Upward social comparison and Facebook users’ grandiosity

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungsuh Lim ◽  
Yoon Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Upward Comparison ◽  
Upward Social Comparison ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to confirm the causal relationship, in an upward social comparison, of envy, loneliness and subjective well-being (SWB). Particularly, the authors address the mediating roles, each, of benign envy (BE) and malicious envy (ME) as different types of envy. In addition, the authors explore the grandiosity of users, in terms of narcissistic personalities, and whether it has discriminatory impacts on this causal relationship. Design/methodology/approach The authors re-enacted a situation that users confront on Facebook as a quasi-experiment to determine if there is an effectual relationship among variables in the path of upward comparison, envy, loneliness and SWB. First, the authors divided envy into BE and ME to examine its mediating role in the path of upward comparison and loneliness. Second, the authors examined the differentiated effects of both kinds of envy and loneliness on SWB. Finally, the authors determined if users’ grandiose, narcissistic behaviour has moderating effects on the path of each variable. Findings The results revealed that upward comparison has a positive effect on both kinds of envy; however, in the path of loneliness, only ME operated and played a mediating role. Furthermore, grandiosity had a partially significant moderating effect. Research limitations/implications This study has the following theoretical implications. The mediating effect of envy was identified in the path of upward comparison, loneliness and SWB. Research limitation is as follows: this study could not effectively reflect individual differences. It is necessary to include individual difference variables in later research, including characteristics of social comparison. Practical implications This study has the following practical implications. Social comparison on Facebook poses a more serious problem than it does offline; therefore, users need to protect their own SWB. If users can actively cope with the information of others and selectively choose their upward comparison targets, they can reduce their loneliness and improve their SWB as expected in the hypotheses. Social implications The “unfriending” events that occur on Facebook may be explained by the mediating phenomenon of ME. The research showed that the excessive narcissism of users on Facebook is an inconsistent information with real selves of users, thus triggering the ME, which causes avoidance from other Facebook users. Originality/value The authors have proven that social comparison and envy emotion are the causes of the loneliness, while the authors are on Facebook. Especially, the mediation role of BE and ME are discussed in a distinguished manner. Also, the authors confirmed that the influence of narcissism could further aggravate the problem of loneliness. Finally, the authors found that the variables of the study also affect the SWB of the Facebook user.

The effect of workplace bullying on burnout: the mediating role of affective well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neuza Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Suzete Semedo ◽  
Daniel Gomes ◽  
Rita Bernardino ◽  
Sharda Singh
Keyword(s):  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of workplace bullying on employees’ burnout by investigating the mediating effect of affective well-being (AWB). Design/methodology/approach Data of 532 employees from diverse organizations in Portugal were collected. These data were collected using anonymously completed structured questionnaires available online. Findings The results support the research hypotheses proposed, confirming that workplace bullying is related to both AWB and burnout. Moreover, affective workplace bullying partially mediates the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout, indicating that the victims have their AWB reduced, and, consequently, increase their burnout levels. Practical implications The findings suggest that organizations can foster employees’ AWB and reduce the level of burnout by encouraging organizations to develop preventive policies and practices to safeguard against bullying at work. Originality/value To this date, only a few studies have examined mediating and moderating variables (Nielsen and Einersen, 2018) and none include AWB as a mediator of the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout. This study answers the call for further empirical research from those who have argued that more information is needed to understand the workplace bullying phenomenon and contributes to the growing debate on this topic and its effects on employees.

The Influence of Competency of Preschool Teachers in Fujian Province on Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuguang Sun ◽  
Ailing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Mediator Variable

The intermediary effect interval of the preschool teachers' competence characteristics → positive psychological capital → the subjective well-being of the preschool teachers is (0.23—0.55), does not contain 0, and the effect amount is 0.35. The competency characteristics of preschool teachers → The direct effect interval of subjective well-being of preschool teachers is (0.05—0.36), excluding 0, and the effect quantity is 0.20, indicating that positive psychological capital as a mediator variable has the characteristics of preschool teachers and the subjective well-being of preschool teachers. Partial mediating effect, the ratio of mediating effect to total effect is 64.01%.

scholarly journals Organizational helping behavior and its relationship with employee workplace well-being

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyun Duan ◽  
Macy Wong ◽  
Yumeng Yue
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Helping Behaviors ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Main Relationship

