Response of multistory steel structure subjected to differential settlements of its foundation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Hanna ◽  
Wenxue Chen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Differential Settlement ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Element Technique

PurposeThis article aims to address an outstanding problem dealing with the structure and its foundation.Design/methodology/approachDifferential settlement between foundation units of a multistory structure has been responsible for serious damage to buildings and often catastrophic failure and loss of life. The dynamic changes in the loading conditions of the structure, and the variability of the underlying ground due to environmental changes, are causing the undesirable differential settlement, which is manifested in the form of additional stresses in beams, columns and distortion of the structure elements. The structural response to the differential settlements depends on the type of the structure (concrete or steel), type of beam-to-column connections (rigid or semi-rigid), number of floors and the spans of the beams in the building. This paper presents the results of a numerical model, which was developed using the finite element technique and the software “ABAQUS” to analyze a nine-floor steel structure. The model was capable to capture the stresses and the strains developed in beams and columns and the relationships of moment–settlement and rotation–settlement for the structural during the differential settlement of its foundation. After validating of the model, data were produced for a wide range of governing parameters for rigid and semi-rigid connections and accordingly the mode of failure. The results can be used as a guideline for the design of steel structures.FindingsResults are useful for those design steel structures.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is based on the experimental and numerical data of the authors.Practical implicationsThis study provides a guideline for the design of steel structures.Originality/valueThis is the original research developed by the authors.

Probabilistic Seismic Loss Analysis for the Design of Steel Structures: Optimizing for Multiple-Objective Functions

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1587-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Saadat ◽  
Charles V. Camp ◽  
Shahram Pezeshk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Time History ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Nonstructural Components ◽  
Central United States

An optimized seismic performance-based design (PBD) methodology considering structural and nonstructural system performance and seismic losses is considered to optimize the design of a steel structure. Optimization objectives are to minimize the initial construction cost associated with the weight of the structural system and the expected annual loss (EAL), considering direct economic losses. A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm method is implemented for the multi-objective optimization. Achieving the desired confidence levels in meeting performance objectives of interest are set as constraints of the optimization problem. Inelastic time history analysis is used to evaluate structural response under different levels of earthquake hazard to obtain engineering demand parameters. Hazus fragility functions are employed for obtaining the damage probabilities for the structural system and nonstructural components. The optimized designs and losses are compared for the structure located in two geographic locations: one in the central United States and another in the western United States.

Performance assessment of steel structures with semi-rigid joints in seismic areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Said Hicham Boukhalkhal ◽  
Abd Nacer Touati Ihaddoudène ◽  
Luis Filipe Da Costa Neves ◽  
Pedro Colmar Gonçalves da Silva Vellasco ◽  
Wafa Madi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Response ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Dynamical Response ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Joint Flexibility ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inelastic Behaviour ◽  
Rigid Joints ◽  
The Ideal

Purpose It is well known that the real behaviour of joints lies between the ideal pinned or rigid joint responses. Additionally the influence of this behaviour on the global structural response has been widely studied in the past centred on the plastic resistance or the critical load. On the other hand, there are relatively few studies focusing on the dynamical response of these structures. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Two types of structures with rigid and semi-rigid joints were considered. Their inelastic response was evaluated using the N2 conventional pushover method, and were later compared to the results from a full non-linear dynamic analysis. Findings The results indicated that increasing joint flexibility makes the structure less rigid, lengthening its fundamental period and enhancing its horizontal displacement. Furthermore, a parametric study showed that joint flexibility might be of paramount importance to low to medium rise buildings response. Originality/value The evaluation of the influence of joint flexibility on the inelastic behaviour of steel structures located in seismic zone is of paramount importance, and is tackled in this paper.

Tacit vs explicit knowledge as antecedents for organizational change

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1123-1141
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Tacit And Explicit Knowledge

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the dichotomous role of knowledge through an examination of tacit and explicit knowledge in organizational change contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe study's aim is achieved by an analytical review of the seminal and contemporary knowledge management literature.FindingsThe paper contributes to the current body of knowledge management literature by analyzing a wide range of key literature and presenting a contemporary overview that compares the role of tacit and explicit knowledge within organizational change contexts.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings contribute toward theoretical development in the knowledge management field by providing researchers with future research directions to build upon previous theoretical understandings and advance our collective knowledge of the research domain.Practical implicationsThe paper offers practical and pragmatic insights that will help firm managers to use tacit and/or explicit knowledge to manage organizational change.Originality/valueThis article presents an original comparative table that summarizes and compares the key understandings and insights from across the literature sources on a range of important aspects, and then presents implications for the two knowledge typologies. The paper also presents an original research framework containing a structured database of related calls for research by the latest academic publications. Furthermore, it provides specific and informed managerial recommendations for best practice in the integration of these knowledge typologies into organizational change management.

