Microstructure in the joining zone during the friction welding of the two dissimilar steels

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
Nada Ratković ◽  
Vukic Lazić ◽  
Dušan Arsić ◽  
Ružica R. Nikolić ◽  
Radica Prokić Cvetković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Welding ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Austenite Grain ◽  
Dissimilar Steels ◽  
High Degree

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to point out the possibilities for friction welding of dissimilar steels which are used in various industries. In addition, friction welding is a welding method that is applied for executing the very responsible joints. This research is focused on friction and tribological processes in the friction plane of the two pieces during the welding. Design/methodology/approach The present study research has been conducted based on the experimental testing of cylindrical specimens and results are analyzed. Findings The austenite grain size is affected by several factors through the friction process phase and the compacting phase during the welding. The very fine grain is the consequence of the high degree of the plastic deformation of the near-the-contact layers even in the friction phase. The viscous layer, which is formed during the stable friction phase, is the area where the moving of matter occurs according to a very complex mechanism. Originality/value The paper contains useful results from the area of conventional friction welding of dissimilar steels and it can be very useful to researchers and engineers who deal with similar problems.

Optimal propeller blade design, computation, manufacturing and experimental testing

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kovačević ◽  
Jelena Svorcan ◽  
Mohammad Sakib Hasan ◽  
Toni Ivanov ◽  
Miroslav Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Blade Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Composite Blade ◽  
Aerodynamic Performances ◽  
Propeller Blades ◽  
Thrust And Torque

Purpose Modern unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) are usually equipped with rotors connected to electric motors that enable them to hover and fly in all directions. The purpose of the paper is to design optimal composite rotor blades for such small UAVs and investigate their aerodynamic performances both computationally and experimentally. Design/methodology/approach Artificial intelligence method (genetic algorithm) is used to optimize the blade airfoil described by six input parameters. Furthermore, different computational methods, e.g. vortex methods and computational fluid dynamics, blade element momentum theory and finite element method, are used to predict the aerodynamic performances of the optimized airfoil and complete rotor as well the structural behaviour of the blade, respectively. Finally, composite blade is manufactured and the rotor performance is also determined experimentally by thrust and torque measurements. Findings Complete process of blade design (including geometry definition and optimization, estimation of aerodynamic performances, structural analysis and blade manufacturing) is conducted and explained in detail. The correspondence between computed and measured thrust and torque curves of the optimal rotor is satisfactory (differences mostly remain below 15%), which validates and justifies the used design approach formulated specifically for low-cost, small-scale propeller blades. Furthermore, the proposed techniques can easily be applied to any kind of rotating lifting surfaces including helicopter or wind turbine blades. Originality/value Blade design methodology is simplified, shortened and made more flexible thus enabling the fast and economic production of propeller blades optimized for specific working conditions.

Resource idiosyncrasy, performance, and inter-firm small-world networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarle Aarstad
Keyword(s):  
Path Length ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Small World ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Structural Holes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Many networks take a small-world structure, with a high degree of clustering and shortcut ties that reduce the path-length between the clusters. It can be argued that small-world networks have benefits that are simultaneously related to network closures and the spanning of structural holes, but research on the network members’ performance is nonetheless inconclusive. The purpose of this paper is to argue that the concept of resource idiosyncrasy can explain the mixed findings. Firm idiosyncratic resources are not easily generalizable across enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – Industries may vary in terms of resource idiosyncrasy, and the paper elaborates how this can moderate shortcut ties’ effect on performance in an inter-firm network. Findings – If resource idiosyncrasy predominates in an industry, the paper proposes that inter-firm shortcut ties may increase performance, whereas shortcut ties may decrease performance if non-idiosyncratic resources predominate. Originality/value – Applying the concept of resource idiosyncrasy as a moderating variable, the paper aims to explain shortcut ties’ effect on performance in an inter-firm network. The theory advanced here can have practical implications and also motivate future empirical studies to gain further knowledge about small-world networks’ effect on performance.

Multilayer document model for semantic document management services

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Sladić ◽  
Igor Cverdelj-Fogaraši ◽  
Stevan Gostojić ◽  
Goran Savić ◽  
Milan Segedinac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Document Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the benefits of an approach in which document management systems (DMSs) are based on a formal and explicit document model, primarily in terms of facilitating domain-specific customization. Design/methodology/approach Within this paper, a generic document model is proposed. The model consists of two layers. A general purpose layer, which represents common features of the documents, and a domain-specific layer, modeling properties particular to application domain. The general purpose layer is based on ISO 82045, providing high degree of interoperability with other systems developed with respect to this set of standard. Findings Splitting document model into the layers enables DMSs to be tailored for each particular domain of application, depending on the general purpose layer. The existence of domain-specific layer allows documents to be interpreted differently in different domains of application. Practical implications In order to enable customization of DMS for a particular domain, the implementation of domain-specific document layer is required. Also, the proposed model does not explicitly deal with document dynamics. Originality/value The proposed document ontology is general enough to provide the representation of documents not depending on a specific scope of application, yet flexible enough to enable extensions through which domain-specific document features can be expressed. The separation of document model enables development of core DMS offering services relying explicitly on the general purpose layer on one hand, as well as domain-specific customization of DMS on the other.

