Effects of government supports and credits on Turkish agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Ali Koç ◽  
T. Edward Yu ◽  
Taylan Kıymaz ◽  
Bijay Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Agricultural Output ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effects ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Domestic supports on Turkish agriculture have substantially increased over the past decade while empirical evaluation of their output impact is limited. Also, the existing literature often neglects potential spatial spillover effects of agricultural policies or subsidies. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the direct and spillover effects of Turkish agricultural domestic measures and agricultural credits use on the added agricultural value. Design/methodology/approach This study applied a spatial panel model incorporating spatial interactions among the dependent and explanatory variables to evaluate the impact of government support and credit on Turkish agricultural output. A provincial data set of agricultural output values, input factors and government subsidies from 2004 to 2014 was used to model the spatial spillover effects of government supports. Findings Results show that a one percent increase in agricultural credits in a given province leads to an average increase of 0.17 percent overall in agricultural value-added per hectare, including 0.05 percent from the direct effect and 0.12 percent from the spillover effect. Contrary to agricultural credits, a one percent increase in government supports in a province generates a mixed direct and spillover effects, resulting in an overall reduction of 0.13 percent in agricultural value-added per hectare in Turkey. Research limitations/implications This study could be extended by controlling for climate, biodiversity and investment factors to agricultural output in addition to input and policy factors if such data were available. Originality/value This study fills the gap in the literature by determining the total effect, including direct and spatial spillover effect, of domestic supports and credits on Turkish agricultural value. The findings provide crucial information to decision makers regarding the importance of incorporating spatial spillover effects in the design of agricultural policy.

scholarly journals The Spatial Interaction Effect of Environmental Regulation on Urban Innovation Capacity: Empirical Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4470
Author(s):  
Ruomeng Zhou ◽  
Yunsheng Zhang ◽  
Xincai Gao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Spatial Interaction ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effects ◽  
The Impact

This paper applies a spatial econometric model to measure the impact of environmental regulation on urban innovation capacity from a spatial interaction perspective by using panel data from 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration from 2009 to 2018. The study findings are as follows: first, environmental regulation has a significant positive impact on urban innovation capacity and a significant positive spatial spillover effect; second, innovation capacity has significant positive spatial dependence; third, city informatization level, government expenditures on science and technology, city economic scale, and industrial development level all positively affect the innovation capacity of neighboring cities and all have positive spatial spillover effects on the innovation capacity of neighboring cities; and finally, city expansion reduces the innovation capacity of a city and has negative spatial spillover effects on the innovation capacity of neighboring cities.

Ecological well-being performance and influencing factors in China: from the perspective of income inequality

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Zhou ◽  
Zongqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effect

PurposeChina's increasing income inequality might cause a series of problems, such as the slowdown of economic growth, social and economic tension, the decline of the ecological environment quality and the threat to citizens' health. Consequently, income inequality will inevitably affect the ecological well-being performance (EWP) level of China's provinces through the above aspects. Analyzing the impact of income inequality on EWP and its spatial spillover effects are conducive to improving the level of EWP in China. Therefore, the research purpose of this paper is to use China's provincial data from 2001 to 2017 to analyze the impact of income inequality on EWP and the spatial spillover effect based on the evaluation of the EWP value of each province.Design/methodology/approachAt first, this study utilizes the super efficiency slacks-based measure model (Super-SBM model) to calculate the EWP values of 30 provinces in China, which can evaluate and rank the effective decision units in the SBM model and make up for the defect that the effective decision units cannot be distinguished. Then this study applies the spatial Durbin model and Tobit regression model (SDM-Tobit model) to explore the impact of income inequality and other influencing factors on EWP and the spatial spillover effects in adjacent areas.FindingsFirstly, the average EWP in China fluctuated slightly and showed a downward trend from 2001 to 2017. In addition, the EWP values of the provinces in the western region are usually weaker than those in the eastern and central regions. Moreover, income inequality is negatively correlated with EWP, and the EWP has a spatial spillover effect, which means the EWP level in a region is affected by EWP values in the adjacent regions. Furthermore, the industrial structure and urbanization level are both negatively related to EWP, while technology level, investment openness, trade openness and education level are positively related to EWP.Originality/valueCompared with the existing research, the possible contribution of this research is that it takes income inequality as one of the important influencing factors of EWP and adopts the SDM-Tobit model to analyze the impact mechanism of income inequality on EWP from the perspective of time and space, providing new ideas for improving the EWP of various provinces in China.

