Determinants of carbon management strategy adoption

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaiya Yunus ◽  
Evangeline Elijido-Ten ◽  
Subhash Abhayawansa
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Organisational Factors

Purpose – The purpose of this longitudinal study is to examine the determinants of carbon management strategy (CMS) adoption among Australia’s top 200 listed firms. Design/methodology/approach – A legitimacy theory framework is adopted to investigate whether any significant relationship exists between a firm’s decision to adopt CMS and internal organisational factors, such as the presence of an environmental management system (EMS), as well as corporate governance factors like having an environmental committee, board size and board independence. Content analysis of Carbon Disclosure Project data and other publicly available information sourced from firm websites, annual reports and stand-alone sustainability reports is conducted, covering the period from 2008 to 2012. Findings – Logistic regression analyses confirm that firms adopting CMS are more likely to have an EMS, an environmental committee, larger board size and greater board independence. The study also finds significant association between CMS adoption, firm size, leverage and environmental sensitivity of the firm’s industry. Originality/value – The study shows that internal organisational factors and corporate governance attributes play a vital role in maintaining organisational legitimacy through CMS adoption. The findings of this study should be of interest to report providers (i.e. reporting firms), report users (such as investors and consumers) and policymakers.

scholarly journals The effects of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relation

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-409
Author(s):  
Hanh Song Thi Pham ◽  
Duy Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the moderating effects of corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relation in emerging market firms. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the impacts by estimating the empirical model in which a firm’s accounting profitability is a dependent variable, while financial leverage, board size, board independence, CEO duality, CEO ownership, state ownership and the interaction variables are predictors. The paper uses the panel data set of 295 listed firms in Vietnam in the period 2011-2015 and two key econometric methods for panel data, namely, the two-stage least square instrumental variable and general moments method. Findings The paper finds the evidence for the significant and positive effect of board size, board independence and state ownership on the financial leverage–profitability relation. The effect of CEO duality on the financial leverage–profitability relation tends to be negative, and the impact CEO ownership inclines to be positive, although both of them are statistically insignificant. The results are consistent across different estimation methods. Originality/value This paper is the first investigating the moderating effect of various corporate governance mechanisms on the financial leverage–profitability relationship in emerging market firms.

scholarly journals Corporate Governance and the Earnings Quality of Nigerian Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Festus Oladipupo Olaoye ◽  
Ademola Adeniran Adewumi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Earnings Quality ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Board Gender Diversity ◽  
The Impact

The focus of the study is to examine the impact of corporate governance on earnings quality in listed firms in Nigeria. The specific objective is to investigate the effect of board size, board independence and board gender diversity on earnings quality. This study was carried out with secondary data retrieved from corporate annual reports of the sampled companies and the data was analysed using panel regression on a sample of 37 quoted manufacturing companies for the period 2011-2017. On the overall, the result reveals that Board size, board independence and board gender diversity used for measuring corporate governance show significant impact on earnings quality. In addition, corporate governance variables appear to be quite sensitive to the measure of earnings quality used. Based on the findings, the study recommends the need for comprehensive evaluation of corporate governance systems of companies. The study recommends the need for more level of board independence. The diversity issue though is gaining momentum in corporate governance literature can still be regarded as not as dominant as compared to others especially as it relates to protecting shareholder rights and framing dividend policy. The significance of the variable nevertheless suggests that companies should thrive to achieve an appropriate diversity mix.

The impact of VC backing on the corporate governance of Chinese IPOs

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing (Sophie) Wang ◽  
Hamish D. Anderson ◽  
Jing Chi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shareholder Protection ◽  
Political Ties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industry Experience

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how venture capital (VC) backing influences the board size and independence and how VC backing and board structure impact firm performance in China. Design/methodology/approach Using hand-collected data from 924 initial public offering (IPO) prospectuses covering the period from January 2004 to December 2012, the authors investigate the impact of VC backing on board size, board independence and firm market performance through regression analysis. A two-stage approach is also used to address the endogeneity issue. Findings The authors find robust evidence that VC-backed IPOs have more independent boards, after controlling for CEO and firm characteristics, and the potential endogeneity concerns. Furthermore, firms backed by VCs with management political ties (PTs) have more independent directors with industry relevant expertise than other firms. While no significant relationship is found between board independence and firm performance, the authors present some evidence that IPOs which have a larger percentage of independent directors with industry relevant expertise exhibit higher long-term stock returns, and VCs with management PTs also improve IPO long-run stock performance. Research limitations/implications Although VC is new in China and the Chinese capital market has relative poor corporate governance and weak minority shareholder protection, the authors find support in this paper that VC backing is valuable to IPO firms in China not only through providing funding but also by providing political ties and industry experience. However, Chinese regulatory and institutional settings have strong impact on test results and they change rapidly, so the results may not apply to other period in Chinese markets. Originality/value This paper sheds lights on the influences of VC backing on corporate governance and firm performance in a transitional and emerging economy. It discovers the value of VC investors in a transitional economy as of providing political ties and industry experience. The new definition of independent directors suggested by Suchard (2009) is first used by our paper in the Chinese context.

