Preparation and tribological properties of attapulgite – bentonite clay base grease

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiedan Chen ◽  
Yanqiu Xia ◽  
Zhilu Liu ◽  
Zeyun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Dropping Point ◽  
Attapulgite Clay ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Base Grease

Purpose – The mixture of attapulgite and bentonite was used as a thickener, and polyalphaolefin was used as the base oil to prepare the new lubricating grease. Some solid particles such as Polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE), MoS2, nano-calcium carbonate and graphite were added in the new lubricating grease as anti-wear additives to investigate the tribological sensitivity. Design/methodology/approach – The new lubricating grease was evaluated by optimol-SRV reciprocating friction and wear tester, and the wear volumes were determined using a MicroXAM-3D. At the same time, the dropping point and the cone penetration were investigated and analyzed. The tribological properties of the new lubricating grease and the sensitivity of some solid lubricating additives to the new lubricating base grease were investigated; pure organic-bentonite and pure organic-attapulgite base grease were used as contrast. Findings – The new lubricating grease based on the surface-modified bentonite/attapulgite clay base grease was synthesized with a relatively high dropping point, and the mass ratio is 25/75 bentonite/attapulgite clay base grease, having a better tribological performance. MoS2 was used as an anti-wear additive that has good tribological sensitivity to the new lubricating base grease. Originality/value – The main innovative thought of this work lies in the mixture of attapulgite and bentonite used as thickener. A relevant report is not available at present.

Tribological properties of beef tallow as lubricating grease

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juozas Padgurskas ◽  
Raimundas Rukuiža ◽  
Ihor Mandziuk ◽  
Arturas Kupcinskas ◽  
Katerina Prisyazhna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Beef Tallow ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Polymer Additives ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thermally Processed

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on the tribological properties of beef tallow grease and improvements therein through modification with special processing, polymeric compounds and additives. Design/methodology/approach Pure original beef tallow grease was used as a biological lubricating grease reference material for the tribological research. Beef tallow was modified and synthesized by adding special biological anti-oxidant additives, LZ anti-wear additives, waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer compounds and thermally processed graphite. Findings Rheometric measurements indicate that the beef tallow grease modification technology used in this study enables control of the synthesis process to produce lubricants with the required microstructure. Investigation results of the tribological properties of differently modified greases show that beef tallow synthesized with polymer additives efficiently operates together with anti-wear additives to reduce friction and wear. The grease compound with thermally processed graphite has good tribological properties at 300 N load levels. The critical load level of lubricating greases could be significantly increased through the use of anti-wear additives and thermally processed graphite. Originality/value Investigation results of the tribological properties of differently modified beef tallow greases show that beef tallow synthesized with polymer additives efficiently operates together with anti-wear additives to reduce friction and wear. The critical load level of lubricating beef tallow greases could be significantly increased using anti-wear additives and thermally processed graphite.

Synthesis and tribological properties of nanogrease

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 512-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy ◽  
Mohamed Bayoumi ◽  
Tarek Osman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Mechanical Equipment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Steel Balls

Purpose To enhance the tribological properties of nanogrease, one of the new technologies was used to synthesize a nanogrease having carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanoparticles (NPs) with different concentrations. The microstructures of the synthesized NPs were characterized and evaluated by x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tribological properties of the nanogrease were evaluated using a four-ball tester. The worn surface of four steel balls was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Design/methodology/approach Grease was dissolved in chloroform (10 Wt.%), at 25 °C for 1 h. In parallel, functionalized CNTs with different volume concentrations (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 Wt.%) were dispersed in N, N-dimethylformamide. The mixture was stirred for 15 min and then sonicated (40 kHz, 150 W) for 30 min. After that, the mixture was added to the grease solution and magnetically stirred for 15 min and then sonicated for 2 h. Findings The results suggested that CNTs can enhance the antiwear and friction properties of nanogrease at 0.5 Wt.% CNTs to about 57 and 48 per cent, respectively. In addition, the weld load of the base oil containing 0.5 Wt.% CNTs was improved by 17 per cent compared with base grease. Originality/value This work describes the inexpensive and simple fabrication of nanogrease for improving the properties of lubricants, which improve power efficiency and extend lifetimes of mechanical equipment.

Grease thixotropy: evaluation of grease microstructure change due to shear and relaxation

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Paszkowski ◽  
Sylwia Olsztyńska-Janus
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Physicochemical Interactions ◽  
Lithium Soap ◽  
Mineral Base

Purpose – The thixotropy of lubricating grease thickened with lithium 12-hydroxystearate with mineral base oil was investigated. The thixotropy has a significant influence on the flow resistance and pressure drop in the structural components of lubrication systems, which is of major importance as today the latter are being centralized and automated. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Rheometer studies on thixotropy were carried out and the grease microstructure was visualized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to study the physicochemical interactions which indicate the disintegration and recovery of the grease microstructure. Findings – A qualitative assessment of the physicochemical interactions between lithium soap floccules was made and a theory of the self-ordering effect of lithium 12-hydroxystearate associated molecules during shearing and their aggregation and flocculation during relaxation has been proposed. Originality/value – Because of the complexity of the disintegration and recovery of the lubricating grease thickener microstructure, there is still limited physical understanding of the mechanism of this process. Therefore, the present research was undertaken to identify the phenomena involved.