Virtual value soars for sales-related skills

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Bob Little
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Online Delivery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virtual Coaching ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Negotiation Training

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline an unusual – and online-based – approach to sales and negotiation training and coaching. Design/methodology/approach – Interviews with organisations involved, augmented with case studies. Findings – The “Learn, Implement, Support” method of developing sales and negotiating skills is effective. It combats, cost effectively, the criticism that 30 per cent of all learning is forgotten within 30 days of receiving training unless it is reinforced in a practical way. Practical implications – Organisations of all sizes – not just global multinationals – can now increase productivity and profitability from the online delivery of relevant learning materials, followed immediately by virtual coaching and support for a period of at least 12 months. Social implications – People can learn how to sell products and services more effectively and efficiently, via online-delivered learning and coaching, which contains a high degree of video. Originality/value – Organisations of all sizes – not just global multinationals – can now experience and benefit from the knowledge, skills and experience of a master-performer in the fields of sales and negotiation, thanks to the advent of a system of online learning delivery followed by virtual coaching.

scholarly journals Design, simulation, testing and application of laser-sintered conformal lattice structures on component level

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
David Marschall ◽  
Sigfrid-Laurin Sindinger ◽  
Herbert Rippl ◽  
Maria Bartosova ◽  
Martin Schagerl
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Periodic Lattice ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Lattice Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structural Simulation

Purpose Laser sintering of polyamide lattice-based lightweight fairing components for subsequent racetrack testing requires a high quality and a reliable design. Hence, the purpose of this study was to develop a design methodology for such additively manufactured prototypes, considering efficient generation and structural simulation of boundary conformal non-periodic lattices, optimization of production parameters as well as experimental validation. Design/methodology/approach Multi-curved, sandwich structure-based demonstrators were designed, simulated and experimentally tested with boundary conformal lattice cells. The demonstrator’s non-periodic lattice cells were simplified by forward homogenization processes. To represent the stiffness of the top and bottom face sheet, constant isotropic and mapped transversely isotropic simulation approaches were compared. The dimensional accuracy of lattice cells and demonstrators were measured with a gauge caliper and a three-dimensional scanning system. The optimized process parameters for lattice structures were transferred onto a large volume laser sintering system. The stiffness of each finite element analysis was verified by an experimental test setup including a digital image correlation system. Findings The stiffness prediction of the mapped was superior to the constant approach and underestimated the test results with −6.5%. Using a full scale fairing the applicability of the development process was successfully demonstrated. Originality/value The design approach elaborated in this research covers aspects from efficient geometry generation over structural simulation to experimental testing of produced parts. This methodology is not only relevant in the context of motor sports but is transferrable for all additively manufactured large scale components featuring a complex lattice sub-structure and is, therefore, relevant across industries.

The effects of IFRS experience on audit fees for listed companies in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Lun Lin ◽  
Ai-Ru Yen
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pricing Decisions ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Audit Firms ◽  
High Degree

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether and how auditors’ and audit clients’ IFRS-related experience alters auditors’ pricing decisions in the initial years of IFRS adoption in China. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct the analysis by examining audit fees from 4,129 sample observations that issued A-shares in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2005 to 2008. The authors empirically test the association between audit premiums and auditors’ and auditees’ IFRS experience. Findings – The authors find that auditors with IFRS experience charged significantly higher audit premiums in the initial years of IFRS adoption. The authors also find that audit clients’ with IFRS experience paid significantly lower incremental fees. The authors further find that the increased fees charged by audit firms with IFRS experience are independent of the degree of changes in the financial reporting complexity of their clients. In contrast, audit clients with IFRS experience paid lower incremental fees only when they underwent a high degree of changes in financial reporting complexity. Originality/value – First, it is the understanding that this study is the first to provide evidence on the effect of audit clients’ experience on audit fees. Second, the measure of auditors’ expertise is independent of audit clients’ decisions and is a less noisy measure. Third, the findings complement the existing evidence from other countries regarding the effects of IFRS convergence on audit fees. Finally, this study empirically tests the effects of changes in financial reporting complexity on audit fees.

