Collective action components of low-cost housing: an empirical analysis using Ostrom's SES framework

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Kok Wang ◽  
Gabriel Hoh Teck Ling ◽  
Xuerui Shi
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Management ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
Iad Framework

PurposeTo date, low-cost housing held under the common-property regime is faced with various collective action or management issues in relation to common facilities. Understanding and unpacking key collective action components in a multi-dimensional and systematic fashion that help explain the status quo of the complex low-cost housing management is crucial, particularly in identifying potential factors contributing to the suboptimal self-governing outcome. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the collective action of low-cost housing in Malaysia using Ostrom's institutional analysis development and social-ecological system framework (IAD-SES framework) as a theoretical framework.Design/methodology/approachFirst, a mixed-method research design was adopted where issues relating to the management of common properties of low-cost housing were identified in the Malaysian context. Second, the components of Ostrom's IAD framework relevant to collective action were identified. Third, after interviewing six experts in the housing industry via semi-structured interviews, two more components (historical development/adaptability to new environment and ethnicity) were added to the questionnaire survey. From here, 633 respondents who lived in four low-cost housings in Kuala Lumpur from 1,598 households were surveyed in 2012. We then merged the IAD framework with the SES framework. Factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha analysis were conducted to uncover the underlying variables and the social ecological clusters that they belonged.FindingsWith average Cronbach's alpha of 0.83, the seven key SES components identified are able to cumulatively explain 71% variance of local collective action components. Based on the cumulative percentage explained, the top five key SES components are as follows: context (social, economic and political settings); ethnicity; outcome; resource system; and users characteristics.Originality/valueThis study identifies key components related to the collective action issues of low-cost housing management, where two additional components were also suggested to be added to the SES framework. Apart from the theoretical contribution, the study, serving as insights and potential solutions, is also of practical significance to the existing management practices of low-cost housing in Malaysia where policymakers and management corporations may prioritize primary SES components, helping them govern common properties more efficiently.

Translation and adaption of short version of IQCODE into Hausa and its psychometric evaluation among outpatients older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope Adeniji ◽  
Adetoyeje Y. Oyeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

Purpose This study aims at translating and adapting a common and widely used proxy rated cognitive screening tool – Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) into Hausa language and also to evaluate the instrument’s psychometric properties. Design/methodology/approach IQCODE was translated and adapted using a qualitative process involving experts and the adapted version was then evaluated against a gold standard (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder V criteria for neurocognitive disorders) with older adults subjects (N = 100), while its reliability (internal consistency) was also evaluated. Descriptive statistics of mean and frequencies, and inferential statistic of receiver operating curve analysis and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were used for data analysis at an alpha level set at 0.05. Findings The Hausa IQCODE has a sensitivity value of 73.3%, specificity value of 71.8% and optimal cut-off values of between 3.2 and 3.3. For his adapted instrument the area under the Curve (AUC) curve is 0.79 (95% CI: 0.663–0.919; std. err: 0.066; P = 0.000), and Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.819 was obtained indicating that the adapted instrument has good internal consistency. Research limitations/implications The adapted IQCODE is a valid and reliable proxy based cognitive screening tool for the older adult Hausa speakers in Maiduguri. However, clinician and researcher might want to consider different optimal cut-off points when using this tool to screen or to monitor cognitive changes among older adults. Originality/value This research paper translated and adapted Hausa IQCODE into Hausa language. And it gives information on the validity and reliability of the adapted tool alongside with new optimal cut-off for cognitive screening by proxy among older adult patients in Nigeria.

Unravelling the encumbrances in the low-cost housing computerised open registration system in Malaysia's major cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Ebekozien ◽  
Abdul-Rashid Abdul-Aziz ◽  
Mastura Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Low Cost Housing

PurposeMalaysia's open registration system (ORS) scheme, which began in 1997, was established as part of prevention mechanism by the Ministry of Housing and Local Government to plug the leakage in the low-cost housing (LCH) allocation process. After two decades, ineligible persons still secure LCH to the detriment of the Malaysian low-income earners (LIEs) house-buyers/rentals. This paper explored the LCH computerised ORS for LIEs and proffered policy solutions to improve the scheme.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected via unexplored exploratory sequential mixed methods approach that engaged 25 well-informed participants and the ‘quantilised findings’, validated by the Malaysian LCH policymakers.FindingsThis paper found that there is weak compliance to computerised ORS, which is pronounced in states with relaxed eligibility clearance. Also, it was found that under-declaration of income evident in states where there is relaxed verification and lack of data sharing between states and with federal governments, among others, are the root cause of weak compliance to computerised ORS.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to unravelling the encumbrances in the low-cost housing computerised open registration system in Malaysia's major cities. Future research is needed to use relevant information to access the level of enforcement of the computerised open registration system across the states of Malaysia.Practical implicationsThis paper recommended that LCH computerised ORS should be devoid of party favouritism, state government should establish functional LCH computerised ORS, and the state and federal governments, should embrace cooperative federalism. Also, applicants should be subjected to the Central Credit Reference Information System check, and culprits should be referred to the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission. This paper provides salutary lessons on how to improve the scheme with a view to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals regarding housing in 2030.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates that the low-cost housing computerised open registration system in Malaysia is yet to be implemented across the states.

