Off-office audit of natural resource assets and water pollution: a quasi-natural experiment in China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Ma ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Malin Song
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Dynamic Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Audit System ◽  
And Control

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the off-office audit of natural resource assets on the prevention and control of water pollution against a background of big data using a differences-in-differences model.Design/methodology/approachThis study constructs a differences-in-differences model to evaluate the policy effects of off-office audit based on panel data from 11 cities in Anhui Province, China, from 2011 to 2017, and analyzes the dynamic effect of the audit and intermediary effect of industrial structure.FindingsThe implementation of the audit system can effectively reduce water pollution. Dynamic effect analysis showed that the audit policy can not only improve the quality of water resources but can also have a cumulative effect over time. That is, the prevention and control effect on water pollution is getting stronger and stronger. The results of the robustness test verified the effectiveness of water pollution prevention and control. However, the results of the influence mechanism analysis showed that the mediating effect of the industrial structure was not obvious in the short term.Practical implicationsThese findings shed light on the effect of the off-office audit of natural resource assets on the prevention and control of water pollution, and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant environmental policies. Furthermore, these findings show that the implementation of the audit system can effectively reduce water pollution, which has practical significance for the sustainable development of China's economy against the background of big data.Originality/valueThis study quantitatively analyzes the policy effect of off-office auditing from the perspective of water resources based on a big data background, which differs from the existing research that mainly focuses on basic theoretical analysis.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Epidemic Prevention and Control Based on Big Data Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 1881 (4) ◽  
pp. 042036
Author(s):  
Jiao Tan ◽  
Yonghong Ma ◽  
Ke Men ◽  
Jing Lei ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Big Data Technology

Health promotion through youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior: a conceptual paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Heni Trisnowati ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Retna Siwi Padmawati
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning Implementation ◽  
And Control

PurposeThis paper aimed to review globally the empowerment programs for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths, to examine the role of empowerment in health promotion, to explore the stages of health promotion through community empowerment strategies including planning, implementation and evaluation. Finally, this paper will develop a model of youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior that reflects theory and experience drawn from the literature.Design/methodology/approachThis review synthesized articles on community empowerment and health promotion, youth empowerment programs for tobacco prevention and control globally from books and electronic databases from the Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) library in the publication period 2000–2020. Relevant literature was selected and critically reviewed which reflected the role empowerment in health promotion, stage of community empowerment strategy as described by Laverack and youth empowerment concept in tobacco control as described by Holden.FindingsDocuments that specifically discuss empowerment programs for smoking prevention and control are still limited. The findings document that youth empowerment in tobacco control do not fully integrate the theory empowerment as described by Laverack and Holden. This paper provides information about the stages of youth empowerment, and a conceptual framework of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior. Youth empowerment is done through the direct involvement of youth in programs starting from program design, planning, implementation and evaluation. Indicators of the success of the empowerment process are reflected in the increase in the empowerment domain. Meanwhile, the output of empowerment can be seen from the individual- or group-level changes.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a model of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths based on theory and experience in the field.

Big Data information governance by accountants

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily M. Coyne ◽  
Joshua G. Coyne ◽  
Kenton B. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Life Cycle ◽  
Information Governance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Strong Ability

Purpose Big Data has become increasingly important to multiple facets of the accounting profession, but accountants have little understanding of the steps necessary to convert Big Data into useful information. This limited understanding creates a gap between what accountants can do and what accountants should do to assist in Big Data information governance. The study aims to bridge this gap in two ways. Design/methodology/approach First, the study introduces a model of the Big Data life cycle to explain the process of converting Big Data into information. Knowledge of this life cycle is a first step toward enabling accountants to engage in Big Data information governance. Second, it highlights informational and control risks inherent to this life cycle, and identifies information governance activities and agents that can minimize these risks. Findings Because accountants have a strong ability to identify the informational and control needs of internal and external decision-makers, they should play a significant role in Big Data information governance. Originality/value This model of the Big Data life cycle and information governance provides a first attempt to formalize knowledge that accountants need in a new field of the accounting profession.

scholarly journals Reversible Gene Expression Control inYersinia pestisby Using an Optimized CRISPR Interference System

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Qingwen Zhang ◽  
Shiyang Cao ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Gene Knockdown ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTMany genes in the bacterial pathogenYersinia pestis, the causative agent of three plague pandemics, remain uncharacterized, greatly hampering the development of measures for plague prevention and control. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) has been shown to be an effective tool for gene knockdown in model bacteria. In this system, a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) and a small guide RNA (sgRNA) form a complex, binding to the specific DNA target through base pairing, thereby impeding RNA polymerase binding and causing target gene repression. Here, we introduce an optimized CRISPRi system usingStreptococcus pyogenesCas9-derived dCas9 for gene knockdown inY. pestis. Multiple genes harbored on either the chromosome or plasmids ofY. pestiswere efficiently knocked down (up to 380-fold) in a strictly anhydrotetracycline-inducible manner using this CRISPRi approach. Knockdown ofhmsH(responsible for biofilm formation) orcspB(encoding a cold shock protein) resulted in greatly decreased biofilm formation or impaired cold tolerance inin vitrophenotypic assays. Furthermore, silencing of the virulence-associated genesyscBorailusing this CRISPRi system resulted in attenuation of virulence in HeLa cells and mice similar to that previously reported foryscBandailnull mutants. Taken together, our results confirm that this optimized CRISPRi system can reversibly and efficiently repress the expression of target genes inY. pestis, providing an alternative to conventional gene knockdown techniques, as well as a strategy for high-throughput phenotypic screening ofY. pestisgenes with unknown functions.IMPORTANCEYersiniapestisis a lethal pathogen responsible for millions of human deaths in history. It has also attracted much attention for potential uses as a bioweapon or bioterrorism agent, against which new vaccines are desperately needed. However, manyY. pestisgenes remain uncharacterized, greatly hampering the development of measures for plague prevention and control. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) has been successfully used in a variety of bacteria in functional genomic studies, but no such genetic tool has been reported inY. pestis. Here, we systematically optimized the CRISPRi approach for use inY. pestis, which ultimately repressed target gene expression with high efficiency in a reversible manner. Knockdown of functional genes using this method produced phenotypes that were readily detected byin vitroassays, cell infection assays, and mouse infection experiments. This is a report of a CRISPRi approach inY. pestisand highlights the potential use of this approach in high-throughput functional genomics studies of this pathogen.

Prevention and Control of Water Pollution Based on Ecosystem Management (EM): A Case Study of Poyang Lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1575-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yong Yang ◽  
Xin Hua Zhang ◽  
Zhong Wei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Poyang Lake Basin ◽  
Pollution Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control

The water quality monitoring revealed that the water quality in Poyang Lake is increasely degenerating in the past several years and the deterioration reasons were analyzed. The increasingly serious water pollution indicated that there were inherent drawbacks in current environmental management system of China. Therefore, the typical models of water pollution prevention and control in developed countries and China were researched. The explorations of water pollution prevention and control based on ecosystem management for Poyang Lake were reviewed, especially the practice of Mountain-River-Lake (MRL) Program in Poyang Lake Basin. At last, the challenges of water pollution prevention and control in Poyang Lake Basin was put forword such as law and policy, organization structure, participation mechanism. The researches indicated that the multiplicity and complexity of nature, humanities, society and economy in Poyang Lake determined its importance and necessity to implement ecosystem-based water environment management. In the future construction of water pollution prevention model based on integrated ecosystem management is an inevitable trend for Poyang Lake basin.

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