Analysis of risk spillover effect of copper option in China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuyi Ye ◽  
Yiqi Wang ◽  
Jinhai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Value At Risk ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conditional Autoregressive ◽  
Derivative Markets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Spillover Effects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the changes in the risk spillover effects between the copper spot and futures markets before and after the issuance of copper options, analyze the risk spillover effects between the three markets after the issuance of the options and can provide effective suggestions for regulators and investors who hedge risks. Design/methodology/approach The MV-CAViaR model is an extended form of the vector autoregressive model (VAR) to the quantile model, and it is also a special form of the MVMQ-CAViaR model. Based on the VAR quantile model, this model has undergone continuous promotion of the Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk Model (CAViaR) and the Multi-quantile Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk Model (MQ-CAViaR), and finally got the current form of the model. Findings The issuance of options has led to certain changes in the risk spillover effect between the copper spot and its derivative markets, and the risk aggregation effect in the futures market has always been significant. Therefore, when supervising the copper product market and investors using copper derivatives to avoid market risks, they need to pay attention to the impact of futures on the spot market, the impact of options on the futures market and the risk spillover effects of spot and futures on the options market. Practical implications The empirical results of this paper can be used to hedge market risk investment strategies, and the changes in market relationships also provide an effective basis for the supervision of the copper product market by the supervisory authority. Originality/value It is the first literature research to discuss the risk and the impact of spillover effects of copper options on China copper market and its derivative markets. The MV-CAViaR model can capture the mutual risk influence between markets by modeling multiple markets simultaneously.

Assessing the impact of knowledge management on total factor productivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Sami ◽  
Randa El Bedawy
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Indicator ◽  
Percent Increase ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of knowledge management (KM) on the total factor productivity (TFP) at the organizational level in Egypt. Design/methodology/approach Using the novel available EC 2013 data set, which includes approximately 60,000 private organizations in Egypt, the paper explores the relationship between KM and TFP. For the purpose of dealing with endogeneity, the two-stage least squares econometric model has been implemented. Findings The study reveals that KM impacts positively the TFP of the Egyptian organizations. Conspicuously, each 10 percent increase in KM is associated with 9.3 percent increase in TFP. Originality/value The role of KM in the organizations has been under-researched globally, especially in Africa. This study contributes to the current literature by assessing the impact of KM on TFP, which represents the most comprehensive measure of the firm productivity; by implementing a novel instrumental variable in order to deal with endogeneity between KM and TFP; and by generating a more nuanced measure for the knowledge intensity that is not based on any financial indicator as in the most of the previous studies. Original findings can be highlighted from the paper as it demonstrates that the impact of KM is more important than proposed by the current literature. Conspicuously, the KM does not merely impact the customer satisfaction, the quality improvement and the profit margin, but it also impacts the TFP of the organizations.

Does China’s transportation infrastructure have an impact on employment in the service sector?

Kybernetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2737-2753
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Meiqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effect

Purpose The large-scale construction of China’s transportation infrastructure has driven the flow of elements between regions, which has provided convenient conditions for the accumulation of advantageous resources. Design/methodology/approach Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China in the past 2003-2017 years, this paper applies the spatial econometric model and partial differential method and empirically analyzes the spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on employment in the service industry under four spatial weighting matrices. Findings The results show that for every 1 per cent increase in the level of transportation infrastructure, the employment density of the service industry in the region can be increased by 0.1274 per cent. It is worth noting that roads promote the employment of the service industry more than railways and inland waterways. However, inland waterways have not shown positive effects. The results on spatial spillover of transportation infrastructure indicate that railway has obvious promotion effect on the employment level of service industry in the surrounding area, while the highway has hindered the effect. The spatial spillover effect of inland waterway is not obvious. Originality/value The value of this paper is to consider the impact of China’s transportation infrastructure on employment in a particular industry, especially in the service industry. The research will help to provide empirical evidence for policymakers. The government needs to invest and build transportation infrastructure based on the stage and development potential of the employment development of the regional service industry.

Estimating umbrella-branding spillovers: a retailer perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 1695-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mouna Sebri ◽  
Georges Zaccour
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Brand Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Umbrella Branding ◽  
Share Model ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The starting conjecture is that the market share of a brand in one category benefits from its performance in another category, and vice versa. The purpose of this paper is to assess the umbrella-branding spillovers by investigating the presence of synergy effect between categories when a retailer and/or a manufacturer decide to adopt/use the same name for his products. In fact, besides the cross-category dependency due to substitutability or complementarity, products can also be linked through their brand name in presence of an umbrella-branding strategy. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose an extended market-share model to account for the spillover effect at the brand level. The spillover is modeled to be generated by the brand's performance and not specific to marketing instruments, as done in the literature. They adopt a multiplicative competitive interaction (MCI) form for the attraction function. Based on aggregated data of two complementary oral-hygiene categories, the authors estimate the umbrella-branding spillover parameters using the iterate three-stage least squares (I3SLS) method. They contrast the results in three scenarios: no spillover, brand-constant spillover and brand-specific spillover. Findings The ensuing results indicate that umbrella-branding spillover is (i) significant and positive, i.e. the brand performance is boosted by its performance in a related category, through the so-called brand-attraction multiplier; (ii) asymmetric, i.e. the spillover is not equal in both directions; and associated to the market strength of each competing brand; (iii) variable across brands. The results show that not accounting for umbrella-branding spillover leads to misestimating the parameters and has a considerable impact on price-elasticities computation. Research limitations/implications Because store brands and some national brands exist in many categories, and thus because consumers make inferences when they face a large number of brands in different categories, spillover effects cannot be labelled as simply complementary or substitution-related. Future research may provide insight about the spillover phenomenon in a more general framework that would consider the spillover occurring between more than two categories. Practical implications Providing accurate assessment for umbrella-branding spillovers governing the competing brands, the results offer a relevant and straightforward method for decision makers to precisely assess the impact of a marketing effort in one category on the retailer's global performance. The findings provide better forecasts of market response in terms of sales and profit, within a cross-category perspective. Originality/value This study develops and estimates a market-share model with the aim of measuring brand-category spillover effects. The literature dealt with cross-category interactions in terms of substitutability or complementarity between the products offered in the two or more categories under investigation. Here, the focal point (and contribution) of the authors is the link at the brand level. Indeed, the authors only require that a minimum of one brand is offered in at least two of the categories of interest. Further, the spillover considered is not specific to marketing instruments, but is generated by the brand performance (attraction or market share), which is the result of both the firms marketing-mix choice and competitors marketing policies.

