scholarly journals Urban Reconfiguration and Revitalisation: Public Mega Projects in Doha's Historic Centre

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Florian Wiedmann ◽  
Velina Mirincheva ◽  
Ashraf M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Syntax Study

This paper aims to offers an assessment of the current transformation process of Doha's historic centre, which has become a major focus of public development strategies. While the historic centre was neglected during most of the second half of the 20th century, recent public initiatives have been leading to new urban morphologies and typologies. In addition to the redevelopment of the historic market and the investments in museums, a large scale mixed use development, known as Msheireb project, has been launched, which will replace an entire district. The objective of this paper is therefore to clarify how these public initiatives are modifying existing urban structures and to which extent this spatial reconfiguration contributes to major revitalisation objectives, such as diversity, consolidation and identity. The methodologies include a GIS survey to analyse the shift in urban densities, land uses and typologies as well as a Space Syntax study assessing the various levels of spatial integration in the case of the Msheireb project.

scholarly journals Common Space Spatial Layout Transition in Japanese Nursing Home - By Space Syntax point of view

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Bai ◽  
Satoshi Nasu
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Dining Room ◽  
Community Space ◽  
Care Nursing

This article analyzes changes of common space spatial characteristics in Japanese nursing homes in the past 35 years, aims to provide a reference for future common space design. The analysis is done by using Space Syntax theory. Totally 62 nursing homes from Japanese architecture publications are selected and analyzed. The analysis shows that compared with classical large-scale care nursing homes, the spatial integration of community space in modern unit care nursing homes is increased by 15%, but service station and dining room are reduced about 10% and 13%, which indicates the spatial importance of community space in modern nursing homes. Keywords: DepthMapX, Common Space, Nursing Home, Convex Map, Space Syntax. eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

scholarly journals Planning Urban Manufacturing, Industrial Building Typologies, and Built Environments: Lessons From Inner London

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-367
Author(s):  
Jessica Ferm ◽  
Dimitrios Panayotopoulos-Tsiros ◽  
Sam Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Economic Diversity ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Scale Regeneration ◽  
Large Plot ◽  
Post Industrial

Despite concerns about the loss of industry, industrial land, and buildings in high-value post-industrial cities, there is concurrently a renewed enthusiasm around the potential of “new” urban manufacturing and its contribution to the socio-economic diversity of cities. Yet, little is known about how planning policy can best support the retention and growth of urban manufacturing. To advance this agenda, this article proposes that we need a better understanding of industrial building typologies and resultant urban form. Using concepts developed by Julienne Hanson to analyse residential morphologies undergoing transformation under modernism, we apply these concepts to investigate the industrial, mixed-use contexts in two areas of London with concentrations of urban manufacturing—Hackney Mare Street and Old Kent Road. The research presented examines how both areas have evolved historically to produce distinctive urban tissues and a range of industrial building typologies. The article reveals that, despite territorial similarities in the late 19th century, the mixed land uses and smaller plot sizes of Hackney Mare Street have allowed for a more resilient development pattern, whereas the greater separation of land uses, large plot sizes, and inward-facing development in the Old Kent Road has facilitated its reimagination for large-scale regeneration. We conclude that greater attention needs to be paid to the relationship between urban manufacturing and built urban form if policies that aim to protect or support the revival of manufacturing in cities are to avoid negative unintended consequences.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Ring Roads on the Location Pattern of Shops in Town and City Centres. A Space Syntax Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3927
Author(s):  
Akkelies van Nes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Location Pattern ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
City Centres

This contribution demonstrates how inner ring roads change the location pattern of shops in urban areas with the application of the space syntax method. A market rational behaviour persists, in that shop owners always search for an optimal location to reach as many customers as possible. If the accessibility to this optimal location is affected by changes in a city’s road and street structure, it will affect the location pattern of shops. Initially, case studies of inner ring road projects in Birmingham, Coventry, Wolverhampton, Bristol, Tampere, and Mannheim show how their realisation affect the spatial structure of the street network of these cities and the location pattern of shops. The results of the spatial integration analyses of the street and road network are discussed with reference to changes in land-use before and after the implementation of ring roads, and current space syntax theories. As the results show, how an inner ring road is connected to and the type of the street network it is imposed upon dictates the resulting location pattern of shops. Shops locate and relocate themselves along the most spatially-integrated streets. Evidence on how new road projects influence the location pattern of shops in urban centres are useful for planning sustainable city centres.

