Health promotion through youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior: a conceptual paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Heni Trisnowati ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Retna Siwi Padmawati
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning Implementation ◽  
And Control

PurposeThis paper aimed to review globally the empowerment programs for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths, to examine the role of empowerment in health promotion, to explore the stages of health promotion through community empowerment strategies including planning, implementation and evaluation. Finally, this paper will develop a model of youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior that reflects theory and experience drawn from the literature.Design/methodology/approachThis review synthesized articles on community empowerment and health promotion, youth empowerment programs for tobacco prevention and control globally from books and electronic databases from the Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) library in the publication period 2000–2020. Relevant literature was selected and critically reviewed which reflected the role empowerment in health promotion, stage of community empowerment strategy as described by Laverack and youth empowerment concept in tobacco control as described by Holden.FindingsDocuments that specifically discuss empowerment programs for smoking prevention and control are still limited. The findings document that youth empowerment in tobacco control do not fully integrate the theory empowerment as described by Laverack and Holden. This paper provides information about the stages of youth empowerment, and a conceptual framework of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior. Youth empowerment is done through the direct involvement of youth in programs starting from program design, planning, implementation and evaluation. Indicators of the success of the empowerment process are reflected in the increase in the empowerment domain. Meanwhile, the output of empowerment can be seen from the individual- or group-level changes.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a model of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths based on theory and experience in the field.

Developing a framework for youth empowerment to prevent smoking behavior in a rural setting: study protocol for a participatory action research

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heni Trisnowati ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Retna Siwi Padmawati ◽  
Adi Utarini
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Action Stage

PurposeThere is limited research examining community-based youth empowerment that addresses smoking prevention in the rural Indonesian context. This paper describes participatory action research (PAR) applied to develop a framework for empowering youth aged 17–25 years toward smoking prevention. This research conducted in the Indonesian rural community setting was divided into four stages: diagnosing, planning action, taking action and evaluating action.Design/methodology/approachPAR was chosen as the approach to developing a framework for youth empowerment in smoking prevention programs. In this study, the PAR cycle started with a prestep stage through interviews with village heads, community leaders, youth organization organizers, observations of target resources and observations of participation in youth activities as well as forming teamwork with target participants. The diagnosis stage consists of three activities, that is, focus group discussions with youth groups of male and female, youth assessment of empowerment domains through the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) with the Empowerment Assessment Rating Scale (EARS) and measuring individual and group involvement levels related to the smoking behavior prevention program by questionnaire. The EARS assessment results were presented in the action planning stage, followed by a discussion on youth empowerment plans and strategies. In the action stage, activities and programs are planned according to the planning discussion, that is: training in healthy life skills (outbound and training) and initiating youth health programs without smoking called “Remaja Berdaya Sehat Tanpa Rokok” (Empowered Youth Healthy Without Smoking) or the JayaStar Program. After these community participation activities, the evaluating action stage will assess the empowerment domain in the youth groups, conduct focus group discussions with parents, evaluate the impact of empowerment on individual and group changes with a questionnaire and facilitate self-reflection by the youth community called Madiska.FindingsThis protocol describes a doctoral research project on developing a youth empowerment framework in smoking prevention programs through PAR. The intended study will provide valuable information on the planning, implementation and evaluation of youth empowerment in the prevention of smoking behavior.Originality/valueThis research project is expected to contribute to the literature relating to PAR for rural settings and the use of empowerment strategies to prevent youth smoking behavior. The results can be replicated in the same settings, but the process of empowerment must still be adapted to the characteristics and local wisdom of the community.

scholarly journals Study on Factors Related to Home Quarantine and Smoking Behavior for People Trying to Quit Smoking in Beijing Communities during the Epidemic of COVID-19 Period and its Inspiration to Tobacco Control Policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianying Jin ◽  
Kun Qiao ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
Hanqiao Ma ◽  
Xinyuan Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Stay Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Psychological Mood