Effect of the bionic morphologies on bio-tribological properties of surface-modified layers on Ti6Al4V with Ni+/N+ implantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Implantation Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tribological Tests ◽  
Surface Modified

Purpose The main purpose of this study is to enhance bio-tribological properties of Ti6Al4V and the surface-modified layers of Ni+/N+-implanted Ti6Al4V alloy, bionic texturing was done on Ti6Al4V surface. Design/methodology/approach The phase compositions and nano-hardness of the surface-modified layers of the samples have been analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and Nano Indenter, respectively. This paper has conducted bio-tribological tests under artificial saliva, sodium hyalurate and sodium hyalurate +γ-globulin by micro tribology multifunction tribometer, with ZrO2 ball/modified layer as the friction pair. S-3000N scanning electron microscope has been used to analyze the morphology of the surface-modified layers and scratches of the ones after the bio-tribological tests. Findings The results show that the surface-modified layers were mainly composed of Ti2Ni and Ti2N. Moreover, bionic texturing can obviously increase the contents of Ti2Ni and Ti2N that were formed on the surface of Ni+/N+-implanted Ti6Al4V alloy, and enhance the nano-hardness of the surface-modified layers. It could also reduce the friction coefficients of the surface-modified layers, and render the modified layers more wear-resistant. Originality/value The surface bio-tribological properties of Ti6Al4V have been enhanced by ion implantation technique and bionic texturing in this paper; this provided a new method for the research of related fields.

Tribological properties of hydrogen free DLC in self-mated contacts against ZDDP-added oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Mannan ◽  
Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri ◽  
M.A. Kalam ◽  
H.H. Masjuki
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Viscosity Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Band Area ◽  
Low Wear

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the tribological properties of tetrahedral diamond-like carbon (DLC) films in self-mated contacts in the presence of additivated and non-additivated vegetable oils. DLC films have high practical value due to low friction and low wear properties. On the other hand, vegetable oils are considered to be lubricants for future due to its resource renewability and biodegradability. Sometimes different chemical agents are added to vegetable oils to further improve its tribological properties. Thus, the tribological study of DLC films against additivated oils becomes important. Design/methodology/approach The tribology tests were conducted in a four ball tribo-meter under the boundary lubricated conditions. Findings Ta-C DLC exhibited 80 per cent lower wear rate under Zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP)-added oil compared to that of base oil. In contrast, the friction coefficient under additivated oil was slightly higher than the base oil lubricated case. Moreover, the carbonyl band area as well as the viscosity change of ZDDP-added oil was much smaller than that of base oil. Therefore, ZDDP reduced the wear of DLC film and prevented the oxidation of base oil during tribotests. Originality/value This is the first work on the tribological properties of ta-C DLC lubricated with corn oil with and without anti-wear additives.

Tribological properties of carbon nanotube grease

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Hongtao ◽  
Ji Hongmin ◽  
Hong Haiping ◽  
Hammad Younes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
New Type ◽  
Lubricating Mechanism

Purpose – The purposes of this paper are to prepare the carbon nanotube (CNT) grease, to contrast the tribology properties of the CNT grease with the original grease and to find the lubricating mechanism of the CNT grease. Design/methodology/approach – The CNTs (single-wall and multi-wall) are added into the polyalphaolefin oils (DURASYN_166) to form stable and homogeneous CNT grease with potential heat transfer, conductive and lubricative properties. The friction of this new type of CNT grease was determined by wear experiments under three conditions: dry friction, with the base oil grease and with the CNT grease. Findings – The research is about the tribological properties of CNT greases; it shows better lubricating performance and wear resistance than the base oil grease. The performance improvement of CNT grease is owing to the unique hexagonal structure and the high thermal conductivity of CNTs. Originality/value – The paper documents that CNTs can obviously improve the lubricating effect of grease, and the lubricating mechanism of the CNT grease is also discussed.

scholarly journals FORMULATION OF LUBRICATING GREASE FOR AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Ratu Ulfi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Copper Strip ◽  
Lubricating Grease ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Agricultural Equipment ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Dropping Point ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Equipment Application ◽  
Performance Examination

The formulation of environmentally friendly greases based on castor oil have been developed for agricultural equipment application. In order to improve base oil and tribological performances, several additives such as sterically hindered phenolic type antioxidants (AO), liquid mixture of amine phosphate as an extreme pressure (EP) and disodium sebacate as a corrosion inhibitor (CI) additive were added. The objective of this study is to develop a lubricating grease formula for agricultural equipment applications having high oxidation stability, good wear and corrosion protection, and excellence in terms of water resistance. The results of physical-chemical and performance examination show that the product developed has the following speci􀂿 cations: NLGI grade is 2, dropping point is at temperature of 192.5oC, unworked and worked penetrations are 255 mm/10 and 307 mm/10 respectively. The copper strip corrosion is 1a, and scar diameter is 0.57 mm. The physical-chemical characterics of the grease developed still meet speci􀂿 cations, especially for agricultural equipment application.

