Study of the microstructure, hardness and tribological behavior of hypoeutectic Al-7Si hybrid composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Viswanatha ◽  
M Prasanna Kumar ◽  
S Basavarajappa ◽  
TS Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Reinforcement Distribution ◽  
Cast Technique

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the microstructure, hardness and tribological properties of hypoeutectic (Al-7Si) matrix reinforced with fixed quantities of 3 Wt.% graphite (Gr) and x Wt.% SiCp (x = 3, 6 and 9) hybrid composites. Design/methodology/approach – The composites were fabricated by stir cast technique. The microstructure, hardness and tribological measurements were carried out on the base alloy and composites. The tribological investigation was carried out on pin-on-disc wear testing machine under dry sliding condition. Findings – The wear rate decreases with the increase of SiCp into A356-3Gr composites. The composite containing A356-9SiCp-3Gr had better hardness and good wear resistance compared to the base alloy. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electro dispersive spectrometry (EDS) images were used to study the reinforcement distribution and worn-out surface of the specimens. Originality/value – The present paper brings out a clear picture of the various events that take place under the worn-out surfaces leading to the generation of mechanical mixed layer.

scholarly journals Dry Sliding Wear Of Intra-Layer Curaua/Basalt Polyester Composites under Varying PV Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 331-333
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Pin On Disk

An investigational analysis was conducted to study the effect of basalt/curaua hybrid composite focusing on wear properties. The hybrid composites are fabricated by resin transfer molding and the tests are conducted by pin on disk as per ASTM G99. Basalt/Curaua relative fiber weight percentage as 0/100,40/60, 60/40, 100/0 are fabricated and analyzed for abrasion wear resistance. Specimens are tested for the load of 50N at 1 m/s using Pin on Disc wear testing machine by varying abrading distance. Worn out surfaces of the abraded composites are studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Roughness of the worn and pure surfaces is also accounted to measure significance of hybridization on tribological properties of the hybrid composites. Result shows that coefficient of friction is increasing in higher the curaua fiber in hybrid composites. Morphology evident the wear mechanism and internal compatibility of hybrid fibers.

Determination of optimum particle size of Al2O3/SiCp reinforced hybrid composites materials in wear testing

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Necat Altinkök ◽  
Ferit Ficici ◽  
Aslan Coban
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Content Type

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to optimize input parameters of particle size and applied load to determine minimum weight loss and friction coefficient for Al2O3/SiC particles-reinforced hybrid composites by using Taguchi’s design methodology. Design/methodology/approach – The experimental results demonstrate that the applied size is the major parameter influencing the weight loss for all samples, followed by particle size. The applied load, however, was found to have a negligible effect on the friction coefficient. Moreover, the optimal combination of the testing parameters was predicted. The predicted weight loss and friction coefficient for all the test samples were found to lie close to those of the experimentally observed ones. Findings – The optimum levels of the control factors to obtain better weight loss and friction coefficient were A8 (particle size, 60 μm) and B1 (applied load, 20 N), respectively. Taguchi’s orthogonal design was developed to predict the quality characteristics (weight loss and friction coefficient) within the selected range of process parameters (particle size and applied load). The results were validated through ANOVA. Originality/value – Firstly, hybrid MMCs ceramic powders were produced and then mechanical tests and optimization were performed.

Study the formation of mechanically mixed layer and subsurface behavior of worn-out surfaces of aged hybrid metal matrix composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viswanatha B.M. ◽  
M. Prasanna Kumar ◽  
S. Basavarajappa ◽  
T.S. Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the wear behaviors of aged metal matrix composites and of the as-cast Al-Si alloy by using a pin-on-disk wear testing machine at room temperature. Design/methodology/approach Hypoeutectic (Al-7Si) alloy reinforced with low volume fractions of SiC particles (SiCp) and graphite (Gr) particles were prepared by the stir-casting process. It was found that the addition of 9 Wt.% of SiCp and 3 Wt.% of Gr particles conferred a beneficial effect in reducing the wear rate of the composites. Findings The worn-out surfaces of the specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM); the extensive micro cracking occurs on the surface of the Al-7Si alloy tested at lower loads. The growth of these microcracks finally led to the delamination of the base alloy surface. The reinforcements (SiCp and Gr) particles tended to reduce the extent of plastic deformation in the surface layer, thereby reducing extensively the occurrence of micro cracking in the composites. Originality/value From the results, it is revealed that the quantity of wear rate was less for aged specimens compared to the as-cast specimens. The worn-out surfaces were studied using electron dispersive spectroscopy, and wear debris was analyzed using SEM.