scholarly journals Researching the financial abuse of individuals lacking mental capacity

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 394-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Dalley ◽  
Mary Lynn Gilhooly ◽  
Kenneth Gilhooly ◽  
Michael Levi ◽  
Priscilla Harries
Keyword(s):  
Mental Capacity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Court Case ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Abuse ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protective Processes ◽  
Qualitative Exploration

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on the aspects of an exploratory investigation into the scale and nature of the financial abuse of adults lacking mental capacity. Design/methodology/approach It uses mixed-methods study which comprises of: a review of safeguarding adults’ statistics; analysis of court case findings; classification of types of financial abuse, victims and perpetrators; qualitative exploration of professional views of the nature of financial abuse of those lacking mental capacity; and a consideration of policy implications. Findings It demonstrates the significance of financial abuse within the spectrum of abuse experienced by adults at risk; the wide range of both victims lacking capacity being abused and type of financial abuse; its often hidden nature embedded within the family; and the limitations of processes designed to protect. Research limitations/implications The investigation reveals the paucity of statistical data available on the nature of financial abuse and the outcomes of official investigations into reported cases, both of which limit analysis and understanding of the phenomenon. Practical implications It demonstrates the need for greater transparency and consistency in the reporting of safeguarding and legal processes to enable practitioners and policymakers to fully understand the nature and significance of this abuse for both victims and society. Social implications It questions the extent to which existing protective processes are sufficient in terms of safeguarding victims and deterring perpetrators. Originality/value It involves original research that brings together data from a range of sources involved in the protection of a particular hard-to-reach group of individuals (those lacking capacity) from a particular type of risk (financial abuse) of increasing social significance.

Design and experimental verification of an intelligent wall-climbing welding robot system

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 500-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongcheng Gui ◽  
Yongjun Deng ◽  
Zhongxi Sheng ◽  
Tangjie Xiao ◽  
Yonglong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Seam Tracking ◽  
Automatic Welding ◽  
Welding Robot ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Robot Body

Purpose – This paper aims to present a new intelligent wall-climbing welding robot system for large-scale steel structure manufacture, which is composed of robot body, control system and welding system. Design/methodology/approach – The authors design the robot system according to application requirements, validate the design through simulation and experiments and use the robot in actual production. Findings – Experimental results show that the robot system satisfies the demands of automatic welding of large-scale ferromagnetic structure, which contributes much to on-site manufacturing of such structures. Practical implications – The robot can work with better quality and efficiency compared with manual welding and other semi-automatic welding devices, which can much improve large-scale steel structure manufacturing. Originality/value – The robot system is a novel solution for large-scale steel structures welding. There are three major advantages: the robot body with reliable adsorption ability, large payload capability and good mobility which meet the requirements of welding; the control system with good welding seam tracking accuracy and intelligent automatic welding ability; and friendly human – computer interface which makes the robot easy to use.

scholarly journals Post-fire assessment and reinstatement of steel structures

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrysanthos Maraveas ◽  
Zacharias Fasoulakis ◽  
Konstantinos Daniel Tsavdaridis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Remaining Capacity

Purpose This paper aims to present technical aspects of the assessment method and evaluation of fire damaged steel structures. The current work focuses on the behavior of structural normal steel (hot-rolled and cold-formed) and high-strength bolts after exposure to elevated temperatures. Information on stainless steel, cast iron and wrought iron is also presented. Design/methodology/approach Because of the complexity of the issue, an elaborate presentation of the mechanical properties influencing factors is followed. Subsequently, a wide range of experimental studies is extensively reviewed in the literature while simplified equations for determining the post-fire mechanical properties are proposed, following appropriate categorization. Moreover, the reinstatement survey is also comprehensively described. Findings Useful conclusions are drawn for the safe reuse of the structural elements and connection components. According to the parametric investigation of the aforementioned data, it can be safely concluded that the most common scenario of buildings after fire events, i.e. apart from excessively distorted structures, implies considerable remaining capacity of the structure, highlighting that subsequent demolition should not be the case, especially regarding critical infrastructure and buildings. Originality/value The stability of the structure as a whole is addressed, with aim to establish specific guidelines and code provisions for the correct appraisal and rehabilitation of fire damaged structures.

