Modeling two-dimensional technology diffusion process under dynamic adoption rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.K. Kapur ◽  
Saurabh Panwar ◽  
Ompal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Price Change ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adoption Rate ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to develop a parsimonious and innovative model that captures the dynamics of new product diffusion in the recent high-technology markets and thus assist both academicians and practitioners who are eager to understand the diffusion phenomena. Accordingly, this study develops a novel diffusion model to forecast the demand by centering on the dynamic state of the product’s adoption rate. The proposed study also integrates the consumer’s psychological point of view on price change and goodwill of the innovation in the diffusion process. Design/methodology/approach In this study, a two-dimensional distribution function has been derived using Cobb–Douglas’s production function to combine the effect of price change and continuation time (goodwill) of the technology in the market. Focused on the realistic scenario of sales growth, the model also assimilates the time-to-time variation in the adoption rate (hazard rate) of the innovation owing to companies changing marketing and pricing strategies. The time-instance upon which the adoption rate alters is termed as change-point. Findings For validation purpose, the developed model is fitted on the actual sales and price data set of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) semiconductors, liquid crystal display (LCD) monitors and room air-conditioners using non-linear least squares estimation procedure. The results indicate that the proposed model has better forecasting efficiency than the conventional diffusion models. Research limitations/implications The developed model is intrinsically restricted to a single generation diffusion process. However, technological innovations appear in generations. Therefore, this study also yields additional plausible directions for future analysis by extending the diffusion process in a multi-generational environment. Practical implications This study aims to assist marketing managers in determining the long-term performance of the technology innovation and examine the influence of fluctuating price on product demand. Besides, it also incorporates the dynamic tendency of adoption rate in modeling the diffusion process of technological innovations. This will support the managers in understanding the practical implications of different marketing and promotional strategies on the adoption rate. Originality/value This is the first attempt to study the value-based diffusion model that includes key interactions between goodwill of the innovation, price dynamics and change-point for anticipating the sales behavior of technological products.

Modeling Technological Substitution by Incorporating Dynamic Adoption Rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saurabh Panwar ◽  
P. K. Kapur ◽  
Ompal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Change Point ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Adoption Rate ◽  
Diffusion Dynamics ◽  
Diffusion Pattern ◽  
New Generation

Modeling diffusion dynamics of multi-generation innovation requires a critical examination of external factors that may affect its diffusion process. It has been observed that due to companies continuously varying marketing strategies, the adoption rate of an innovation alters with time. However, there are other factors such as the launch of a new competitive product or improved product generation, which may affect the growth of an innovation. The time-instance at which these changes are observed is called change-point. Motivated by this phenomenon, the present research identifies the launch of a new generation as a change-point where adoption function of the previous generation experiences a structural change. The objective of the current research is to improve the forecasting accuracy of a diffusion model for technological innovations by integrating essential factors that affect the diffusion process. From the findings of empirical analysis, it can be inferred that the proposed two-generational diffusion model illustrates the diffusion pattern of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) semiconductors remarkably well. In fact, the computed results show that the suggested model has better forecasting ability than previously established multi-generation models.

SMEs and adoption of innovative technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Exploiting new technological innovations can help increase the competitiveness of small businesses. But considerable risks are often involved in adopting such technologies. Knowledge risks are especially significant and it is imperative that firms become cognizant of such risks so that appropriate countermeasures can be devised and implemented as part of an effective risk management strategy. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format. 

An extended Kalman particle filter for power system dynamic state estimation

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1993-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Zhongjie Wang ◽  
Chengchao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Synchronous Machine ◽  
Dynamic State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dynamic State Estimation ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Dynamic States

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose an extended Kalman particle filter (EPF) approach for dynamic state estimation of synchronous machine using the phasor measurement unit’s measurements. Design/methodology/approach EPF combines the extended Kalman filter (EKF) with the particle filter (PF) to accurately estimate the dynamic states of synchronous machine. EKF is used to make particles of PF transfer to the likelihood distribution from the previous distribution. Therefore, the sample impoverishment in the implementation of PF is able to be avoided. Findings The proposed method is capable of estimating the dynamic states of synchronous machine with high accuracy. The real-time capability of this method is also acceptable. Practical implications The effectiveness of the proposed approach is tested on IEEE 30-bus system. Originality/value Introducing EKF into PF, EPF is proposed to estimate the dynamic states of synchronous machine. The accuracy of a dynamic state estimation is increased.

