s dual education system: a way forward

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jomphong Mongkhonvanit
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the status, values, and attributes of dual education. It investigates key elements of the dual education system in four selected countries while examining and recommending dynamics and roles for governmental policy, technical and vocational institutes, and employers in developing a dual education system in Thailand to generate a competitive workforce. The tripartite system of technical and vocational institutes, employers, and government in Thailand’s dual education is central to this study. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a documentary study, a survey, in-depth interviews, and responses from a focus group from technical and vocational institutes, employers, and the government. Findings This study found growing interest among technical and vocational institutes, employers, parents, and students in dual education. Within the tripartite system framework, the nine essential factors to improve the capacity of Thailand’s dual education system are: the technical and vocational institutes, curriculum, in-school teachers, accredited qualification, students, employers, in-company trainers, government policy, and government and related agencies. The government, companies, and technical and vocational institutes must collaborate for mutual trust and benefit while ensuring the quality of dual education programs. Originality/value This study is the first to examine the status and development of dual education in Thailand through the collaboration of key players. This study reflects the challenges of a major developing country in developing a dual education system, which other countries might face.

Computational and experimental study of lattice structured patterns for casting process

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ablyaz Timur Rizovich ◽  
Muratov Karim Ravilevich ◽  
Алексей Aleksey Шумков ◽  
Evgeniy Shlykov ◽  
Sahil Dhiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Ni Alloy ◽  
Porosity Coefficient ◽  
Ceramic Shell Mold

Purpose The quality of lost foam casted engineering components is directly influenced by the characteristics of the respective ceramic shell mold (CSM) and hence casting pattern. In this present work, rapid prototyping (RP) was used to fabricate the lattice structured patterns (LSPs) to reduce the defects and cracks in CSM during the heating stage. Design/methodology/approach The quality of the LSPs was accessed by measuring the dimensional accuracy. Further, the thermal stress in the CSM during the heating of porosity varied LSPs was analyzed using ANSYS software package 16.0. The Ni-alloy casting was fabricated by using the designed LSP and compared with its respective CAD model to access its quality. Findings The obtained results revealed that the Wigner–Seitz LSPs retained high accuracy and minimized the stress for defect-free CSM. Also, the thermal stress generated in the CSM depends upon the porosity coefficient of the LSP. Hence the interplay with porosity coefficient of LSPs leads to the formation of defect free CSM and hence high quality casting. Originality/value RP was used to develop LSPs and investigated the dependency of unit cell parameters on the accuracy of the final casting.

scholarly journals Brazil and China: towards a mass and universal educational system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo de Melo Costa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Student Leadership ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System A ◽  
Pass Through

PurposeChina has invested massively in higher education, reaching a mass system, envisaging, as a next step, reaching a universal system. Brazil is still an elite system but needs to create adequate public policies to migrate to a mass system. The purpose of this article is to analyze the paradigms for a mass educational system, with regard to the quality of education offered, and the prospects for achieving a universal system, with Brazil and China as a reference.Design/methodology/approachThe author applied an exploratory and qualitative method, through categorical content analysis. The data were collected through nine interviews with government managers, 15 unstructured (open) questionnaires to specialists in higher education and four student leadership.FindingsThe results indicate that the change from an elite system to a mass system impacts quality, as there is an inevitable change in experience. However, this modification does not testify against the mass system, as it is necessary for a nation to pass through it and structure itself adequately in order to reach the universal system, a path desired by both countries.Originality/valueThe study presented the reflections observed by the migration from the elite system to the mass system from the main stakeholders of the system in China and the prospects for Brazil to become a mass system. Additionally, it presented the perspectives for both countries to achieve the desired universal system.

Textbook ranking and an assessment method and system: a case study using surveying textbooks

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 861-880
Author(s):  
Chien-Min Kuo ◽  
Kuan-Yu Chen ◽  
Yi-Ching Lin
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Method ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Work Related ◽  
System A ◽  
Computer Aided

