Experimental investigation on wheel–rail adhesion characteristics under water and large sliding conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajun Zhou ◽  
Mengling Wu ◽  
Chun Tian ◽  
Zewang Yuan ◽  
Chao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Theoretical Description ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Slip Ratio ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Base ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Roller Rig

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the adhesion characteristics of the wheel–rail under water and large sliding conditions. This is carried out by conducting a series of tests on a full-scale roller rig. The measured data provides an experimental base for conducting further theoretical research. Design/methodology/approach The influence of the slip ratio, rolling speed and the axle load on the adhesion coefficient between the wheel and the rail is analyzed under wet conditions using a full-scale roller rig. Findings From the research, it is found that the adhesion coefficient–slip ratio curve varies from the traditional theoretical description under water and large sliding conditions. Moreover, it is also observed that after the adhesion coefficient reaches the saturation point, the adhesion coefficient does not decrease, but continues to increase as the slip ratio increases. Originality/value The adhesion improvement phenomenon in this paper may provide new ideas for designing anti-skid control and braking system mechanisms for trains. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0236/

Study on high-temperature wear and mechanism of Al-Si/graphite composites prepared by the die-casting process

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1153-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Deng ◽  
Xiaotao Pan ◽  
Guoxun Zeng ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Sinong Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Matrix

Purpose This paper aims to improve the tribological properties of aluminum alloys and reduce their wear rate. Design/methodology/approach Carbon is placed in the model at room temperature, pour 680°C of molten aluminum into the pressure chamber, and then pressed it into the mold containing carbon felt through a die casting machine, and waited for it to cool, which used an injection pressure of 52.8 MPa and held the same pressure for 15 s. Findings The result indicated that the mechanical properties of matrix and composite are similar, and the compressive strength of the composite is only 95% of the matrix alloy. However, the composite showed a low friction coefficient, the friction coefficient of Gr/Al composite is only 0.15, which just is two-third than that of the matrix alloy. Similarly, the wear rate of the composite is less than 4% of the matrix. In addition, the composite can avoid severe wear before 200°C, but the matrix alloy only 100°C. Originality/value This material has excellent friction properties and is able to maintain this excellent performance at high temperatures. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-10-2019-0454/

Socioeconomic effects of pension spending: evidence from Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-617
Author(s):  
Fernando Bermejo ◽  
Eladio Febrero ◽  
Andre Fernandes Tomon Avelino
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Alternative View ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Structural Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide broader understanding of the significant role that the pension system has in the Spanish economy by estimating the sectoral production, employment and income sustained by pensioners' consumption.Design/methodology/approachBased on input–output tables by the World Input–Output Database and consumption data from the Household Budget Survey by the Spanish Statistical Office, a demoeconomic model is applied to quantify the direct impacts, indirect impacts from interindustry links and induced impacts from income–consumption connections over a nine-year period (2006–2014). Then, the factors driving the evolution of total output, employment and value added during such period have been examined by using structural decomposition analysis.FindingsThe growing participation of consumption by pensioner households in final demand had proven crucial during the 2008 crisis to alleviate the negative trend in production and employment derived from the collapse in consumption suffered by the rest of households.Practical implicationsDetermining the underlying factors driving changes in both employment and income during the 2008 crisis can be of interest in political decision-making on the sustainability of the Spanish pension system.Social implicationsThe results of estimating both the employment and income supported by pensioners' consumption reveal the significant stabilizing effect of the public spending on pensions, particularly during the 2008 crisis.Originality/valueThe current Spanish approach of attaining the pension system sustainability by merely reducing social protection costs ignores the adverse consequences of a lower pensioners' demand. This paper addresses an alternative view in which pension spending is not considered a burden on economic growth but rather a means of improving the level of production and employment.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2019-0047

scholarly journals SME credit constraints and access to informal credit markets in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Archer ◽  
Parmendra Sharma ◽  
Jen-Je Su
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Credit Markets ◽  
Credit Constraints ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Informal Credit ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access Policy ◽  
Correlated Random Effects

