scholarly journals Medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry improve following psychiatry clinical placements: the ATPP study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Felice Osimo ◽  
Lydia Mariner ◽  
Paul Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychiatry Training ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Model Estimate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Placements ◽  
Students Attitudes

Purpose In previous research, personality and exposure to psychiatry were independently shown to shape medical students attitudes towards psychiatry (ATP). This paper aims to investigate the role of psychiatry placements and personality types on medical student attitudes towards psychiatry (ATP). Design/methodology/approach All medical students from four consecutive years at Cambridge University, UK were invited to take part in an online questionnaire including the ATP-30 Questionnaire and The Big Five Factor personality Inventory (BFI). Findings Students who had completed their psychiatry placement had more positive ATP than students who had not (t = −3.24, adjusted p = 0.004). However, this was not reflected in an increased self-reported likelihood of choosing psychiatry as a career (t = 0.28, adjusted p = 0.78). Higher agreeable personality scores were associated with both a higher willingness to take up psychiatry as a career (linear model estimate 0.06; p = 0.03), and more positive ATP (linear model estimate 0.14; p < 0.0001). Originality/value This work seems to confirm that exposure to psychiatry improves attitudes towards psychiatry. Agreeable personality traits were also associated with a higher willingness to take up psychiatry postgraduate training. These findings might help shape future campaigns to improve the profile of psychiatry training. Future research on this topic is needed to address whether improved ATP among medical students can longitudinally improve recruitment into post-graduate psychiatry training.

scholarly journals Required Longitudinal Service-Learning and Its Effects on Medical Students’ Attitudes Toward the Underserved

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Rose Arebalos ◽  
Faun Lee Botor ◽  
Edward Simanton ◽  
Jennifer Young
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Preclinical Phase ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Medical Student Attitudes ◽  
The University

AbstractAlthough medical students enter medicine with altruistic motives and seek to serve indigent populations, studies show that medical students’ attitudes towards the undeserved tend to worsen significantly as they go through their medical education. This finding emphasizes the need for medical educators to implement activities such as service-learning that may help mitigate this negative trend.All students at the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) School of Medicine are required to participate in longitudinal service-learning throughout medical school, and a majority of students interact with the underserved at their service-learning sites. Using the previously validated Medical Student Attitudes Towards the Underserved (MSATU), independent sample T-tests showed that students who interact with underserved populations at their sites scored with significantly better attitudes towards the underserved at the end of their preclinical phase. Subjects included 58 medical students with 100% taking the MSATU. This result indicates that longitudinal service-learning, particularly when it includes interaction with the underserved, can be one method to combat the worsening of medical students’ attitudes as they complete their medical education.

Psychological impact of home confinement due to coronavirus disease on medical students and its relationship with cognitive emotion regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bochra Nourhene Saguem ◽  
Amel Braham ◽  
Islem Romdhane ◽  
Selma Ben Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Purpose This paper aims to assess the psychological impact of home confinement in Tunisian medical students and analyze the relationship between psychopathology and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Design/methodology/approach In total, 251 medical students who have been in home confinement accepted to participate in an online questionnaire survey. They completed depression, anxiety and stress scale, beck hopelessness scale and cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Findings Moderate to extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress were reported by 57.4%, 51.0% and 31.4% of medical students, respectively. Based on the cut-off value of nine, 31.1% of the participants showed high levels of hopelessness. Hierarchical regression analysis identified four cognitive emotion regulation strategies as significant independent contributors to psychopathology above and beyond home confinement related variables. Self-blame positively predicted stress. Catastrophizing positively predicted anxiety and hopelessness. Refocusing on planning negatively predicted anxiety. Positive reappraisal negatively predicted hopelessness. Practical implications Cognitive emotion regulation strategies may constitute a valuable target of preventive and interventional measures to improve medical students’ mental health. Originality/value A unique feature of this study is the demonstration of the important role played by cognitive emotion regulation strategies in predicting anxiety, stress and hopelessness in medical students. In the context of mandatory home confinement, these cognitive strategies were significant predictors of psychopathology above and beyond home confinement related variables.