BIM-based time-cost optimization of a large-span spatial steel structure in an airport terminal building

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyu Yu ◽  
Jingfeng Wang ◽  
Zhengmao Hua ◽  
Xingxing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Model ◽  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Span ◽  
Airport Terminal

Purpose Airports are booming in China, to enlarge their capacities and stimulate economic development. Large-span spatial steel structures are commonly used in the terminal buildings of airport projects. Their advantages include prefabrication, strength, usability, adaptability and aesthetic quality. To manage large-span spatial steel structure projects, building information modeling (BIM) is recommended. Although there are plenty of studies on BIM application in steel structure projects, it is still rare to apply BIM to optimize the schedule and cost of steel structures, especially for airport projects. Design/methodology/approach This paper aims to develop a framework in which BIM and a time-cost optimization model are integrated to optimize construction costs and the duration of large-span spatial steel structure projects. A real case study was conducted to verify the feasibility of the BIM-based time-cost optimization model in an airport terminal building, which was built with a large-span spatial steel structure. Findings The results preliminarily support the reliability of the proposed BIM-based time-cost optimization model. The BIM-based time-cost optimization model will benefit construction planning for professionals and enrich relevant research on the application of BIM in large-span spatial steel structure projects. Originality/value The steel structure is difficult to control budgets and progress. This paper is expected to be adopted for optimizing the time and cost plans for projects involving steel structures in airport terminal buildings.

scholarly journals The impact of female entrepreneurship on economic growth in Kenya

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Lock ◽  
Helen Lawton Smith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Female Entrepreneurship ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Successful Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Barriers To Growth ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This study aims to provide a better understanding of the barriers and constraints that are faced by women entrepreneurs in starting and running a business in Kenya. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on primary research conducted through face-to-face interviews with female entrepreneurs in Kenya in a wide range of sectors, each having their own micro enterprise. It draws on the framework of Bates et al. (2007) and Baughn et al. (2006) to look at the entrepreneurship landscape in Kenya and the barriers and constraints faced by women entrepreneurs, as well as the support and opportunities available. Findings – It was found that female entrepreneurs in Kenya face far fewer barriers to starting micro-enterprises now than ever before. It is proving to be a widely successful model, which they use to lift themselves and their families out of poverty. There remain, however, a number of barriers to growth within the micro-enterprise sector. On the basis of these, the paper argues that for female entrepreneurship to have a greater impact on economic growth within Kenya, the country needs to introduce more effective policies, regulation of the informal sector and further support to women entrepreneurs. For example, support could take the form of business training, mentoring and financial support. Originality/value – The paper presents original research on the growing phenomenon of female entrepreneurship in Kenya as a means of alleviating poverty. It considers how this trend relates to the growing availability of microfinance.

DOMEX 550MC

Alloy Digest ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Hsla Steel ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Earthmoving Machines

Abstract Domex 550MC is a hot-rolled, high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel for cold forming operations. It is available in thicknesses of 2.00-12.80 mm. The alloy meets or exceeds the requirements of S550MC in EN 10149-2. Applications include a wide range of fabricated components and steel structures, including truck chassis, crane booms, and earthmoving machines. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, tensile properties, and bend strength as well as fatigue. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-594. Producer or source: SSAB Swedish Steel Inc.

scholarly journals Transfer of Plasmid DNA to Clinical Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Pathogens by Using a Unique Bacteriophage

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 2481-2488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Winstel ◽  
Petra Kühner ◽  
Bernhard Krismer ◽  
Andreas Peschel ◽  
Holger Rohde
Keyword(s):  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genetic Barriers

ABSTRACTGenetic manipulation of emerging bacterial pathogens, such as coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), is a major hurdle in clinical and basic microbiological research. Strong genetic barriers, such as restriction modification systems or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), usually interfere with available techniques for DNA transformation and therefore complicate manipulation of CoNS or render it impossible. Thus, current knowledge of pathogenicity and virulence determinants of CoNS is very limited. Here, a rapid, efficient, and highly reliable technique is presented to transfer plasmid DNA essential for genetic engineering to important CoNS pathogens from a uniqueStaphylococcus aureusstrain via a specificS. aureusbacteriophage, Φ187. Even strains refractory to electroporation can be transduced by this technique once donor and recipient strains share similar Φ187 receptor properties. As a proof of principle, this technique was used to delete the alternative transcription factor sigma B (SigB) via allelic replacement in nasal and clinicalStaphylococcus epidermidisisolates at high efficiencies. The described approach will allow the genetic manipulation of a wide range of CoNS pathogens and might inspire research activities to manipulate other important pathogens in a similar fashion.

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