Tribological properties and action mechanism of a highly hydrolytically stable N-containing heterocyclic borate ester

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Wang Yang ◽  
Jiang-Min Huang ◽  
Guan-Jun Zhang ◽  
Chenxi Zhang ◽  
Dong-Lan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Borate Ester ◽  
Borate Esters ◽  
The Stability

Purpose The phosphorus and zinc contained in zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) caused severe environment pollution and catalyst poison. Thus, the phosphorus-free additive, such as borate esters, has become one of studying hot topics in the area of oil additive. However, the stability of hydrolysis greatly limited the use of borate esters. The purpose of this paper is to improve the stability of hydrolysis by synthesizing a new kind of N-containing heterocyclic borate ester (MTTDB) as a lubricant additive. Design/methodology/approach The tribological properties of novel borate ester (MTTDB) as an additive in the base oil were studied by a four-ball machine. The element composition and chemical state of the tribofilm were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Findings The results showed that the base oil lubricated by MTTDB exhibited high hydrolytic stability, good anti-wear property and excellent extreme pressure performance. When 2.5 per cent MTTDB was added into the 100N base oil, the smallest wear scar diameter (0.46 mm) was obtained. Furthermore, the decomposed borate ester, organic sulfide adsorbed on the worn surface was detected, and S element reacted with the steel surface and generated FeSO4, both of which contributed to the formation of the tribofilm. Originality/value Based on N-containing heterocyclic compounds, for instance, thiadiazole derivatives, introducing nitrogen and sulfur elements into borate ester, a new kind of N-containing heterocyclic borate ester (MTTDB) exhibited excellent property in hydrolysis stability, friction-reducing, anti-wear and extreme pressure. This synthesized method would be helpful for the borate ester used as additive in engine oil, gear oil and other industrial lubricants.

Lubricant and tribological properties of zinc compound in palm oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aizat Md Alias ◽  
Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah ◽  
Hilmi Amiruddin
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Zinc Compound

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the composition of lubricant and the enhancement of tribological properties using palm oil as a parent base oil mixed with an organo-zinc compound as an additive. Design/methodology/approach The oil samples were prepared by mixing organo-zinc compound additive, zinc dioctyldithiophosphate (ZnDoDP) and zinc diamyldithiocarbamate (ZDDC), at 0 to 3.0 Wt.% concentrations with commercialised palm oil which were then homogenised using an ultrasonic homogeniser. The oil samples were then tested for their oil properties through elemental analysis, their viscosity index, flashpoint and acid number. Next, the friction test was performed using a four-ball tribometer, and the worn surfaces of the balls were observed using a digital microscope. Findings The results showed that commercialised palm oil with 2.0 Wt.% of ZnDoDP had excellent characteristics regarding its lubricant properties, such as its viscosity index, coefficient of friction and wear compared to commercialised palm oil with the addition of 2.0 Wt.% of ZDDC. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to compare the effect of the concentration of ZnDoDP and ZDDC on the lubricant and triological properties of vegetable oil (palm).

Polyaniline as an additive towards improving tribological properties and anti-corrosion performance of ionic liquids-based greases

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-856
Author(s):  
Zhengfeng Cao ◽  
Yanqiu Xia ◽  
Chuan Chen ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Lubricant Additive ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Purpose This paper aims to explore polyaniline (PANI) as a lubricant additive to improve the anti-corrosion and tribological properties of ionic liquids (ILs) for actual applications. Design/methodology/approach ILs were synthesized by dissolving lithium salts in synthetic oil and were used as a base oil to prepare ILs-based greases. PANI was used as an additive. The tribological properties were investigated in detail and the anti-corrosion ability was also assessed via salt spray test. After friction test, the worn surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to analyze the lubrication mechanisms. Findings PANI not only reduces the corrosion but also improves the friction reduction and anti-wear abilities of the ILs-based greases. The analysis indicates that the protective films generated on the worn surfaces were responsible for the preferable anti-corrosion and tribological properties. Originality/value This paper provides an effective approach to improve the anti-corrosion and tribological properties of ILs for actual applications. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-11-2019-0469/

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document