The needs of Muslim hotel customers: evidence from Russian guests

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Shnyrkova ◽  
Marina Predvoditeleva
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Hospitality Management ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Hotel Managers

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify Halal hotel attributes demanded by the Russian Muslim travelers. Following this, the study aims to investigate whether gender and types of travelers influence the demand for Halal hotel attributes. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted to localize the list of Halal hotel attributes for the Russian business context. A self-administrated online questionnaire was designed, distributed and collected from 191 Russian Muslim customers, who have stayed at Halal hotels in the past 12 months. Data analysis includes a t-test and analysis of variance. Findings The study revealed a list of Halal attributes demanded by Russian Muslim customers. Also, the findings indicate that the list of the attributes demonstrated the differences in the requested attributes between gender and types of travelers. Research limitations/implications The study came across three main limitations. The first was that the respondents surveyed were leisure tourists. Second, the majority of the respondents have university degrees. Third, the research sample is limited to approximately 200 respondents. This research primarily contributes to tourism and hospitality management, and consumer behavior literature, as this is the first study yielding insights on a new demographic: Russian Muslim tourists. Practical implications The study provides a clear understanding of the Halal hotel attributes demanded by Russian Muslims that can help hotel managers to accommodate the needs of this group while, at the same time, meeting the requirements of guests of different religions. Social implications The study contributes to improving social relationships within the Russian Federation as it improves society’s understanding of the life principles of Muslims. Originality/value This is the first study investigating the demand for Halal attributes by Russian Muslim tourists. By partly covering the empty research field on this topic, the study provides meaningful direction to future research of the Russian hotels’ Halal services from both supply and demand perspectives.

Beyond the Premedical Syndrome: Premedical Student Attitudes toward Liberal Education and Implications for Advising

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Andrew Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Liberal Education ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Goal ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Premedical Students ◽  
Liberal Arts Institution

Premedical students have often been viewed as academically narrow and cynical about liberal education. To investigate the veracity of this generalization, I conducted a qualitative study of pre-medical students at a liberal arts institution. Contrary to negative stereotypes, the students in the study expressed a positive attitude toward liberal education and articulated a belief that their own liberal education will benefit them as physicians. However, they acknowledged that obtaining high grades is also an important educational goal. Implications for advisors and medical admissions committees are discussed along with implications for future research.

scholarly journals What should medical students be taught about abortion? An evaluation of student attitudes towards their abortion teaching and their future involvement in abortion care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pollyanna Cohen ◽  
Jonathan Mayhew ◽  
Faye Gishen ◽  
Henry W. W. Potts ◽  
Patricia A. Lohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Essential Aspect ◽  
University College London ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pro Life ◽  
Pro Choice

Abstract Background One in three women in the United Kingdom (UK) will have an abortion before age 45, making abortion provision an essential aspect of reproductive healthcare. Despite this, abortion remains ethically contested and stigmatised, with variable teaching in UK medical schools and concerns about falling numbers of doctors willing to participate in abortion care. University College London Medical School (UCLMS) has designed practical, inclusive, teaching that aims to give students an understanding of the importance of abortion care and prepare them to be competent practitioners in this area. This study aimed to determine students’ opinions of this teaching and their wider attitudes towards abortion. Methods We invited all 357 final-year UCL medical students to complete an online survey consisting of closed-ended questions, exploring their opinions on their abortion teaching, their personal beliefs about abortion and their future willingness to be involved in abortion care. We analysed responses using non-parametric tests. Results 146 questionnaires (41% response rate) showed 83% of students identified as pro-choice (agree with the right to choose an abortion). 57% felt they received the right amount of abortion teaching, 39% would have liked more and 4% stated they received too much. There was no correlation between students’ attitudes to abortion and the rating of teaching; both pro-choice and pro-life (opposed to the right to choose an abortion) students generally rated the teaching as important and valued the range of methods used. Students requested more simulated practice speaking to patients requesting an abortion. Students with pro-life beliefs expressed lower willingness to discuss, refer, certify and provide future abortions. Students interested in careers in specialties where they may encounter abortion were more likely to be pro-choice than pro-life. Conclusions The majority of participating UCL medical students were pro-choice and willing to be involved in future abortion care. Efforts to make teaching on abortion practical, engaging, sensitive and inclusive were appreciated. As well as preparing students to be competent and caring practitioners, the teaching appears to contribute towards them viewing abortion as an essential aspect of women’s healthcare, and may contribute to destigmatising abortion.

