US election will roil Latin American outlook

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Policy Debates ◽  
The Us

Subject The US election impact in Latin America. Significance Donald Trump's victory in the US elections was received with concern in Latin America, where most governments informally supported Hillary Clinton's campaign and were expecting continuity in US foreign policy. Trump's positions on migration are particularly worrying for Mexico and Central America. His agenda in other areas is not clear: during the campaign, he made few statements about the region and maintained some contradictory positions on several issues, including relations with Cuba. Impacts Trump's victory will have an impact on domestic policy debates in many countries. Backpedalling on climate change would represent a major regional concern. Already weak support for economic orthodoxy and reduced trade barriers will decline further.

Biden will wield expert US foreign policy team

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
African American ◽  
National Security ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Military Career ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us

Significance If confirmed by the Senate, Austin will be the first African-American in that post. His selection is strongly supported by minority rights groups, partly because his military career immunises him from any claims of tokenism. This comes as Biden is announcing his wider national security team. Impacts It will be far easier to confirm Biden nominees if the Democrats hold the Senate. Biden’s attention will be arrested by COVID-19 and the US economy. Biden will increase the focus on non-traditional security threats including climate change and disease.

Prospects for Central America/Caribbean in 2018

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Caribbean

Subject Prospects for Central America and the Caribbean in 2018. Significance Most countries in Central America and the Caribbean (CA/C) grew above the Latin American average in 2017, with low oil prices and the recuperation of the US economy helping to drive positive economic outcomes. Challenges still facing the sub-region include corruption, high public debt and the negative impact of natural disasters.

Remittances to grow in Mexico and Central America

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Private Consumption ◽  
Central American ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us

Subject With the dollar strengthening against many local currencies, remittances are on the rise. Significance The strengthening of the dollar has seen remittance figures in Mexico and Central America rise recently. While the weight of remittances varies greatly across Latin America, Mexico is by far the most important recipient in the region. However, the weight of remittance transfers in the Mexican economy only has a significant impact in certain areas, while in several Central American countries, notably El Salvador, they are vital to overall private consumption. Impacts As the US economy gathers strength, remittances should continue to grow, albeit at single-digit rates. While the economic relevance of remittances should decline in Mexico, it will continue increasing in Central America. Governments are faced with the challenge of redirecting the use of remittances from spending to investment.

Cocoa production will increase in Latin America

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Andean Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
Cocoa Production

Subject Countries in Central America and the Andean region are looking to expand their production of high quality cacao and cocoa. Significance The development of Latin America's cacao and cocoa industry is variously touted as a means to boost the economy, to reduce dependence on exports of oil and minerals, and to attract Andean farmers away from growing coca. Progress in several countries is relatively promising, though diverse risks to the quality and health of crops mean that any gains remain somewhat fragile. Impacts Earnings from such produce, for both producers and governments, will fluctuate due to disease and adverse weather. The effects of El Nino over the coming year could lead to poor harvests in 2016. Over the medium term, cacao and cocoa could help diversify a number of Latin American economies.

IDB leadership vote may break Latin American tradition

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Regime Change ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cuban American ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
A Minor

Significance Claver-Carone, a Cuban-American, could alter perceptions of the Bank’s traditional technical role in the region; his appointment is likely intended as a response to growing Chinese influence in Latin America. Impacts Washington aims to check the possibility of rising Chinese influence on the Bank’s activities, although Beijing remains a minor shareholder. Brazil’s support for Washington’s agenda risks roiling China, its main export market and investment source. The IDB will position itself as a major potential lender to Venezuela in the event of regime change there. The smaller economies of Central America and the Caribbean will remain particularly dependent on IDB lending.

An Inter-American Episode

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Pablo Neruda ◽  
Jose Marti ◽  
The South ◽  
American Reader ◽  
The North ◽  
Literary Theories ◽  
The Us

This chapter focuses on a paradigmatic misencounter between an American experiencer and a Latin American reader. Examining an implicit debate about the sources of Walt Whitman’s poetry and vision of the Americas, I argue that Waldo Frank, one of the twentieth century’s main literary ambassadors from the US to Latin America, positioned Whitman as the representative US writer whose antibookish experiential aesthetics could serve as a model for “American” writers both in the North and in the South. I show how Frank’s framework provided a foil for Borges’s idiosyncratic view that Whitman’s poetry about America derived entirely from his readings of European and US writers. Although much of the best scholarship on Whitman’s reception in Latin America has concentrated on poets like José Martí and Pablo Neruda, who adapted Whitman’s naturalism, I contend that Borges’s iconoclastic portrait of Whitman as a reader profoundly influenced a range of anti-experiential literary theories and practices in Latin America.