Multi‐owner low‐cost housing management in Malaysia

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Rima Muhamad Ariff ◽  
Hilary Davies
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Housing Management ◽  
Low Cost Housing

Pakistan’s census will prompt redistributive measures

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
High Population Growth ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
Low Cost Housing

Subject Implications of Pakistan's sixth census, completed this year. Significance The provisional results of Pakistan’s sixth census were in August presented to the Council of Common Interests (CCI) before being revealed to the public; the previous census was in 1998. High population growth will generate challenges for the state in managing elections and making policy. Impacts Pakistan’s government may draw up schemes for population control, emphasising family planning. Demand will grow for low-cost housing in cities. Islamabad may step up plans to repatriate Afghan refugees.

Private partner's risk response in PPP low-cost housing projects

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surangkana Trangkanont ◽  
Chotchai Charoenngam
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Private Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Response ◽  
Project Life Cycle ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
Project Life

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the salient risks borne by private firms and to investigate their effective risk response strategies in public-private partnership (PPP) low-cost housing (LCH) projects in Thailand. Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs grounded theory and case study methodologies to extensively analyze ten private firms’ risks and their strategic risk mitigation. As a result, the matrix of imperative risks’ root causes and the area of the project life cycle most exposed to their impacts were proposed. This included the framework of the risk response strategy application. Findings – The private firm's risk mitigation strategies depended on the salient risks’ impact and the private firms’ predictability and controllability of the risk outcome. This included the private firm's participating objectives and core business, decision maker's risk attitude, risk perception, experience of risk, and risk assessment skill, and the project life cycle phase of risk occurrence. Practical implications – Under the same characteristics of the immature PPP market in developing countries, the contractors’ effective risk management framework can be used as a guideline to complement the contractors’ decision making on risk response strategy selection and resource allocation in the PPP project life cycle. Originality/value – Despite working under the familiar environment of construction risk and generous payment method in PPP-LCH projects, only few contractors were successful. The examination of risks borne and effectively responded by the private sector increases the likelihood of the project success.

Critical failure factors of public-private partnership low-cost housing program in Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surangkana Trangkanont ◽  
Chotchai Charoenngam
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
Program Failure ◽  
Failure Factors

Purpose – Numerous studies to date have demonstrated the public-private partnership (PPP) project procurement method's failure to deliver low-cost housing (LCH) to low-income groups (LIGs) in developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate critical failure factors (CFFs), and how they cause the failure of PPP-LCH program. Design/methodology/approach – Grounded Theory methodology was used to gather and analyze the data in order to identify, categorize, and develop the logically causal relationships among CFFs that cause PPP-LCH program failure. Findings – Ten CFFs in various phases of PPP-LCH project life cycle caused PPP-LCH program failure. Some CFFs resulted from ineffective PPP policy and strategy, while some were beyond the control of the project/program management team. These CFFs were inter-/intra-related to one another in a particular way. Originality/value – Despite the increase in PPP-LCH projects/programs for LIGs in practice and the prevalence of failure, the studies of PPP-LCH project/program failure still suffer from insufficient conceptual clarity about the causes of these failures. The lessons learned, to some extent, help decision makers in both public and private sectors to reduce the probability of the PPP-LCH project/program failure by clearly explaining the nature of each CFF.

Consumer social responsibility (CnSR): antecedents and tool validation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Soni ◽  
Sunny Dawar ◽  
Amit Soni
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Environmental Orientation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Consumer Social Responsibility

PurposeGlobal warming and drastic environment fluctuations have given rise to worldwide emergency, demanding to discover the most unexplored area in the field of social responsibility that is, consumer social responsibility (CnSR). This study aims to define the novel term “CnSR” and its antecedents to accomplish long-term sustainability. An in-depth analysis is executed to discover key antecedents, and proposed tool validation is implemented with the help of the big size of consumer population.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data are collated using consumer responses, and reliability statistics were analyzed implementing Cronbach's alpha, and factor analysis is performed for required validation.FindingsProbing existing research, CnSR was mostly correlated with consumers’ ethical and moral behavior. The present work proposes a unique tool which has successfully revealed a broader approach resulting in four vital antecedents: environmental orientation (EO), ethical and moral disposition (EMD), spiritual orientation (SO) and orientation toward shared consumption (OSC). Cronbach's alpha is adopted to determine internal consistency of the survey and has showed precision of 0.953 which affirms accuracy of the proposed tool.Research limitations/implicationsSplitting of EO using factor analysis into environmental oriented preference (EOP) and recyclable oriented preference (ROP) has indicated further required inputs for better understanding.Practical implicationsSustainable issues were limited to corporates in the form of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. Present work demands consumer awareness about their consumption consequences and fix their responsibility to achieve long-term sustainability.Originality/valueThe present study is the first to identify the antecedents of CnSR and effectively demonstrates a tool for the same.