Stress and myths related to the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects on remote work

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-420
Author(s):  
Sergio Madero Gómez ◽  
Oscar Eliud Ortiz Mendoza ◽  
Jacobo Ramírez ◽  
Miguel R. Olivas-Luján
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Business Perspective

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to know the implications that COVID-19 has presented in the workplace to develop research strategies related to issues of human and organizational behavior on the business perspective. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative, exploratory based on primary and secondary sources, an online questionnaire was designed and applied with 33 items that was applied in the Mexican work environment, during the period from March 7 to 16, that is, in the same week as WHO made the pandemic declaration for COVID-19, obtaining a total of 332 responses. Findings With the descriptive analyzes carried out, it was possible to know the perception that people have of various aspects related to COVID-19, and subsequently the corresponding reliability tests were carried out, obtaining Cronbach’s alpha indexes greater than 0.8. At the beginning of the declaration of pandemic by COVID-19, a relationship was shown between stress and the aspects related to the arrival of COVID-19, showing evidence of its impact on the workforce. Research limitations/implications This work has contributed ideas for academics, managers and areas of human resources that can promote the growth and development of people with the aim of achieving comprehensive well-being in the workplace, generating better working conditions owing to the proposal to make remote work a successful strategy in the function of human resources in the workplace and in the improvement of society in general. Originality/value This research, in addition to being carried out with information obtained in the first weeks of March 2020, presents a model with ideas and themes to design future research projects and to analyze the post-COVID-19 effects in the workplace, with a business perspective, human behavior and organization.

Multiculturalism, positive psychological capital and students' entrepreneurial intentions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Maslakcı ◽  
Harun Sesen ◽  
Lütfi Sürücü
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
University Students ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeGlobalisation has made higher education increasingly multicultural. Although multicultural university students' attitudes and interactions with different cultures affect their academic success as well as entrepreneurial intentions, only a few studies have analysed this topic. Therefore, this study examined the assumption that positive psychological capital (PsyCap) mediates the relationship between attitudes towards multiculturalism and entrepreneurial intentions.Design/methodology/approachA model was proposed and empirically tested 564 university students in Northern Cyprus. Data were analysed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 18 using the PROCESS Macro and Bootstrap methods.FindingsThe results indicated that improving university students' attitudes towards multiculturalism will have a beneficial effect on their entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, PsyCap is a mediator variable on the relationship between multicultural attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the literature by theoretically and empirically examining how attitudes towards multiculturalism and PsyCap impact university students' entrepreneurial intentions. Its limitations can be overcome through future research.Practical implicationsThe study's findings are valid in two areas: (1) assisting policymakers, researchers and academics to better understand the critical influence of university students' attitudes towards multiculturalism on their entrepreneurial intentions, particularly since this topic had not been extensively studied; (2) advancing theoretical discussions by examining the positive effects of internal factors such as PsyCap in terms of multicultural attitudes and entrepreneurial intentions.Social implicationsThe study provides empirical evidence that academics and university administrators should pay attention to multicultural attitudes to increase university students' entrepreneurial intentions. Hence, it focused on the relationship between multicultural society, entrepreneurial intentions, and PsyCap.Originality/valueAttitudes towards multiculturalism influence students' entrepreneurial intentions through PsyCap. The context of cultural values and multiculturalism determines the premises of entrepreneurial intentions. This study is unique and innovative as it brings a new focus to academic literature.