A great convergence: The American frontier and the origins of Japanese migration to Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sidney Xu Lu
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Ethnic Studies ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
American Frontier ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Meiji Japan ◽  
The Us ◽  
Two Sides

Abstract This article explains how the US westward expansion influenced and stimulated Japanese migration to Brazil. Emerging in the nineteenth century as expanding powers in East Asia and Latin America, respectively, both Meiji Japan and post-independence Brazil looked to the US westward expansion as a central reference for their own processes of settler colonialism. The convergence of Japan and Brazil in their imitation of US settler colonialism eventually brought the two sides together at the turn of the twentieth century to negotiate for the start of Japanese migration to Brazil. This article challenges the current understanding of Japanese migration to Brazil, conventionally regarded as a topic of Latin American ethnic studies, by placing it in the context of settler colonialism in both Japanese and Brazilian histories. The study also explores the shared experiences of East Asia and Latin America as they felt the global impact of the American westward expansion.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in Latin America: a first glance to the mortality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nubia Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The Us ◽  
Latin American Countries

It is too early to know which will be the final death toll from the Covid-19 or SARS-CoV-2 virus epidemy in Latin America since the epidemy is still active and we will not know when it will end. The curve for new infections and deaths has not reached yet a peak (Figure 1). In addition, we know little about the epidemiology of this new virus. The daily litany of the number of people infected with the number of admissions to hospitals and intensive care units and the number of deaths guides health authorities to plan health services and politicians to gauge the degree of confinement necessary to control the transmission of the virus, but it says little about the magnitude of the problem if we do not relate it to the population at risk. At the end of the pandemic, we will be able to estimate age-standardized death rates for the different countries, but until then the crude death rates will provide a first glance or snapshot of the death toll and impact of the pandemic from March to May 2020. These rates are well below those estimated in other countries in Europe and North America: Belgium (82.6), Spain (58.0), the United Kingdom (57.5), Italy (55.0), France (42.9), Sweden (41.4), and the US (30.7). (Johns Hopkins CSSE, May 30, 2020). However, in the European countries and the US the number of deaths has reached a peak, while this is not the case in Latin American countries. (Figure 1). It should be taken into account that the above rates are crude and therefore, some of the differences could be due to the fact that European countries have a larger proportion of the population over 70 years of age in whom higher mortality rates have been reported.

Management and sustainability dilemmas in Latin America: introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Olivia Hernandez-Pozas ◽  
Maria Jose Murcia ◽  
Enrique Ogliastri ◽  
Miguel R. Olivas-Lujan
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
Specific Contribution

PurposeThis article introduces readers to the Special Issue (SI, 34-1) of ARLA, edited (not exclusively) with the best papers of the Academy of Management's Specialized Conference, scheduled for April 2020 in Mexico City. The COVID-19 pandemic forced its cancellation, but the expert peer review and editorial work continued, to contribute to the emerging literature on Latin American Management and Sustainability.Design/methodology/approachGuest editors contributed their expertise based on required editorial processes and focused literature reviews on Management and Sustainability.FindingsThere are large management and sustainability challenges to Latin American practitioners and researchers, resulting in an increasingly urgent need to systematically document similarities and differences in the fields of Management and Sustainability. It is so because the region has been affected as few others before, during and after the pandemic. Thus, this issue summarizes the literature, presents eight new studies and offers suggestions for future research.Research limitations/implicationsManagement and sustainability in Latin America are wide subjects, with different dimensions and issues. This is a specific contribution that leaves much ground to be covered in the different subfields of the area, in research methodologies and conclusions.Originality/valueAn agenda for advancing the field of management and sustainability in Latin America, highlighted by the COVID-19 disruption; additionally, eight of the most advanced research in the field are presented, chosen from two tracks of a large number of contributions to a recent specialized conference organized by the Academy of Management.

The role of market and product category characteristics in local versus foreign language branding in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Farías ◽  
Luis Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Local Language ◽  
Product Categories

PurposeThis paper explores which market and product category characteristics could influence the use of foreign language brand names (i.e. whether a brand uses a foreign language versus local language brand name) in some of the largest Latin American countries.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses are tested using 880 brands from 39 product categories and nine Latin American markets using a hierarchical logistic regression.FindingsResults revealed that foreign language brand names are more likely to be used in product categories related to local infrastructure, high-tech and global community. In contrast, local language brand names are more likely to be used in product categories associated to subscriptions. Findings also suggest that Hofstede's national cultural dimensions are significant factors. Finally, the results revealed that foreign language brand names are more likely to be used in markets with a low level of foreign language proficiency.Originality/valueThis paper shows the importance of considering market and product category characteristics and their potential influence on local versus foreign language branding in Latin America – an ignored issue in previous research.

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