Tribological behaviour of recursive friction stir processed AA7075

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 887-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Girish G. ◽  
Anandakrishnan V.
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
7075 Alloy

Purpose This study aims to investigate and present the tribological behaviour of recursively friction stir processed 7075 aluminium alloy. Design/methodology/approach In this work, aluminium 7075 alloy is friction stir processed recursively by varying the tool rotational speed, traverse speed and the number of passes. Wear pins for testing were extracted from the processed zone and the surfaces were prepared. Wear tests were conducted as per the standard on a pin-on-disc wear testing machine at constant testing conditions and the corresponding tribological properties were analysed. The worn surface and the debris were analysed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis and elemental mapping to identify the mode of wear mechanism. Findings The experimental results indicate that the specimen fabricated at 1,150 rpm of tool rotation speed and 60 mm/min of traverse speed with 4 passes had the highest wear resistance and the minimum friction coefficient. Originality/value This paper details the effect of recursive friction stir processing on the surface of AA 7075 to improve the tribological properties. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-02-2020-0070/

Experimental investigations on the effect of heat-treatment parameters on the wear behavior of aluminum hybrid composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Velmurugan ◽  
R. Subramanian ◽  
S.S. Ramakrishnan ◽  
S. Thirugnanam ◽  
T. Kannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Pin On Disc

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of most predominant heat-treatment parameters on the wear behavior of Al6061 hybrid composite reinforced with 10 weight per cent SiC and 2 weight per cent graphite particles. Design/methodology/approach – The aluminum hybrid composite was produced using stir casting process. Wear testing of heat-treated samples was carried out using a pin-on-disc apparatus. Experiments were conducted by applying design of experiments (DOE) technique. The experimental values were used for formulation of a mathematical model. The wear surfaces of composite specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Findings – The volume loss of heat-treated composite initially decreased with increasing aging duration. This was followed by the attainment of a minimum and then a reversal in the trend at longer aging times. SEM micrographs of the wear surfaces of the composite show that the wear mechanisms were abrasion, delamination and adhesion. Originality/value – In this paper, the hybrid composite was produced using stir casting route, and its wear properties after heat treatment were tested using pin-on-disc apparatus. It was found that heat treatment had a profound effect on the wear behaviour of the developed composite.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Structure, Wear and Corrosion of AISI L6 Tool Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 448-456
Author(s):  
Oualid Ghelloudj ◽  
Amel Gharbi ◽  
Djamel Zelmati ◽  
Khedidja Bouhamla ◽  
Chems Eddine Ramoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Steel ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear And Corrosion ◽  
Hardening Treatment ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Hardened Tool Steel ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
Steel Hardening

This work is a contribution in analyzing structure, tribological behavior and corrosion of AISI L6 hardened tool steel. Structural characterization and tribological behavior of steel were investigated using Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wear testing by friction on a pin-on-disc Tribometer and corrosion by potentiodynamic polarization. Comparing to the as-received steel, hardening has generated a fine martensitic microstructure causing a 1.5 times hardness increase. Hardening has contributed to improvement of wear resistance as the coefficient of friction has decreased from 0.86 to 0.67μ. An increase in corrosion resistance was observed after hardening treatment.

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF TiC/GRAPHITE REINFORCEMENT IN WEAR BEHAVIOR OF Al 6061HYBRID COMPOSITES

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850173 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. JEYAPRAKASAM ◽  
R. VENKATACHALAM ◽  
C. VELMURUGAN
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Graphite Particles

This research work focuses about fabrication and investigation on the influence of Titanium Carbide (TiC)-graphite particles reinforcement in wear behavior of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMC). The stir casting technique was used to fabricate AMC reinforced with various weight percentage of TiC and graphite particles. Wear tests were conducted by using pin-on-disc wear testing machine. The hardness of the hybrid composites were recorded on the test specimen. The worn out surfaces of composites were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results reveal that the presence of TiC and graphite particles improved the wear resistance. The wear of composite is primarily due to delamination and abrasion. The graphite particles serve as the solid lubricant on the wear of composite. The hardness of composite is improved with the decrease in weight percentage of graphite. SEM images reveal that the reinforcement particles in the matrix are homogeneously distributed. Also, worn-out surfaces of the composite were studied to observe wear track and wear mechanisms like plowing grooves, crack or cutting, and fragmentation.