A typology and meta-analysis of outsourcing relationship frameworks

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lyons ◽  
Louis Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Outsourcing Success ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Family Groups

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to consider 52 conceptual frameworks identified during a systematic literature review with the aim of providing insights into various aspects of outsourcing relationships. Many authors propose these frameworks to contribute to our understanding of how outsourcing relationships are conceived, operate and evolve. A meta-analysis of these frameworks was completed. Design/methodology/approach – The approach consisted of five stages: a systematic, but focused literature review to identify relevant frameworks; a study of the selected frameworks to enable the design of a typology of framework styles, so that frameworks adopting similar styles can be compared and analysed; grouping of the frameworks into families addressing different aspects of relationships as they form, operate and evolve; using the types (from the typology) within these family groups to facilitate a meta-analysis of each group by identifying common or contrasting themes; and deriving overall observations and identifying the most robust frameworks in each group. Findings – Nine framework types are identified and named as nominal categorisation, matrix, pyramid, dependency, interaction, flowchart, two-dimensional progression, life cycle and stepped. Five logical family groups were identified addressing how relationships form, operate and evolve. These groups cover the scope of outsourcing relationship, the relationship governance, the climate of the relationship, relationship tactics and relationship evolution. Common themes were identified, and overall observations were drawn. Recommendations are also provided on the frameworks which were assessed as being most robust and likely to be of most use to practitioners and researchers. Research limitations/implications – The study considered a representative sample of frameworks identified during a systematic review of literature relating to outsourcing relationships. However, it cannot be considered fully comprehensive, and frameworks from other sources also exist. Practical implications – Outsourcing success depends on the establishment and management of a constructive relationship between the client and supplier. Frameworks assist understanding of this important aspect of outsourcing. Originality/value – This paper provides a reference point for scholars and practitioners who are interested in outsourcing relationships and may value the sources identified and the summaries, comparisons and recommendations provided.

Gaining customer centric understanding of retail displays for future innovations

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Mørk Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Network Theory ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Display Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retail Display ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe aim of this research is to provide insights for future display design through understanding the processes of sensemaking of retail displays in digitised retail.Design/methodology/approachThe research applies media elicited interviews and engages thematic analysis to understand agency and advance mental models of retail display. Actor Network Theory (ANT) is engaged to flatten the ontology to traverse digital and physical realms as well as more semiotic sources.FindingsThe article presents a system comprising sensemaking processes of displays in digitised retail and traces the blending traits of physical and digital displays labelling an emerging display terminology applicable across realms.Research limitations/implicationsThe participating retail concepts' limited resources for technological innovations plus the customers all being local and recruited through the physical store represent this study's limitations.Practical implicationsThe developed system reveals a process for abandoning the familiar but obsolete understanding of retail displays to replace it with new insights to support the judgement and decision process for designing innovative future displays with a customer centric logic.Originality/valueThe article is novel in flattening the ontology of retail displays to fit an organisational interface perception of the link between customer and retailer.

Third-party ratings and the US wine market

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Barry J. Babin ◽  
Christian Bushardt
Keyword(s):  
Price Change ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Performance ◽  
The Us ◽  
Retail Prices ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Expert Ratings ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to provide insight into the three most prevalent expert wine rater sources and how they separately affect retail prices post-release across a sample of French and US wines from the 2012 vintage. Design/methodology/approach Empirical research using regression models built on data scraped from Web sources provides the source for the substance of the paper. Findings The findings suggest that all rating sources affect release price (approximately $3-4 per point), but more indicative of market performance, only Wine Advocate ratings significantly influence price change in the market post-release. Other results suggest some, but far from complete, consistency among raters. Red wines and French wines typically fetch better scores from the raters, and they are less subject to price drops in the marketplace. Research limitations/implications The nature of the data does not allow for consumers’ individual difference characteristics, such as wine knowledge, among others, to be included as potential factors explaining why and when expert ratings influence consumers. Practical implications Third-party wine ratings do indeed matter both in terms of release price and post-release price performance. In particular, following release, Wine Advocate ratings provide the most influential quality signal in the marketplace. Social implications Scrutiny on the manner in which ratings information is used by retailers is appropriate, given the influence such ratings have on consumers as demonstrated by their effects on market behaviors. Originality/value The research examines the top three US expert ratings and considers their consistency and impact, not just on release price but also on price following release, as a direct indicator of product performance in the marketplace.