Abstract Background: To understand the quit smoking status of people trying to quit smoking in Beijing communities during the epidemic of COVID-19 period, analyze their changes in smoking behavior, relapse thought, nicotine dependence, willingness to quit smoking compared with before the epidemic, and correlation with home stay time, change in psychological mood and smoking status during independent home quarantine so as to provide reference for tobacco control and optimization of quitting smoking guidance service during normalization of epidemic prevention and control. Methods: To interview 388 people who are trying to quit smoking and involved in quitting smoking intervention service by one-to-one face interview before outbreak and one-to-one telephone survey during the epidemic period. The survey covers daily home stay time, psychological mood, tobacco use, nicotine dependence, and willingness to quit smoking. Adopt 1:2 propensity score matching, and take whether to consume quit smoking drugs and whether to participate in regular follow-ups as the matching conditions to control confounder. After matching, the c2 test, t test, and rank sum test were used to compare correlative factors such as smoking behavior change, relapse thought, nicotine dependence, and change in willingness to quit smoking between people who have quit and those who have not quit. Results: A total of 348 cases were successfully matched, including 137 who have quit smoking and 211 who have not quit smoking. The difference in two groups of baseline data after matching was no statistically significant (P>0.05). During the epidemic period, the quit smoking rate (39.9%) was higher than that (25.0%) before the outbreak. The average daily smoking (7.10±8.473) was lower than that (7.77±8.405) before the outbreak. The score of Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence (1.91±2.449) was lower than that (4.35±2.518) before the outbreak; the score of the assessment scale of willingness to quit smoking (38.17±12.377) was higher than that (19.78±9.103) before the outbreak; the smoking change of non-smokers before and after outbreak was related to distress, calm psychological mood, relief of sorrow and boredom, smoking addiction and habit (P<0.05); nicotine dependence was related to the psychological mood of distress (P<0.05), and the willingness to quit smoking was related to the daily home stay time (P<0.05); For those who had quit smoking successfully, the smoking change was related to the psychological mood of distress, relief of sorrow and boredom, alleviation of stress, smoking addiction and habit (P<0.05); relapse thought was related to the psychological mood of distress, relief of sorrow and boredom, recreation and alleviation of stress (P<0.05); nicotine dependence was related to the daily home stay time, calm psychological mood and smoking addition (P<0.05), and the willingness to quit smoking related to recreation and smoking addition(P<0.05). Conclusions: During the epidemic period, people who tried to quit smoking reduced their smoking, nicotine dependence, and their willingness to quit smoking increased. During normalization of epidemic prevention and control, social activities decrease and home stay time increased, which created favorable conditions for quitting smoking and tobacco control. However, negative emotions during home stay, relief of sorrow and boredom and smoking addition may restore smoking behavior and relapse thought. It is recommended that family members provide more support and encouragement to smoke quitters, and supervise and help them reduce smoking. During normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the quit smoking service center should alleviate negative emotion of quitters and break connection between existing smoking habit and negative emotion and environmental temptation.

PROMOSI KESEHATAN DALAM PENCEGAHAN HIPERTENSI DAN PERILAKU MEROKOK DI DUSUN COMBONGAN YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni Sukesi
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Reading Material ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
And Control

AbstrakHipertensi dan rokok merupakan hasil analisis prioritas masalah dengan menggunakan metode USGF (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth, dan Frequency) di dusun Combongan Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan hasil prioritas masalah ini maka diambil suatu upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian dengan melakukan promosi kesehatan pencegahan hipertensi dan perilaku merokok. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan warga tentang hipertensi dan bahaya merokok. Harapannya dengan pengetahuan yang baik dapat meningkatkan perilaku yang baik juga dalam pencegahan hipertensi dan perilaku merokok. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan penyuluhan secara langsung kepada warga dengan menggunakan powerpoint dan juga membagikan leaflet sebagai bahan bacaan. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kegiatan penyuluhan berjalan dengan baik dan warga peserta penyuluhan aktif bertanya dan mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan sampai selesai.Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan interaktif antara narasumber dengan warga peserta penyuluhan.Kata kunci: Hipertensi, rokok, penyuluhan.AbstractHypertension and cigarettes are the result of priority analysis of problems using the USGF (Urgency, Seriousness, Growth, and Frequency) method in the Combongan Yogyakarta. Based on the priority results of this problem, an effort to prevent and control is taken by conducting health promotion to prevent hypertension and smoking behavior. This activity aims to increase people's knowledge about hypertension and the dangers of smoking. With good knowledge can improve good behavior also in the prevention of hypertension and smoking behavior. The method used is counseling directly to residents by using powerpoint and also distributing leaflets as reading material. The results obtained were counseling activities went well and the counseling participants actively asked and participated in the extension activities until they were finished. Counseling was carried out interactively between informants and community members.Keywords: Hypertension, cigarettes, counseling.