Study on the friction characteristics of 304 steel with composite surface modification

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengang Chen ◽  
Xueyuan Liu ◽  
Lili Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Good Basis ◽  
Modified Surface

Purpose This paper aims to clarify the friction properties of 304 steel surface modification. The surface modification includes laser texturing processing and nitriding treatment on 304 steel surface, and then the friction properties’ test was conducted on different friction directions and different upper test samples by using microfriction and wear testing machine. Design/methodology/approach The diameter and spacing of 100-, 150-, 200-, 300-μm pit array on the surface of 304 steel were calculated using a M-DPSS-50 semiconductor laser device. Then, the textured surface was nitriding-treated using a nitriding salt bath device. The chemical composition, surface morphology and surface microhardness of the composite-modified surface were measured by X-ray diffraction and by using an optical microscope and a microhardness tester. The tribological characteristics of the composite-modified surface were tested by MRTR microcomputer-controlled multifunctional friction and wear testing machine. Findings The result showed that a rule pit texture surface was obtained by the texture processing. The microhardness of nitriding treatment surface reached 574.27HV0.1, which significantly higher than 222.58HV0.1 of 304 steel. The composite-modified surface has excellent anti-friction and wear resistance properties when the upper specimen was GCr15 steel and ZrO2, respectively. The composite-modified surface has excellent anti-friction and anti-wear properties after long time friction under different angles. However, the friction coefficient and wear morphology of the friction pairs are not affected by the friction angle. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further. Practical implications The paper conducted a systematic study of the tribological characteristics of 304 steel composite modification surface and provided a good basis for the extensive application of 304 steel. Social implications The study provides a good basis for the extensive application of 304 steel. Originality/value This paper fulfils an identified need to study the extensive application of 304 steel.

Worn Surface Analysis of Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 984-985 ◽  
pp. 546-550
Author(s):  
K. Umanath ◽  
S.T. Selvamani ◽  
K. Palanikumar ◽  
Ram G. Dinesh
Keyword(s):  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Worn Surface

Metal to the metal wear analysis of Aluminium (Al6061grade) alloy, dis-continuously reinforced with ceramic particles of SiC and Al2O3deliver this paper. The Al matrix with 5 to 25% of vol. Fractions of SiC and Al2O3particulate reinforcements were formed in Hybrid Metal Matrix Composite (HMMC) by stirring casting technology. They are finding applications in automotive, aeronautical and sport goods. For the proper use of these composites, its mechanical properties and wear properties are to be evaluated. The dry sliding behavior of these SiC and Al2O3particulates HMMCs and that of Al alloy at atmosphere was analyzed with a pin on disc type wear testing machine. The result indicates that, the scanning electron micrographs of the worn surfaces of the hybrid composites show the worn surface of the composite alloy is rougher than the unreinforced Al6061alloy.

Tensile strength of GFRP and hybrid composites under various environmental conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-961
Author(s):  
Praveen Shaju Chelladhurai
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Aviation Turbine Fuel

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the mechanical behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) and hybrid composites under various adverse environmental conditions. This mainly helps the researchers to overcome the obstacles that have been met when they use the materials individually and also to know the impacts of environment on them. Design/methodology/approach The GFRP and hybrid specimens are made according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standard. The specimens are then immersed in aviation turbine fuel, hydraulic fluid and concentrated sulfuric acid. The tensile strength of the specimens is then determined using the universal testing machine. Findings The tensile strengths of the normal specimens and the specimens subjected to various environmental conditions are determined. The results obtained for GFRP and hybrid specimens are then compared. Research limitations/implications The researchers can extend the time intervals further for a better understanding of the strength of the composites. Practical implications Once better combinations are found out with the highest strength to weight ratio and its resistance to various adverse environmental conditions, it can be used in real-time applications. Social implications The best hybrid combinations can be used in place of metals in future. Originality/value This is an original research and is clearly based on the experimental results, so it adds very much value to the aviation industry because strength to weight ratio is one of the major issues to be taken into consideration.

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