PurposeA review of literature has documented that accessing formal credit and other banking services has always been a crucial challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The alternative, therefore, tends to be informal channels. However, the credit constraint vis-à-vis informal channel link does not appear to be well documented in the literature. This study aims to investigate whether credit constraints significantly affect the probability of accessing informal credit, as well as the credit values of Vietnamese SMEs.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a trinary approach and correlated random-effects Probit and Tobit techniques to avoid the incidental coefficients problem.FindingsThe results suggest that relative to unconstrained and partially constrained firms, fully constrained firms tend to be more active in the informal credit markets, shown by their higher probability of informal credit access and larger credit values.Originality/valueTo the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on Vietnam that takes a different approach to credit constraints and examines their impact on informal credit access. Policy implications arise and are discussed.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-11-2017-0543

The importance of corporate political strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Political Strategies ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Corporate Political Strategy ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings There is a substantial body of research on corporate political strategy, but most is theoretical, lacking empirical evidence, and is widely geo specific. More research needs to be done in clarifying the field, and developing new ideas for emerging markets. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists, and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Performance and robustness analysis of a Hardware In the Loop full-scale roller-rig for railway braking and traction testing

Meccanica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetto Allotta ◽  
Roberto Conti ◽  
Enrico Meli ◽  
Luca Pugi ◽  
Alessandro Ridolfi
Keyword(s):  
Robustness Analysis ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Roller Rig ◽  
Traction Testing

Artificial intelligence research in agriculture: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Sood ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Amit Kumar Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Market Factors

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review on the academic journey of artificial intelligence (AI) in agriculture and to highlight the challenges and opportunities in adopting AI-based advancement in agricultural systems and processes.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a bibliometric analysis of the extant literature on AI in agriculture to understand the status of development in this domain. Further, the authors proposed a framework based on two popular theories, namely, diffusion of innovation (DOI) and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), to identify the factors influencing the adoption of AI in agriculture.FindingsFour factors were identified, i.e. institutional factors, market factors, technology factors and stakeholder perception, which influence adopting AI in agriculture. Further, the authors indicated challenges under environmental, operational, technological, economical and social categories with opportunities in this area of research and business.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed conceptual model needs empirical validation across countries or states to understand the effectiveness and relevance.Practical implicationsPractitioners and researchers can use these inputs to develop technology and business solutions with specific design elements to gain benefit of this technology at larger scale for increasing agriculture production.Social implicationsThis paper brings new developed methods and practices in agriculture for betterment of society.Originality/valueThis paper provides a comprehensive review of extant literature and presents a theoretical framework for researchers to further examine the interaction of independent variables responsible for adoption of AI in agriculture.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-10-2020-0448

Introduction of a new AAC symbol classification system: the multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliada Pampoulou ◽  
Donald R. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Symbol Classification

PurposeWhen the augmentative and alternative communication (ACC) model (Lloyd et al., 1990) was proposed, these components of symbols were not considered, nor were they contemplated when superordinate (Lloyd and Fuller, 1986) and subordinate levels (Fuller et al., 1992) of AAC symbol taxonomy were developed. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the ACC model and propose a new symbol classification system called multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)Design/methodology/approachThe field of AAC is evolving at a rapid rate in terms of its clinical, social, research and theoretical underpinnings. Advances in assessment and intervention methods, technology and social issues are all responsible to some degree for the significant changes that have occurred in the field of AAC over the last 30 years. For example, the number of aided symbol collections has increased almost exponentially over the past couple of decades. The proliferation of such a large variety of symbol collections represents a wide range of design attributes, physical attributes and linguistic characteristics for aided symbols and design attributes and linguistic characteristics for unaided symbols.FindingsTherefore, it may be time to revisit the AAC model and more specifically, one of its transmission processes referred to as the means to represent.Originality/valueThe focus of this theoretical paper then, is on the current classification of symbols, issues with respect to the current classification of symbols in terms of ambiguity of terminology and the evolution of symbols, and a proposal for a new means of classifying the means to represent.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon10.1108/JET-04-2021-0024

3 D printing technology and experimental study of chitosan gel using atomized solidification liquid-assisted extrusion molding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangwei Wang ◽  
Peilun Lv ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Liying Yu ◽  
Guodong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Chitosan Gel ◽  
Printing Method