Moisture absorption in thick composite plates: modelling and experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447
Author(s):  
Giacomo Canale ◽  
Moustafa Kinawy ◽  
Prabhakar Sathujoda ◽  
Angelo Maligno ◽  
Roberto Guglielmo Citarella
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose When a thick structure is, on the contrary, subjected to moisture absorption, a fairly long time may be needed to reach full saturation. It is, therefore, important to understand and predict the areas of complex composite structures that are more prone to saturation. The material knock-down factors (proportional to the moisture content) may be applied only to these zones, in order to obtain a less pessimistic structural response prediction. The purpose of this paper is to investigate an FE diffusion model that was used to validate the absorption testing results of thick carbon epoxy laminates. Design/methodology/approach The experimental results were validated by using a diffusion model in Abaqus FE code. Findings The absorption results of three 15 mm thick carbon epoxy laminates are presented and reproduced via a mass diffusion model. The laminates were conditioned at 70°C and 85 per cent relative humidity in a moisture chamber. Areas more prone to saturation have been predicted by the FE model and the moisture content in the non-saturated areas has been calculated. Practical implications The practical implications of the absorption model are discussed on an example of an aero-engine fan blade-like structure. Originality/value Validation of thick panels’ absorption data is an important point of novelty of this paper, given the lack of experimental and modelling validation in the open literature.

Knowledge risk prevention strategies for handling new technological innovations in small businesses

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdal Temel ◽  
Susanne Durst
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Perspective ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this conceptual paper is to name and categorize risks related to emerging technological innovations and to propose a number of countermeasures. The emphasis is placed on knowledge risks that are grouped under human, organizational and technological spheres and are presented from a small business perspective. Design/methodology/approach The presented paper takes into account the prior literature and the authors’ thoughts and experiences to identify potential knowledge risks and countermeasures. Findings Having a better overview of possible knowledge risks that may emerge in conjunction with the adoption and application of emerging technological innovations can help small businesses to better assess these new developments and their possible upsides and downsides. The proposed risks and countermeasures can also help policymakers as well as other organizations working for or together with smaller businesses to help them maintain and even increase their competitiveness. Practical implications Different implications are suggested for not only managers and employees in small businesses but also other stakeholders working for or with small businesses. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first one that focuses on how small businesses can improve their decision-making regarding the adoption of new emerging technological innovation from a knowledge risk perspective.

scholarly journals Robustness and cross-cultural equivalence of the Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost Bücker ◽  
Olivier Furrer ◽  
Tanja Peeters Weem
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cultural Intelligence ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equivalence Tests ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the cross-cultural equivalence of the four-dimensional 20-item Cultural Intelligence Scale (CQS) and the two-dimensional 12-item cultural intelligence (CQ) short scale. Furthermore, the study elaborates on the results by discussing the differences between culturally equivalent and culturally non-equivalent items. Design/methodology/approach Data gathered from 607 students with a Chinese or Dutch background and mature international experience serve to test the cross-cultural equivalence of the CQS. Findings This study addresses the lack of clarity concerning the cross-cultural equivalence of the CQS in the extended domain of empirical research involving CQ. Furthermore, the consequences of the cultural equivalence tests are discussed. Practical implications Comparing CQ scores across cultures is only meaningful with the use of the adjusted, two-dimensional scale. Practitioners must be aware of the emic-etic character of the measurement instrument they use. Originality/value This study addresses the lack of clarity concerning the cross-cultural equivalence of the CQS in the extended domain of empirical research involving CQ. Furthermore, the consequences of the cultural equivalence tests are discussed.

SMEs on the international stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transitional Economies ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Compared to large organizations, most small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) lack the resources to compete in overseas markets. The challenges are compounded for those originating in the transitional economies of Central and Eastern Europe, where the business environment remains unpredictable. Such SMEs are reluctant to invest in the breakthrough technologies needed to succeed internationally. Commitment becomes likelier when the background of the firm’s CEO is in output functions like marketing and research and development (R&D). Having experience of the foreign market and personal networks there likewise helps enormously. The knowledge and trust enabled by the CEO’s human and social capital can make the company more confident about investing in technological innovations. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

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