Knowledge sharing, commitment and opportunism in new product development

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1056-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C M Yam ◽  
Cliff Chan
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
New Product ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Managerial Implication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Partners

Purpose – In today’s market, firms are riding on the wave of globalisation to enhance competitiveness through corporate collaboration in new product development (NPD). In joint NPD, huge amounts of information and knowledge are interchanged among business partners. However, industrial experience and past research have indicated that knowledge sharing among firms invite opportunism, that is, knowledge being leaked or misused by others. To determine the means to rectify the problems of opportunism in joint NPD, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of commitment and knowledge sharing on opportunism. Design/methodology/approach – An online questionnaire survey was conducted to verify the research model with 312 valid responses from manufacturing firms. The survey data were analysed by structural equation modelling, and the findings were verified by follow-up interviews. Findings – Contradictory to most studies, this study finds that knowledge sharing among committed business partners suppresses, rather than invites, opportunism. Research limitations/implications – This finding is new in the literature with strong managerial implication. Firms that hesitate to share their knowledge with others because of the fear of opportunism should commit more seriously to their business partners so that they could share knowledge for better NPD. Originality/value – This study has reversed the sceptical belief of knowledge sharing leading to opportunism. This new belief will encourage corporate collaboration in joint NPD. However, for a comprehensive view on opportunism in inter-firm NPD, other governance mechanisms, that is, contract and trust, should also be studied in future research.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an educational intervention on students' attitudes regarding spirituality in healthcare: a cohort study in the USA

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e026358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Paul Wargo Smothers ◽  
Jennifer Young Tu ◽  
Colleen Grochowski ◽  
Harold G Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Students Attitudes

ObjectiveTo determine if an educational intervention focused on the role of spirituality in healthcare positively affects medical students' attitudes and perceptions relating to this topic.DesignA pre-post cohort study.SettingAn undergraduate medical institution affiliated with an academic medical center in the USA.ParticipantsA total of 110 medical students currently on their clinical rotations received the educational intervention, of whom 71 (65%) completed both the presurvey and postsurvey. Demographic variables did not significantly differ from the national average of medical students, or from a comparison group. All students who attended the intervention were given the opportunity to participate in the survey.InterventionsThe educational intervention consisted of a 60-minute lecture focusing on religion/spirituality (R/S) in healthcare, followed by a 90-minute case discussion in a small group setting.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAssessment consisted of 18-item preintervention and postintervention survey quantifying student’s attitudes towards, comfort with, and perceptions of R/S in healthcare.ResultsAttitudes towards, comfort with, and perceptions of R/S in healthcare were generally positive preintervention. Following the intervention, students expressed an increased willingness to include R/S competency in their future practice (p=0.001), were more comfortable sharing their own R/S beliefs with a patient when appropriate (p=0.02), and were more willing to approach a patient with R/S concern (p=0.04). The other surveyed attitudes demonstrated positive, but non-significant improvement.ConclusionAn educational intervention focusing on approaching patients with R/S concerns has the ability to improve the attitudes and comfort of medical students. By incorporating a total of 150 minutes of education about R/S, medical schools can help develop this particular area of cultural competence, preparing a generation of physicians to professionally approach R/S concerns of patients. Future research should move beyond quantifying attitudes and strive to understand changes in knowledge and student behaviour.

Influence of consumer regiocentrism on perceived value of wine

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Pestar Bizjak ◽  
Hristo Hristov ◽  
Tatjana Košmerl ◽  
Ales Kuhar
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify which dimensions of perceived value of wine dominate in the perception of wine consumers from two distinctive wine producing regions and to examine how their respective regional identity, consumer regiocentrism (CR) and perceived value of wine are inter-related in determining consumers’ preference of wine. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 221 wine consumers from two Slovenian wine regions with contrasting wine-related and social specificities responded to an online questionnaire. Besides the wine-related consumer behaviour variables, the questionnaire contained CR, regional identity and consumer perceived value measurements, based on adapted CETSCALE, regional identity and PERVAL scales. The scales were validated, and structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the relationships between the constructs. Findings Perceived value of wine was found to consist of three dimensions: emotional-social, quality-price and terroir, which differ from those previously observed among wine consumers from the USA. Regional identity was found to be a direct antecedent of CR, and CR directly affects all three dimensions of perceived value of wine; these findings were evident in the original model and in both studied wine regions. Research limitations/implications Future research should extend the model to include other possible antecedents of CR and study its effects on different consequences, especially purchasing intent. Future studies would benefit by adding more indicators into scales to measure CR and regional identity to improve the model fit. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of perceived value of wine and extends the current knowledge of how social and psychological phenomena interact when evaluating wine. The results herein should enable marketers to develop more sophisticated positioning strategies and support their decision making for an appropriate market approach.

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