Prospects for West and Central Africa in 2016

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Political Campaigning ◽  
The Social ◽  
West And Central Africa

Subject Prospects for West and Central Africa in 2016. Significance Around a dozen presidential, legislative and municipal elections scheduled for next year portend a disruptive and, in some cases, potentially unstable period. In Ghana, pre-election spending will test official commitment to the country's IMF bailout terms. Elsewhere -- notably Burkina Faso, Guinea and the Central African Republic (CAR) -- political campaigning could magnify long-held internecine grievances, straining the social fabric.

The development experiences of two small African and Northern European communities under globalisation

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Ovaska ◽  
Louw Van der Walt ◽  
Robert B. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Northern European ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
Global World

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to focus on the development experience in the global world of two small communities, Viimsi in Estonia and Magog in South Africa. These two communities were chosen as exemplars because the authors were familiar with both, and understood them to be illustrative of differing outcomes of interaction of small communities with the global economy offering the prospect of generalisation of findings to the framework and theory. Twenty years ago, both were poor, since then Viimsi has become wealthy, while Magopa remains poor. It is not believed that becoming the wealthiest community in Estonia was Viimsi’s per-determined destiny. What people of Viimsi did to make their community a success relative to the surrounding peer communities is a story of the visible as much as the invisible attributes. Design/methodology/approach – These attributes are examined using a framework the authors’ originally developed to explore the participation of Indigenous communities in the global economy in pursuit of development as they defined it. A thorough investigation was done on the interactions among various community stakeholder groups in an attempt to describe the social fabric of these two communities, and this was used to explain why Viimsi was able to take advantage of globalisation, when Magopa was not. Findings – While it will be hard, no doubt, to translate all the success attributes of Viimsi to a different location and time, some of the lessons that were uncovered from the study are universal in nature, making them potentially useable for other small communities trying to find their way in the global world. Research limitations/implications – Studying only two communities means that the generalisation of the findings is limited to theory. None can be made directly to the population of similar communities, except indirectly through exploration using the theory being developed to test its validity in other circumstances. Practical implications – The findings from this paper will increase the understanding of the factors that contribute the a community’s success of lack of, in participating in the global economy. Originality/value – This is an under-researched area within development literature.

Segmenting, targeting and positioning in Islamic marketing

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mominul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Shape Segmentation ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to conceptualize the basic Islamic marketing (IM) process according to Shari’ah, addressing some of the queries raised by scholars on halal and marketing. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative approach and content analysis have guided to shape segmentation, targeting and positioning (STP) with the help of secondary data from conventional and IM. Required Qur’anic verses and hadiths have been galvanized to shape STP in line with empirical evidence, showing potential marketing implications. Findings This study has accepted Islamic resources to segment markets, mentioning mankind, non-Muslims, Muslims, generic, halal and Islamic products. It has proposed to target mankind, non-Muslims markets with generic and halal products. Muslim marketers can target the pious Muslim consumers with Islamic products. For positioning, the halal certification has been suggested for the non-Muslim marketers and Islamization is for Muslim marketers. The whole process has been conceptualized in a single framework. Practical implications Marketers can have many product development ideas and basic guidelines and scholars may be able to sense some queries as to IM. Social implications This study has shown how inter-religious relationships can be harmonized with carrying out marketing functions to keep the social fabric following the Qur’anic verses. Originality/value This study has outlined the IM process as per Muslim and non-Muslim marketers’ needs under Shari’ah. Besides, it has answered some questions on halal and IM that has been hardly addressed before.

Regional factors mar Caribbean gun control measures

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gun Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Small Arms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Standing Problem

Subject Inflows of illegal weapons to the Caribbean. Significance There is a long-standing problem of illegal firearms entering the Caribbean, going back at least to the 1970s with the increase in politically related violence in Jamaica. However, today there are broader concerns that the importation of illegal firearms (often related to the trade in narcotics) is threatening the social fabric of many countries across the region. Impacts US budget cuts could further undermine regional efforts to curb illegal firearms. Instability in Venezuela and Haiti will also help to drive the trade in small arms trafficking. High Caribbean crime rates are undermining efforts to encourage investment and improve socio-economic indicators.

African oil and gas exploration will look southwards

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Key Industry

Subject African oil and gas exploration. Significance Stakeholders in the African oil industry met in Cape Town in early November, for the annual Africa Oil Week conference, amid speculation of new prospects in South Africa and Namibia. While several countries in West and Central Africa are offering acreage in licensing rounds, oil and gas companies are focused on upcoming wells in Southern Africa, which will dictate decisions on companies’ future exploration focus. Impacts Exploration success for Southern Africa’s most watched wells could bring an investment boost to new areas, such as South Africa. Angola and Nigeria will try pushing reforms and new licensing to revive a largely moribund exploration sector to renew reserves and growth. IOCs will need more reassurance before committing to new Nigerian investment after Buhari's failure in 2018 to sign a key industry bill.