PurposeResearch examining the effect of helping on outcomes related to helpers has gained some mixed results. The purpose of this paper is to reconcile such inconsistency by understanding the multi-dimensional nature of helping behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first develop a helping behavior scale that differentiates between the proactive and reactive form of helping. Furthermore, the authors also examined whether these two forms of helping are differently related to employees’ well-being. Data were collected from 448 employees and their immediate supervisors working in different organizations in the South Jiangsu province, in which the authors examined the main relationship and also explored the mediating effect of meaningfulness.FindingsResults provided corroborating evidence that helping behavior was a multi-dimensional construct, consisting of proactive and reactive dimensions. Furthermore, the authors are also able to support discriminatory validity between these two dimensions by showing that they are differently related to employees’ well-being.Practical implicationsThis paper contributes to management practice by specifying the benefits and detriments of different kinds of helping behaviors.Originality/valueThe findings of this study do not only provide ideas to explain contradictions in the effect of helping behaviors on helpers themselves, but also deepens scholars’ knowledge and understanding toward helping behavior.

The more envious the consumer, the more impulsive? The moderating role of self-monitoring and product type

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsheng Cui ◽  
Mengwei Zhang ◽  
Chaonan Yin ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Jianan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Product Type ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Purpose This paper aimed to explore the influence of envy on impulsive consumption from aspects of the internal psychological mechanism and boundary conditions.Design/methodology/approach Based on social comparison theory, four studies were conducted in this research: The first study explored the effect of envy on impulsive consumption; the second study explored the moderating effect of self-monitoring and the mediating effect of materialism; the third study explored the moderating effect of product type and the fourth study explored the effectiveness of social comparison contexts on the arousal of envy.Findings Study 1 showed that envy could significantly trigger consumers' impulsive consumption. Study 2 indicated that participants experiencing self-monitoring had a higher level of materialism and a stronger propensity to consume impulsively once the emotion of envy emerged. Study 3 suggested that when participants were more envious, their levels of materialism increased with more impulsivity to buy material products. Study 4 revealed that upward comparisons led to a higher level of envy and re-validated the mediating role of materialism between envy and impulsive consumption.Research limitations/implications This study provides evidence for the association between envy and consumer behaviour and clarifies the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between envy and impulsive consumption.Practical implications Marketers could take advantage of consumers' envy after social comparisons without damaging brand image.Originality/value First, this study extended the effects of envy on consumer decisions, suggesting that envy stimulates impulsive consumption by increasing consumers' materialism. Second, this study revealed the boundary condition of product type, namely, material and experiential.

Organizational injustice and knowledge hiding: the roles of organizational dis-identification and benevolence

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Jahanzeb ◽  
Dirk De Clercq ◽  
Tasneem Fatima
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Knowledge Hiding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sense Of Obligation ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Organizational Injustice

PurposeWith a basis in social identity and equity theories, this study investigates the relationship between employees' perceptions of organizational injustice and their knowledge hiding, along with the mediating role of organizational dis-identification and the potential moderating role of benevolence.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested with three-wave survey data collected from employees in Pakistani organizations.FindingsThe experience of organizational injustice enhances knowledge hiding because employees psychologically disconnect from their organization. This mediation by organizational dis-identification is buffered by benevolence or tolerance for inequity, which reduces employees' likelihood of reacting negatively to the unfavourable experience of injustice.Practical implicationsFor practitioners, this study identifies organizational dis-identification as a key mechanism through which employees' perceptions of organizational injustice spur their propensity to conceal knowledge, and it reveals how this process might be mitigated by a sense of obligation to contribute or “give” to organizational well-being.Originality/valueThis study establishes a more complete understanding of the connection between employees' perceptions of organizational injustice and their knowledge hiding, with particular attention devoted to hitherto unspecified factors that explain or influence this process.

scholarly journals Love Forgiveness and Subjective Well-Being in Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Interpersonal Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Cheng ◽  
Qiyi Lin ◽  
Hong Fu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Intermediary Role

Love forgiveness is categorized as forgiveness in a specific relationship, which is the tendency of individuals to forgive the objects of their interpersonal relationships. We investigated 831 undergraduate students in China with a love forgiveness questionnaire, a subjective well-being questionnaire and an interpersonal relationship comprehensive diagnostic, including demographic variables. Students of different genders and grades showed significant differences across the three questionnaires. There were significant correlations between love forgiveness, interpersonal relationships, and subjective well-being of Chinese college students. Interpersonal relationships played an intermediary role between love forgiveness and subjective well-being of Chinese college students. Specifically, whereas Chinese college students’ love forgiveness could directly promote the improvement of subjective well-being, love forgiveness could also indirectly improve subjective well-being through interpersonal relationships. The mediating effect of interpersonal relationships between love forgiveness and subjective well-being accounted for 40.52% of the total effect. This provides a new way of thinking for psychological counselors to approach the intimate relationship problems of college students.