Purpose Teachers, students, librarians, scholars and domain experts often spend a lot of time and effort to select good and suitable textbooks. This study aims to propose and construct a computer-aided bibliometric system to rate textbooks. Through the software system designed here, the quality of every textbook can be easily and quickly known. This system will benefit both scholars and librarians. Design/methodology/approach Four methods were used to evaluate textbooks in this study, including: questionnaire recommendation analysis, dissertation citation analysis, library circulation analysis and bibliography analysis. The system architecture includes three subsystems: the textbook indexing and searching subsystem, the statistics added-value analysis subsystem and the citation report inquiry subsystem. An example demonstrates the usability and validity of the proposed method and system. The example uses surveying textbooks. The following percentages were used in the correlation calculation: textbook citation percentage (TCP), textbook library circulation percentage (TLP) and textbook recommend percentage (TRP). Findings There are three textbook assessment methods applied in this study, including: dissertation citation, library circulation and questionnaire recommendation. Dissertation citations for textbooks have a high correlation value with library circulation. The frequency correlation calculation was 0.7, while the TCP, TLP and TRP correlation calculation was 0.84. Therefore, the dissertation citation method can be accepted to evaluate textbooks effectively. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work related to evaluating surveying textbooks using a computer-aided bibliometrics system that can deal with large amounts of data and generate results quickly. This can be applied to other fields as well.

scholarly journals Quality improvement in readymade garments industry by traffic light system

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Tus Sadia ◽  
MD Faisal Hanif ◽  
Mehedi Hasan Chaion ◽  
Mohammad Abu Sayed Rafi ◽  
MD Jamir Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Light System ◽  
System A ◽  
Average Defect ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Garment Manufacturing

Consumers, manufacturers, and retailers worldwide are becoming conscious about high quality products at minimum cost. But plenty of apparels are becoming waste which increases the cost of production. As resources are decreasing but increasing costs of the products. Effective apparel waste management is needed to ensure the profit. Reducing such waste can be profitable options for the manufacturers as well as the buyers. Considering this matter, a project work is done in a ready-made garment manufacturing industry to improve the quality of the products through using a traffic light system. A traffic light system was implemented to minimize the defect rates of production. The study shows that the average defect rates were dropped from 4.13 to 1.25 pieces of a line for daily eight hours of production. By implementing this system, the defect rates are minimized and the monthly production is also increased and it clearly depicts that the monthly capacity before implementing the traffic light system was equivalent but the defective production was more whereas, after implementation, the defective production was negligible.

Technology and Hospital Information System: A Case of Implementation of Electronic Clinical Records in Hospital Maternity Irene Neto in Lubango, Angola

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1131-1135
Author(s):  
Tomas Hambili Paulo Sanjuluca ◽  
◽  
Ricardo Correia ◽  
Anabela Antunes de Almeida ◽  
Ana Gloria Diaz Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
System A ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Retrospective Case Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Child Health

Introduction: In order to have a good assessment of the quality of maternal and child health care, it is essential that there is up-to-date and reliable information. Objective: To evaluate the impact of the implementation of a computerized database of clinical processes in the admission, archive and medical statistics section, of Maternity hospital Irene Neto/Lubango-Angola. Methodology: A descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach to carry out a retrospective case study deliveries and newborns, records from 2014 to 2017. Final considerations: The implementation of this project may contribute to the improvement of clinical management support management of the hospital as well as facilitating access to information for research and scientific production.

UGR CALCULATION BASED ON THE LUMINANCE SPATIAL-ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Viktor Zheltov ◽  
Viktor Chembaev
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Visual Task ◽  
New Method ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
System A ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method

The article has considered the calculation of the unified glare rating (UGR) based on the luminance spatial-angular distribution (LSAD). The method of local estimations of the Monte Carlo method is proposed as a method for modeling LSAD. On the basis of LSAD, it becomes possible to evaluate the quality of lighting by many criteria, including the generally accepted UGR. UGR allows preliminary assessment of the level of comfort for performing a visual task in a lighting system. A new method of "pixel-by-pixel" calculation of UGR based on LSAD is proposed.

ANAAC AND HIGHER EDUCATION IN, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Singh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Education In India

Quality, as we know so far, was originally developed in the manufacturing industry. In the area of higher education, the adoption of quality control has been superficial and diluted by the exercise of academic . Further, the prevailing culture of universities is often based on individual autonomy, which is zealously guarded. Thus, it is usually difficult to apply the features of quality to higher education considering the fact that quality requires. However, the quality of higher education is very important for its stakeholders. Notably, providers (funding bodies and the community at large), students, staff and employers of graduates are. The most commonly grouped dimensions of quality are product, software and service. In the changing context marked by expansion of higher education and globalization of economic activities, education has become a national concern with an international dimension. To cope with this changing context, countries have been pressurized to ensure and assure quality of higher education at a nationally comparable and internationally acceptable standard. Consequently, many countries initiated “national quality assurance mechanisms” and many more are in the process of evolving a suitable strategy. Most of the quality assurance bodies were established in the nineties and after a few years of practical experience, they are rethinking many issues of quality assurance. At this juncture where countries look for experiences and practices elsewhere, the experience of India has many valuable lessons and this report is an attempt to share those developments..

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