scholarly journals The Impact of Corporate Governance on Dividend Decisions: Evidence from Non-Financial Sector of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
IHTESHAM KHAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD SHAHID ◽  
SHAH RAZA KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Size Firm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Ownership

This study sought to ascertain the impact of corporate governance on dividend decisions of non-financial firms listed on Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Panel data was collected from 2011to 2016. Data was collected from Non financial firms annual reports and State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) data base. The STATA software was used to analyze the data. The study investigates the association of firm’s performance and corporate governance. Specifically, this study investigate dividend decision (dividend per share(DPS)), corporate governance (board independence ,board size, size of firm, leverage, profitability, Insider ownership, individual ownership, and institutional ownership). A total of 42 non-financial firms are used to determine this relationship. The results show a positive significant relation between the Profitability, individual ownership with DPS. This study also found a negative and significant relationship between insiders ownership, financial institution ownership with DPS. It has also been found that Board independence, board size, firm size and leverage have negative and insignificant relationship with dividend per share (DPS). Keywords: Corporate Governance, Dividend Decisions, Dividend Policy.

Exploring the effects of corporate governance and human governance on management commentary disclosure

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshima Said ◽  
Ariffah Ashikin Abdul Rahim ◽  
Rohail Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Commentary

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of corporate governance and human governance on management commentary disclosure among Malaysian Public Listed in the Main Market, Bursa Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe annual reports of 150 companies listed on the main market, Bursa Malaysia, for the year ended 2014, are examined to analyze the company’s management commentary disclosure using content analysis. A management commentary disclosure index was developed based on the five elements that had been established by the Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) in Practices of Management Commentary’s framework. The study considers four corporate governance mechanisms such as board composition, board size, board’s education and ownership structure. Structural equation modeling (SEM -PLS), partial least squares (PLS) and SmartPLS software were used to measure the impact of corporate governance and human capital on management commentary disclosure.FindingsThe results reveal that most of the information disclosure by Malaysian Listed companies was not presented in a complete and balanced manner and not providing an insight because they are more focused on describing the process. Besides, there was no clear link between companies’ strategies and performance measure. Consequently, the reporting is not balanced and cannot assist the shareholders in understanding the opportunities and risk associated with the business. The results, based on a structural model, indicated that only two variables, namely, board size and board independence, showed a positive and significant influence on the degree of disclosure information of management commentary. Board independence is the most significant variable that influences the degree of corporate governance and human capital on management commentary disclosure.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the information disclosure literature as it presents in empirical evidence proving that governance mechanism affects the management commentary disclosure of information by companies. This study also provides additional information which is expedient to other researchers since there is lack of studies in management commentary which relates the attributes of corporate and human governance mechanisms as key drivers in providing management commentary information. Importantly, this study will stimulate the interest of academics in research activities concerning the attributes of governance mechanisms and corporate and human governance on management commentary activities.

scholarly journals Governance and ownership in Malaysia: their impacts on corporate performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-298
Author(s):  
Nazli Anum Mohd Ghazali
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine the relative influence of regulatory enhancements relating to corporate governance and attributes of business traits on performance of Malaysian listed companies.Design/methodology/approachRegression analysis was performed on all 742 non-financial main board companies listed on Bursa Malaysia using data from 2013 annual reports.FindingsThe results show that the number of board meetings held during the year, role separation and board size have a significant impact on corporate performance. By contrast, independent directors, government ownership and director ownership do not influence corporate performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe study investigated non-financial companies for the financial year 2013. Hence, the results may not apply to financial companies and other years. Future research can perhaps include all types of listed companies and carry out a longitudinal study to gain more comprehensive results and understanding on the relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance. Additionally, future research could also consider employing a different methodology to further unveil factors influencing corporate performance.Practical implicationsThe above findings provide new evidence of the effectiveness of the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance in improving company performance. The significance of board meetings, role separation and board size shows the importance of internal governance in shaping company processes and hence performance.Originality/valueThe result suggests that although the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance follows the corporate governance code of developed countries, the applicability of the recommendations to a developing country is evidenced. Companies in Malaysia are predominantly government-owned or closely held, but it appears that role separation matters even in these types of companies in achieving better performance.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and voluntary risk and forward-looking disclosures

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed M. Elgammal ◽  
Khaled Hussainey ◽  
Fatma Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Board Characteristics ◽  
Panel Regressions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Forward Looking