scholarly journals The Spatial Spillover Effects of Environmental Regulation on China’s Industrial Green Growth Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiping Wang ◽  
Moyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effects

This study investigated the spatial spillover effects of environmental regulation (ER) on industrial green growth performance (IGGP) in China. Firstly, a parametric stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) was estimated to measure IGGP using the data of China’s 30 provincial industry sectors during 2000–2014. Then, considering the space–time characteristics in IGGP, the spatial spillover effects of three types of ER, namely, administrative environmental regulation (AER), market-based environmental regulation (MER), and voluntary environmental regulation (VER), on IGGP was examined by employing spatial Durbin model (SDM). The main findings are: (1) the IGGP is low but shows a trend of continuous improvement and there is a significant disparity and spatial autocorrelations amongst regions; (2) the spillover effects of the three types of ER are different, specifically, the spillover effects of AER are significant negative, while the effects of MER and VER are both significant positive. The difference between the latter two is that the positive spillover effect of MER on IGGP is so large to outperform the negative direct effect, while the effect of VER is very minor. Based on these findings, relevant policy suggestions are presented to balance industrial economic and environmental protection in order to promote IGGP.

scholarly journals Reverse educational spillovers at the firm level

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uschi Backes-Gellner ◽  
Christian Rupietta ◽  
Simone N. Tuor Sartore
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Education Academic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine spillover effects across differently educated workers. For the first time, the authors consider “reverse” spillover effects, i.e. spillover effects from secondary-educated workers with dual vocational education and training (VET) to tertiary-educated workers with academic education. The authors argue that, due to structural differences in training methodology and content, secondary-educated workers with VET degrees have knowledge that tertiary academically educated workers do not have. Design/methodology/approach The authors use data from a large employer-employee data set: the Swiss Earnings Structure Survey. The authors estimate ordinary least squares and fixed effects panel-data models to identify such “reverse” spillover effects. Moreover, the authors consider the endogenous workforce composition. Findings The authors find that tertiary-educated workers have higher productivity when working together with secondary-educated workers with VET degrees. The instrumental variable estimations support this finding. The functional form of the reverse spillover effect is inverted-U-shaped. This means that at first the reverse spillover effect from an additional secondary-educated worker is positive but diminishing. Research limitations/implications The results imply that firms need to combine different types of workers because their different kinds of knowledge produce spillover effects and thereby lead to overall higher productivity. Originality/value The traditional view of spillover effects assumes that tertiary-educated workers create spillover effects toward secondary-educated workers. However, the authors show that workers who differ in their type of education (academic vs vocational) may also create reverse spillover effects.

Influence of environmental regulations on China’s tourism competitiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-446
Author(s):  
Cong Peng ◽  
Peng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spatial Spillover ◽  
Spatial Spillover Effects

Purpose China intends to enhance its environmental regulations, which will affect many industries, because of the serious environmental pollution that the country faces. This study aims to investigate the influence of environmental regulations on China’s provincial tourism competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach A vertical-and-horizontal scatter degree method is used to construct provincial-level tourism competitiveness and environmental regulation indices in China. Thereafter, a spatial econometric model is established to empirically assess the influence of environmental regulations on China’s provincial tourism competitiveness and investigate the spatial spillover effects of environmental regulations. Findings Environmental regulations and China’s provincial tourism competitiveness exhibit a “U”-shaped relationship, mainly because of the indirect effects of environmental regulations (spatial spillover effects). The environmental regulation indices of the majority of the provinces have crossed the turning point. Thus, improving environmental regulations has a positive effect on tourism competitiveness. This effect mainly originates from the positive spatial spillover effects. Social implications Tourism development plays an important role in promoting economic growth. However, increasing environmental pollution may constrain the development of tourism. Therefore, the possible influence of environmental regulations on tourism development should be understood. Originality/value At present, no research has explored the influence of environmental regulations on China’s tourism competitiveness. The current study considers the nonlinear effects of environmental regulations and investigates their spatial spillover effects.

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