scholarly journals The Revitalization of the Historic Centre of the Town Slany

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Zuzana Pešková
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Historic Centre ◽  
Reconstruction Project ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Town ◽  
Large Scale Project

In 2006, the town council of Slany decided to respond to the new trend of regional policy in the Central Bohemia region and focused on the revitalization of the historic core of the town. The large-scale project was assigned to a team of professionals (teachers and graduates of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague), led by Professor Sykora. Team members are to deal with issues of historical centre. The project presented a challenge to test theory, principles and procedures in practical design. The projected area featured Masaryk Square and 22 adjacent streets defined by the existing town walls. The reconstruction project of Vinarickeho Street was the first part of the overall project of revitalization of the historic core of the town chosen to implement. This reconstruction was one of the most technically, organizationally and financially complex works that have been undertaken in Slany recently. Construction started in November 2010 and lasted one year. Although this is a project of smaller scope, thanks to its complexity, sensitive approach and craftsmanship it brought the creators the price Construction of the Year 2012 in the Central Bohemia region and advanced to the second round in the competition Construction of the Year 2012 in Czech Republic.

scholarly journals LARGE-SCALE LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AND NUMERICAL MODELING OF WAVE FORCE AND PRESSURE ACTING ON THE URBAN STRUCTURES

2020 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Dayeon Lee ◽  
Sungwon Shin ◽  
Hyoungsu Park ◽  
Dan Cox
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wave Force ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Submerged Breakwater ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Overland Flows ◽  
Hard Structures

Low lying coastal communities are most vulnerable to the flooding which causes from sea-level rise (SLR), and extreme coastal flooding events such as hurricanes and tsunami. Notably, the high elevation of sea-levels due to SLR and local tidal conditions could accelerate the damages on the coastal communities. Hard coastal structures such as a submerged breakwater and seawall would consider minimizing the impacts of overland flows to the urban area from the extreme coastal events, but the effectiveness of those hard structures are significantly alter depending on the various waves and sea-level conditions.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/GCOOpB4C3tA

scholarly journals Connecting the Digital and Physical World: Improving the Robustness of Adversarial Attacks

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 962-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve T.K. Jan ◽  
Joseph Messou ◽  
Yen-Chen Lin ◽  
Jia-Bin Huang ◽  
Gang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Physical Domain ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Image Translation ◽  
Physical Transformation ◽  
Adversarial Examples ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
High Level

While deep learning models have achieved unprecedented success in various domains, there is also a growing concern of adversarial attacks against related applications. Recent results show that by adding a small amount of perturbations to an image (imperceptible to humans), the resulting adversarial examples can force a classifier to make targeted mistakes. So far, most existing works focus on crafting adversarial examples in the digital domain, while limited efforts have been devoted to understanding the physical domain attacks. In this work, we explore the feasibility of generating robust adversarial examples that remain effective in the physical domain. Our core idea is to use an image-to-image translation network to simulate the digital-to-physical transformation process for generating robust adversarial examples. To validate our method, we conduct a large-scale physical-domain experiment, which involves manually taking more than 3000 physical domain photos. The results show that our method outperforms existing ones by a large margin and demonstrates a high level of robustness and transferability.

Africa and the globalization process: western Africa, 1450–1850

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Inikori
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Atlantic Basin ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Atlantic Economy

The article examines the debate on globalization as a historical process and provides a context for the assessment of western Africa’s long-run contribution to the process, the main subject of the article. It argues that the process began in the Atlantic basin in the sixteenth century; in the nineteenth, it gave rise to an integrated Atlantic economy, the nucleus of the modern global economy. The process involved the transformation of the predominantly subsistence economies of the Atlantic basin in 1450 to market-based economies before their integration by the Atlantic market could occur. Large-scale specialization of the plantation and mining economies of the Americas was central to the transformation process. Because of abundant land, large-scale plantation agriculture in the Americas was made possible by coerced African labour. In the end, the unique characteristics of the export slave trade that supplied coerced African labour to the Americas retarded the development of the market economy in western Africa and kept the region’s economies out of the integrated commodity production processes of the Atlantic economy until that trade ended in the mid-nineteenth century. The analysis of the commercializing process in the Atlantic basin and its causal link to England’s Industrial Revolution, with its new technologies, and to the establishment of the integrated nineteenth-century Atlantic economy presents a powerful argument that places Africa at the centre stage of the globalization process

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