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of corporate governance on risk and forward-looking disclosures in Qatar.Design/methodology/approachThe authors automatically measure levels of risk and forward-looking disclosures in the annual reports of Qatari firms for the period 2008–2014. The authors also use two ways clustered error pooled panel regressions to examine the determinants of these disclosures.FindingsThe authors find that firms with a higher percentage of foreign ownership disclose more forward-looking information; conversely, board size has a negative impact on the forward-looking disclosure. Financial firms tend to disclose less forward-looking information, however, they tend to disclose more forward-looking information after the 2008 global financial crisis. The authors also find negative relationships between the risk disclosure and both the number of non-executive members of the board of directors and duality role of the CEO.Research limitations/implicationsThe study uses the quantity of disclosure as a proxy for the quality of disclosure.Practical implicationsThe findings should help the users of corporate annual reports in Qatar to understand managerial incentives for reporting risk and forward-looking information. This should help regulators to set a proper set of disclosure rules. Moreover, this study increases our understanding of the behavior of international investors and the board characteristics (i.e. board size) in motivating risk and forward-looking disclosures in Qatari firms.Originality/valueThe authors provide the original empirical evidence on the impact of corporate ownership and board characteristics on risk and forward-looking disclosures for Qatari firms using two ways clustered error pooled panel regressions.

scholarly journals Does internal corporate governance mechanism control firm risk? Evidence from Indonesia’s three high-risk sectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1362-1376
Author(s):  
Saarce Elsye Hatane ◽  
Stellania Supangat ◽  
Josua Tarigan ◽  
Ferry Jie
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Idiosyncratic Risk ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Firm Risk ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Asset Return ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Board Ownership

Purpose This study aims to examine the control of corporate governance towards firm risks for a sample of Indonesian firms in agriculture, mining and property industries. This study highlights the impact of four indicators of internal mechanism of corporate governance, i.e. board size, board independence, board gender and board ownership, on three measurements of firm risks, i.e. total risk, asset return risk and idiosyncratic risk. Design/methodology/approach Panel data analysis is conducted using a sample of 62 companies of agriculture, mining and property industries listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017. Pooled ordinary least square with hetero-corrected is the statistical approach conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings The result indicates that board size and board gender insignificantly influence firm risks. While board independence gives varied impacts towards firm risks, it gives positive influence towards total asset return risk, insignificant towards idiosyncratic risk and negative towards total risk. Other interesting results are found in board ownership that has insignificant influence on asset return risk and negative influence on idiosyncratic and total risk. Research limitations/implications Firms should incorporate corporate governance, especially the impactful roles of board independence and board ownership as they serve as tools in reducing firm risk. Moreover, investors may have a better understanding of corporate governance and factors that are influencing firm risks. Therefore, this study can assist them to make the right investment decision. Originality/value This study is notably the first to use comprehensively three measurements of firm risks in Indonesia. Risks can come from internal and external, thus the company should understand the various types of risks facing the company. Total risk measures both the internal and external risks, while asset return risk gives another perspective using overall market perception about the equity and assets of the company. Finally, this study also measures internal risk, which is the only risk that can be controlled and minimised by the board of the company.

scholarly journals Corporate governance and Islamic banks’ products and services disclosure

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihab Grassa ◽  
Raida Chakroun ◽  
Khaled Hussainey
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of Islamic banks (IBs) product and services disclosure (PSD). Design/methodology/approach A computer-based content analysis is run upon the annual reports for a sample of 78 IBs operating in 11 countries from 2004 to 2012 to find the number of product and services statements. The levels and trends of PSD are identified. A regression analysis to identify the factors affecting PSD in IBs is also used. Findings The findings suggest that there has been a significant improvement of PSD over time. The results show a positive association between PSD and Shariah board size, board size, chief executive officer (CEO) tenure, duality in position, blockholders and investment account holders. However, they show a negative association between PSD and institutional ownership. In addition, it appears that board independence does not affect significantly banks’ PSD. It is also found that the bank performance, bank age, leverage, listing, adoption of international financial reporting standards, adoption of Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions and country transparency index have a positive effect on the PSD. Originality/value This study offers an original contribution to corporate disclosure literature by being the first to develop and investigate PSD for a large sample of IBs during a long period of time. It links P&S with bank corporate governance characteristics. The findings have many important policy implications. More specifically, this paper encourages regulators in the studied countries to improve corporate governance mechanisms in their Islamic banking systems through the optimization of ownership structure, CEO’s characteristics and the board’s characteristics, to promote PSD. Moreover, the findings support the theoretical predictions of the generalized agency theory. This study’s empirical evidence enhances the understanding of the corporate social responsibility disclosure environment in general and the PSD environment in particular for IBs. This study is the first one that measures PSD in the annual reports for a large cross-countries sample of IBs during a long period of time. It is also the first one that links PSD with IBs corporate governance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Corporate governance mechanisms and accounting conservatism: evidence from Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Nasr ◽  
Collins G. Ntim
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
External Auditor ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of corporate governance (CG) mechanisms (board size, board independence, separation of chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) roles and external auditor type) on accounting conservatism in Egypt. Design/methodology/approach Archival data relating to CG and accounting conservatism are collected and analysed using multivariate regression techniques. Findings The findings indicate that board independence is positively associated with accounting conservatism. By contrast, board size and auditor type are negatively associated with accounting conservatism, while separating the chairperson and CEO roles has no significant relationship with accounting conservatism. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is one of the first empirical attempts at providing evidence on the relationship between CG and accounting conservatism in Egypt.

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