scholarly journals Living Space and Job Prospects and Their Relationship with Subjective Well-Being during COVID-19 Confinement in Spain: The Mediator Role of Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9198
Author(s):  
Fernando Molero ◽  
Patricia Recio ◽  
Encarnación Sarriá
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Job Prospects

The objective of this study was to examine the relationships of participants’ home characteristics (living space) and job prospects after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to their subjective psychological well-being (SWB) (in terms of both affective and cognitive aspects). We also examined the role of participants’ resilience as a possible mediator in the relationships among the aforementioned variables. The sample comprised 474 Spanish adults who completed an online questionnaire between 14 and 24 April 2020, when COVID-19 confinement was very strict in Spain. We proposed a path analysis model including the described variables. The model presented a good fit (χ2 = 7.41, df = 5, p = 0.376, comparative fit index = 0.996, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.987; root mean square error of approximation = 0.032). The results indicated that living space and future job prospects predicted resilience, which, in turn, was related to SWB. Moreover, the bootstrapping results revealed a mediating effect of resilience that showed indirect relationships between living space and SWB and between job prospects and SWB. Our results underline the importance of environmental (living space) and job-related variables to predict SWB as well as the mediating role that resilience may play during the confinement period.

scholarly journals Relationships Among Job Burnout, Generativity Concern, and Subjective Well-Being: A Moderated Mediation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingniu Lan ◽  
Yinghao Liang ◽  
Guirong Wu ◽  
Haiying Ye
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Job Burnout ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Chinese Police

Background: Policemen all over the world are tasked with the heavy work of maintaining social security. With the imbalance in mentality brought about by high population density and social transformation, the work of the Chinese police is particularly hard. As the window of demographic dividend is closing and the number of newborns is insufficient, China has started to adjust its established fertility policy to encourage a family to have two children. However, the results have not met the expectations of the policy adjustment. It is generally believed that factors such as high work pressure, high parenting costs, and low levels of happiness may be the main reasons for low fertility intentions. Studying this typical population of police officers may explore the relationship between work stress, happiness, and reproductive concerns, and provide evidence of Chinese sample.Objectives: To explore the relations between job burnout, subjective well-being, and generativity concern in Chinese police officers.Methods: The study used a cross-sectional survey to collect data from 494 police officers from H city in China. The participants completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACESII), the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS), and the Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). Moderated mediation effect models assessed the association between job burnout, subjective well-being, and generativity concern.Results: Job burnout had a significant negative predictive effect on both subjective well-being and generativity concern, and subjective well-being played a mediating role between job burnout and generativity concern. In addition, family intimacy and adaptability had a significant negative moderating effect between subjective well-being and generativity concern. In a conclusion, there is a moderated mediating effect between job burnout and generativity concern.Conclusion: Subjective well-being played a mediating role between job burnout and generativity concern.

Emotional intelligence and materialism: the mediating effect of subjective well-being

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aušra Rūtelionė ◽  
Beata Šeinauskienė ◽  
Shahrokh Nikou ◽  
Rosita Lekavičienė ◽  
Dalia Antinienė
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Affect Balance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the nature of the relationship between emotional intelligence and materialism by exploring how subjective well-being mediates this link. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected from surveying 1,000 Lithuanians within random sampling, and structural equation modelling (SEM) techniques using SmartPLS were used to analyze the data. Findings The results show that emotional intelligence not only has a negative indirect effect on materialism but also a positive impact on both dimensions of subjective well-being (satisfaction with life and affect balance). In addition, the findings indicate that both satisfaction with life and affect balance predict a decrease in materialism. Finally, the SEM analyzes show that the path between emotional intelligence and materialism is partially mediated by both satisfaction with life and affect balance. Social implications The results of this study expand the understanding to what extent and how emotional intelligence is able to assist in adjusting materialistic attitudes, which have become more prevalent with the respective growth of consumerism and consumer culture worldwide. In the light of unsustainable consumption patterns threatening the survival of humankind and nature, the opportunities that could reverse this trend are presented for marketers and policy makers. This study gives insight into the potential pathways for diminishing consumer materialism, which is considered detrimental to subjective well-being and mental health. Originality/value The relationship between emotional intelligence and subjective well-being has been well documented, as has the link between materialism and subjective well-being. However, the simultaneous examination of the relationship between emotional intelligence, subjective well-being and materialism is lacking. The current study adds to the understanding of materialism not only by examining the effect of under-researched antecedent such as emotional intelligence but also by explaining the underlying mechanism of subjective well-being by which emotional intelligence connects to materialism.

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