Purpose This paper aims to propose a suitable atomizing solidification chitosan (CS) gel liquid extrusion molding technology for the three dimensional (3D) printing method, and experiments verify the feasibility of this method. Design/methodology/approach This paper mainly uses experimental means, combined with theoretical research. The preparation method, solidification forming method and 3D printing method of CS gel solution were studied. The CS gel printing mechanism and printing error sources are analyzed on the basis of the CS gel ink printing results, printing performance with different ratios of components by constructing a gel print prototype, experiments evaluating the CS gel printing technology and the effects of the process parameters on the scaffold formation. Findings CS printing ink was prepared; the optimal formula was found; the 3 D printing experiment of CS was completed; the optimal printing parameters were obtained; and the reliability of the forming prototype, printing ink and gel printing process was verified, which allowed for the possibility to apply the 3 D printing technology to the manufacturing of a CS gel structure. Originality/value This study can provide theoretical and technical support for the potential application of CS 3 D printed gels in tissue engineering.

How electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) triggers intention to visit through destination image, trust and satisfaction: the perception of a potential tourist in Japan and Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Bagus Putu Purbadharmaja ◽  
Putu Yudi Setiawan ◽  
Toshikatsu Hayashi ◽  
Anak Agung Bagus Putu Widanta
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to analyze the different results between the effects of electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the perception of potential tourist in Japan and Indonesia regarding destination image, destination trust, satisfaction and their intention to visit.Design/methodology/approachThis research method is a structural model. Based on the existing literature review, several variables were obtained which were then analyzed by WarpPLS 6.0 software. The sampling method applied in this study is the purposive sampling technique. Samples of 200 potential tourists were collected in Indonesia and 100 potential tourists were collected in Japan. The population in this study was a potential tourist in Indonesia and Japan, with the following criteria: An Indonesian citizen, age between 19 and 60 years, who has never visited Japan and a Japanese citizen who has never visited Indonesia and have ever read or conduct online discussions regarding Japan and Indonesia as a tourist destination.FindingsThe results of the analysis of the two respondents in Japan and Indonesia prove that e-WOM has a positive effect on the image of the destination and intention to visit but not on the confidence of the destination. Destination image was also proven to significantly mediate the influence of e-WOM on intention to visit. These findings bring important implications for the theory and practice of tourism marketing.Originality/valueTheoretically, the result could be used as a reference for further research about the comparison between the effect e-WOM on destination image, destination trust and intention to visit of potential tourist in developed countries and developing countries. Practically, the result could be used as a consideration for the tourism industry and authority in both countries when formulating the destination marketing strategy.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-03-2019-0111

Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative framework for supporting assistive technology decision-making in Singapore schools: perspectives of in-service educators

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Ee Wong ◽  
YingMin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Technology Initiative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trial Experience ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis study explored in-service educators' experience of using the Wisconsin Assistive Technology Initiative (WATI) for assistive technology (AT) decision-making within Singapore schools.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative design. Eight educators across both mainstream and special education schools were introduced to the WATI framework which they subsequently employed as a trial experience for a student under their care. Written feedback gathered from participants was analysed to identify common issues and themes regarding the use of the WATI framework for AT decision-making.FindingsThe comprehensive consideration of a broad scope of different factors, provision of a structured process for AT decision-making, as well as a common language for use by different stakeholders emerged as key benefits of implementing the WATI. Challenges encountered include administrative struggles in gathering different stakeholders together, time and resource constraints and difficulties in loaning AT devices for trial use.Practical implicationsBased on educators' feedback, recommendations to facilitate the adoption of the WATI for AT decision-making within Singapore schools are discussed and considered. This study also highlights the need for greater AT instruction within both preservice and in-service teacher preparation programmes in Singapore.Originality/valueSchools in Singapore currently rarely adopt any frameworks in place to guide educators through a systematic process of AT consideration. It is anticipated that this study will spearhead and drive the adoption of systematic frameworks such as the WATI for better AT decision-making within Singapore schools.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon 10.1108/JET-03-2021-0015

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