Niger migration corridor to Europe will persist

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Migration Corridor ◽  
Northern City

Subject Migration flows through Niger. Significance Over the past three years, informal migration from West and Central Africa across the Mediterranean to Europe has attracted massive public attention in Europe and become a major practical and political challenge for EU governments. Niger, and in particular its northern city of Agadez, has become a key transit hub for migrants. Impacts France and the United States will remain partners in helping Niger counter the threat of Saharan jihadist terrorism. Despite occasional jihadist attacks from Malian territory and instability in Libya, Issoufou will maintain his authority over the north. However, instability may rise in the long term; politics is highly polarised and trust in democracy has declined sharply.

Creating the maximum impact apprenticeship experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Collaborative Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
And Training ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.Design/methodology/approachThis briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.FindingsThis conceptual paper concentrates on how emotionally considerate onboarding and training serve to integrate an apprentice into the social fabric of an organization. In the context of apprenticeships, more work can be done in Korea to improve the commercial power that collaborative relationships between colleagues can inject into a workplace and its learning culture.Practical implicationsThe paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations.Originality/valueThe briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent, information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

scholarly journals Prevalence of human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*57:01 in individuals with HIV in West and Central Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malewe Kolou ◽  
Armel Poda ◽  
Zelica Diallo ◽  
Esther Konou ◽  
Tatiana Dokpomiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background The presence of the human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*57:01 is associated with the development of a hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir (ABC). Limited data exist on HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in individuals with HIV-1 in Africa. This study aimed to estimate HLA-B*57:01 prevalence in individuals with HIV-1 in West and Central Africa. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in four countries in West and central Africa (Burkina-Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, and Togo) from January 2016 to February 2020 to determine the status of HLA-B*57:01 in adults with HIV-1. The presence of HLA-B*57:01 was determined by using Single Specific Primer-Polymerase Chain Reaction (SSP-PCR) in blood samples. Prevalence rates were stratified based on country. Results A total of 4016 (69.8% women) individuals with HIV were enrolled. Their median age was 45, and the interquartile range was 38–52. We included 500 (12.4%) patients in Burkina-Faso, 1453 (36.2%) in Côte d’Ivoire, 951 (23.7%) in Gabon, and 1112 (27.7%) in Togo. The overall HLA-B*57:01 prevalence was 0.1% [95% CI: 0.0–0.2%]. The prevalence of HLA-B*57:01 was similar according to the four countries. Only one case was reported in each country except Togo, with no cases. Conclusions HLA-B*57:01 prevalence is low in individuals with HIV in West and central Africa, and there is no difference among countries. This study does not confirm the utility of HLA-B*57:01 allele testing for abacavir use in this region.

CSR in the Lebanese banking sector: a neo-institutional approach to stakeholders’ legitimacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charbel Chedrawi ◽  
Alain Osta ◽  
Souheir Osta
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
International Banking ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an issue in the international banking industry, where each bank must assert its stakeholders, the social fabric and the natural environment. In the same time, legitimacy which has become one of the most critical issues for corporations, can be increased in the eyes of other stakeholders or institutions by structurally or procedurally adjusting to institutional influences. By conforming to three external institutional pressures (normative, mimetic and coercive), identified by DiMaggio and Powell (1983), organizations can build, support and gain legitimacy for their activities in specific institutional environments. Design/methodology/approach Using a qualitative approach, this research highlights the input of neo-institutional theory in the CSR context in top Lebanese banks in Lebanon. Findings This paper aims to analyze the impact of neo-institutionalism and the role of stakeholders in legitimizing CSR practices in the Lebanese banking sector. Practical implications Top Lebanese banks cannot simply comply with institutional pressures to gain their legitimacy, they need to develop their CSR activities targeted toward legitimacy-building at the local level; as for managers they cannot simply adopt managerial perspectives instrumentally to gain societal support, they need to adapt such perspectives and practices to the local needs as expressed by their internal and external stakeholders. Originality/value Managers of top Lebanese banks need to proactively engage in managing institutional pressures by adopting and adapting legitimacy-seeking strategies. This study highlights that top Lebanese banks differ in their CSR orientation because of their ownership structure, number of employees and profitability.

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