Strengthening of occupational health promotion by the German Prevention Health Care Act

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Diana Hart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Occupational Health Promotion ◽  
And Control

All countries are faced with the problem of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD): implement prevention strategies eff ectively, keep up the momentum with long term benefi ts at the individual and the population level, at the same time tackling hea lth inequalities. Th e aff ordability of therapy and care including innovative therapies is going to be one of the key public health priorities in the years to come. Germany has taken in the prevention and control of NCDs. Germany’s health system has a long history of guaranteeing access to high-quality treatment through universal health care coverage. Th r ough their membership people are entitled to prevention and care services maintaining and restoring their health as well as long term follow-up. Like in many other countries general life expectancy has been increasing steadily in Germany. Currently, the average life expectancy is 83 and 79 years in women and men, respectively. Th e other side of the coin is that population aging is strongly associated with a growing burden of disease from NCDs. Already over 70 percent of all deaths in Germany are caused by four disease entities: cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes. Th ese diseases all share four common risk factors: smoking, alcohol abuse, lack of physical activity and overweight. At the same time, more and more people become long term survivors of disease due to improved therapy and care. Th e German Government and public health decision makers are aware of the need for action and have responded by initiating and implementing a wide spectrum of activities. One instrument by strengthening primary prevention is the Prevention Health Care Act. Its overarching aim is to prevent NCDs before they can manifest themselves by strengthening primary prevention and health promotion in diff erent sett ings. One of the main emphasis of the Prevention Health Care Act is the occupational health promotion at the workplace.

Research on Urban Public Security Risk Management under the Background of Tobacco Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 911-920
Author(s):  
Suqin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
The Future ◽  
Security Risk Management ◽  
And Control

Objectives: Through the reflection on the city’s response to the crisis in the process of tobacco control, a comprehensive and systematic public safety prevention and control system will be built to help cities cope with future risks and challenges. Methods: By using the methodological principle of the unity of subject and object and systematic research, this paper analyzes the problems from the three aspects of subject, object and means, and puts forward three important links of prevention, response and guarantee to construct a large urban public security system, and these three links support each other form a closed loop of risk prevention and control urban public security. Results: Under the background of tobacco control, it is feasible to a reliable whole-cycle management system for urban emergency response and accident rescue, a sound basic public safety guarantee system and a whole-society participation system. Conclusions: Due to the change of global climate conditions and the increase of flow people in the social environment, human beings will face a more complex living environment in the future and may encounter more extreme problems. It can be said that at present and even in the future, global urban public security risk management work is facing a grim situation. WHO research shows that smoking will increase the risk of new crown virus infection among smokers and their surrounding population.China is a big smoking country and in the stage of rapid urbanization. Many citiesare densely populated. Once there is an epidemic infection, the cities will face a severe public security situation. Smoking will not only have an adverse impact on personal health, but also the fires in factories, homes and forests caused by smoking.Since the Chinese government’s tobacco control in 2014, various accidents caused by smoking have caused great adverse effects.Smoking in public places has great hidden dangers of public safety, which leads us to think about the risk management of urban public safety.In the context of tobacco control, we should use scientific thinking and methods to construct a new pattern of urban public security risk management. Another important concept is to implement the risk management concept and the value of prevention first in the management of public affairs, so as to create a situation of risk sharing and coordinated response of the whole society.