“There is total silence here” Ethical competence and inter-organizational learning in healthcare governance

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Erica Falkenström ◽  
Anna T. Höglund
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ethical Competence ◽  
Stepwise Method ◽  
Business Principles ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management tasks at the county/regional level in Sweden. The paper also discusses conditions that support or constrain the development and application of such competence. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on original qualitative data from 13 interviews and 6 meeting observations. Three key groups of actors were included: politicians, civil servants and CEOs in publicly financed health-provider organizations. An abductive analysis was carried out by a stepwise method guided by thematic research questions. Findings The informants viewed themselves as having a high degree of ethical responsibility for healthcare practice. However, they did not integrate ethical reflection and dialogue into their work decisions (e.g. regarding budgets, reforms and care agreements). The current organization, control systems and underlying business principles, along with the individuals’ understanding of their own and others’ roles, tended to constrain the development and use of ethical competence. Practical implications Qualities of an appropriate ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management, and conditions to develop and use such competence, are suggested. Originality/value Hardly any empirical research has examined ethical competence related to healthcare governance and management tasks. The paper integrates ethics and theories on learning in organizations and contributes knowledge about ethical competence and the conditions necessary to develop and practise ethical competence in an organizational and inter-organizational context.

Transculturality as a drive for the SDGs achievement

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 822-831
Author(s):  
Norman de Paula Arruda Filho ◽  
Barbara Sueli Przybylowicz Beuter
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
It Value ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
High Degree

Purpose This study aims to assess how transculturality can potentiate projects developed between UN Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) signatories’ institutions by emphasizing on the advantages for teams with people from different nationalities. Besides, it addresses a well-discussed topic among the signatory schools of PRME as the initiative strongly encouraged integrated research, attributing it value and applicability. Design/methodology/approach The analysis focuses on three projects developed in partnership between institutions from Brazil and other countries, considering significant cultural differences, number of countries involved and the interaction between the academia and the companies. The discussion seeks to understand the value of projects and what they mean in terms of partnerships and mobilizations between PRME’s signatories schools. Findings The paper provides empirical insights about the necessity of understanding transculturality as a key factor to the development of multicultural projects, especially with regard to projects aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, launched by the UN in 2015. Originality/value The discussion reinforces that a multifaceted vision has the potential to overlap cultural differences to develop projects with a high degree of replicability.

SOLOMO – are hospitality SMEs able to move beyond traditional websites in their digital marketing roadmap for Expo 2020?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-313
Author(s):  
Florian Kriechbaumer
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Innovation ◽  
Technological Readiness ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to provide an overview of how trends encompassing SOLOMO (social, local, mobile) factors impact marketing activities in small and medium-sized hospitality enterprises (SMEs). It explores the relevancy of these factors and their application in the industry and synthesizes them in the context of Dubai’s path toward Expo 2020 by collecting practitioner input. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides continuity with the author’s previous WHATT article exploring SME website implementation by expanding its scope by analyzing literature on SOLOMO adoption in the hospitality industry, drawing from a range of journals and applicable industry sources. It collects informal commentary from practitioners with relevant local experience to contextualize the findings within Dubai’s digital roadmap. Findings Several aspects of SOLOMO in the context of hospitality have been examined by researchers; however, their successful applicability to the SME sector (which is still struggling with the fundamentals of website implementation) lacks comprehensive consideration. There is a dearth of academic and governmental guidance for industry executives. At the same time, trends beyond SOLOMO, particularly around data analytics, are emerging and require incorporation into a digital SME roadmap. Practical implications Executives in the hospitality SME domain are encouraged to continue focusing on the fundamentals of website implementation while they take into consideration the trends around SOLOMO identified in the study. A holistic, result-driven view of digital marketing is required to ensure focused resource usage. Closer collaboration between private sector, policymakers and academia will support Dubai’s initiatives to leverage its high degree of technological readiness for marketing innovation in the SME sector. Originality/value This manuscript provides a practically oriented and engaging overview of the applicability of SOLOMO concepts for hospitality SMEs, with a local focus on the Dubai ecosystem.

Effect of microstructure on corrosion of welded joints of X80 steel in water saturated supercritical CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Hongda Deng ◽  
Xianlong Cao ◽  
Yongbo Yan ◽  
Kuanya Xie
Keyword(s):  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corrosion Scale ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
X80 Steel ◽  
Water Saturated

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to research whether microstructure varieties of zones at welded joints pose a tremendous effect on its corrosion in SC-CO2. Design/methodology/approach The interrelation between the corrosion and microstructure of base metal (BM), fine grain heat affected zone (FHAZ), coarse grain heat affected zone and weld metal (WM) in welded of X80 steel in water saturated supercritical CO2 was studied by using optical microscope, weight loss test, electrochemical measurements and surface analytical techniques. Findings The all subzones of X80 weld joints were attacked by SC-CO2 corrosion and showed flower-like corrosion scale spots consisted of granular FeCO3. The most severe corrosion appeared at WM due to lower proportion of ferrite to pearlite, but the slightest corrosion displayed at BM. GHAZ with larger grains and more polygonal ferrite exhibited more severe corrosion than that at BM. Due to its smaller grain, FHAZ displayed comparatively more severe corrosion to that at BM. Originality/value There exists close interrelation between the corrosion and microstructure of the welded carbon steel in water saturated supercritical CO2.

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