Off-office audit of natural resource assets and water pollution: a quasi-natural experiment in China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Ma ◽  
Muhammad Shahbaz ◽  
Malin Song
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Dynamic Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Audit System ◽  
And Control

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the off-office audit of natural resource assets on the prevention and control of water pollution against a background of big data using a differences-in-differences model.Design/methodology/approachThis study constructs a differences-in-differences model to evaluate the policy effects of off-office audit based on panel data from 11 cities in Anhui Province, China, from 2011 to 2017, and analyzes the dynamic effect of the audit and intermediary effect of industrial structure.FindingsThe implementation of the audit system can effectively reduce water pollution. Dynamic effect analysis showed that the audit policy can not only improve the quality of water resources but can also have a cumulative effect over time. That is, the prevention and control effect on water pollution is getting stronger and stronger. The results of the robustness test verified the effectiveness of water pollution prevention and control. However, the results of the influence mechanism analysis showed that the mediating effect of the industrial structure was not obvious in the short term.Practical implicationsThese findings shed light on the effect of the off-office audit of natural resource assets on the prevention and control of water pollution, and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of relevant environmental policies. Furthermore, these findings show that the implementation of the audit system can effectively reduce water pollution, which has practical significance for the sustainable development of China's economy against the background of big data.Originality/valueThis study quantitatively analyzes the policy effect of off-office auditing from the perspective of water resources based on a big data background, which differs from the existing research that mainly focuses on basic theoretical analysis.

Drawing possible lessons for obesity prevention and control from the tobacco-control experience1

2010 ◽  
pp. 271-298
Author(s):  
Shawna L. Mercer ◽  
Laura K. Khan ◽  
Lawrence W. Green ◽  
Abby C. Rosenthal ◽  
Rose Nathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Reversible Gene Expression Control inYersinia pestisby Using an Optimized CRISPR Interference System

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Qingwen Zhang ◽  
Shiyang Cao ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Gene Knockdown ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTMany genes in the bacterial pathogenYersinia pestis, the causative agent of three plague pandemics, remain uncharacterized, greatly hampering the development of measures for plague prevention and control. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) has been shown to be an effective tool for gene knockdown in model bacteria. In this system, a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) and a small guide RNA (sgRNA) form a complex, binding to the specific DNA target through base pairing, thereby impeding RNA polymerase binding and causing target gene repression. Here, we introduce an optimized CRISPRi system usingStreptococcus pyogenesCas9-derived dCas9 for gene knockdown inY. pestis. Multiple genes harbored on either the chromosome or plasmids ofY. pestiswere efficiently knocked down (up to 380-fold) in a strictly anhydrotetracycline-inducible manner using this CRISPRi approach. Knockdown ofhmsH(responsible for biofilm formation) orcspB(encoding a cold shock protein) resulted in greatly decreased biofilm formation or impaired cold tolerance inin vitrophenotypic assays. Furthermore, silencing of the virulence-associated genesyscBorailusing this CRISPRi system resulted in attenuation of virulence in HeLa cells and mice similar to that previously reported foryscBandailnull mutants. Taken together, our results confirm that this optimized CRISPRi system can reversibly and efficiently repress the expression of target genes inY. pestis, providing an alternative to conventional gene knockdown techniques, as well as a strategy for high-throughput phenotypic screening ofY. pestisgenes with unknown functions.IMPORTANCEYersiniapestisis a lethal pathogen responsible for millions of human deaths in history. It has also attracted much attention for potential uses as a bioweapon or bioterrorism agent, against which new vaccines are desperately needed. However, manyY. pestisgenes remain uncharacterized, greatly hampering the development of measures for plague prevention and control. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat interference (CRISPRi) has been successfully used in a variety of bacteria in functional genomic studies, but no such genetic tool has been reported inY. pestis. Here, we systematically optimized the CRISPRi approach for use inY. pestis, which ultimately repressed target gene expression with high efficiency in a reversible manner. Knockdown of functional genes using this method produced phenotypes that were readily detected byin vitroassays, cell infection assays, and mouse infection experiments. This is a report of a CRISPRi approach inY. pestisand highlights the potential use of this approach in high-throughput functional genomics studies of this pathogen.

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