Validity and reliability: the Iranian version of Lawton IADL in elderly community dwellers

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Sadat Mirzadeh ◽  
Mahtab Alizadeh-Khoei ◽  
Farshad Sharifi ◽  
Reyhaneh Aminaloroaya ◽  
Sakar Hormozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Iranian Version

Purpose Normal aging changes, acute and chronic illness, and the long stay in the hospital made the decline in elderly physical and mental abilities in non-instrumental and Instrumental Activities Daily Livings (IADL). This paper aims to determine the validity and reliability of Lawton IADL in the Iranian elderly community relevancy to physical, mental and cognitive measurements. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional study with 422 participants, age 60 years old and over selected by face-to-face interviewing from the geriatric clinic, Tehran medical university from January to June 2019. Findings Of 422 participants referring to outpatient clinics the majority were male (62.8%); with an average of 66.9 ± 5.95 years old. Reliability was significantly high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96, p < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between IADL with Short-Form Health Survey36-Mental Component Score (SF36-MCS), with p < 0.01. Reliability was significantly high (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.96, p < 0.001). In the factor analysis with eigenvalues more than one, two components were found; that the first factor named as observational daily activities, whereas the second factor named “advanced daily activities”. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study was the low number of similar studies to compare the results and the stronger discussion. Originality/value Determining IADL's dependency in the community elderly is important to maintain their self-care manages. More studies are needed to manifest the relationship between mental health and IADL's independence. Therefore, validation in different settings is important in planning for the geriatrics team.

Factors influencing the adoption of public–private partnership in low-cost housing development in Myanmar

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
The Su Nyein ◽  
Bonaventura H.W. Hadikusumo
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Low Cost Housing ◽  
Private Investors

Purpose To provide low-cost housing, the Myanmar Government is attempting to use public–private partnership (PPP) to attract private investors. However, there is little information concerning the influencing factors for implementing PPP low-cost housing projects in Myanmar. This paper, therefore, aims to identify and analyse these factors. Design/methodology/approach A total of 51 in-depth interviews were conducted with interviewees involved in various kinds of housing projects implemented through the adoption of PPP or other approaches. The methods of data collection and the analysis are based on grounded theory (GT) methodology. Findings Using the GT method to analyse the interviews, five categories emerged from 50 influencing factors regarding the establishment and implementation of the PPP model for low-cost housing in Myanmar: provision of incentives; obstacles in implementing PPP for all stakeholders; barriers to private sector participation; public sector responsibilities and challenges; and attraction factors and challenges for financial institutions. Among 12 newly found factors, the three most important for PPP low-cost housing in Myanmar are the availability of project funding, the resolution of land-acquisition issues and the development of a sound financing system. Research limitations/implications Our findings strengthen previous studies by identifying factors affecting PPP low-cost housing either specific to Myanmar or common among other countries. Of the 50 factors identified, 38 factors were found in previous studies, but 12 are likely specific to Myanmar. Practical implications Our findings can be used by governments, particularly the Myanmar Government, and financial agencies to understand the low attractiveness of PPP low-cost housing for investors and to develop/improve policies to stimulate PPP low-cost housing, especially in Myanmar. Originality/value Many previous studies have been undertaken to identify factors that influence the implementation of PPP for low-cost housing. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, there are no prior studies specific to Myanmar in this context.

Development and validation of the Expanded Mindful Eating Scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 309-321
Author(s):  
Yui Kawasaki ◽  
Rie Akamatsu ◽  
Mika Omori ◽  
Masumi Sugawara ◽  
Yoko Yamazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Mindful Eating ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

PurposeTo develop and validate the Expanded Mindful Eating Scale (EMES), an expanded mindful eating model created for the promotion of health and sustainability.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study using self-administered questionnaire surveys on Ochanomizu Health Study (OHS) was conducted. The survey was provided to 1,388 female university students in Tokyo, Japan. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and a partial correlation analysis were used to confirm construct and criterion validity. Internal consistency of the EMES was confirmed to calculate Cronbach's alpha.FindingsThe response rate was 38.7 % (n = 537). Mean BMI was 20.21 ± 2.12, and 18.8% of them were classified as “lean” (BMI < 18.5). The authors listed 25 items and obtained a final factor structure of five factors and 20 items, as a result of EFA. Through CFA, the authors obtained the following fit indices for a final model: GFI = 0.914, AGFI = 0.890, CFI = 0.870 and RMSEA = 0.061. The total EMES score was significantly correlated with BMI, mindfulness, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and life satisfaction (r = −0.138, −0.315, −0.339, −0.281 and 0.149, p < 0.01, respectively). Cronbach's alpha for all items in this scale was 0.687.Practical implicationsThe authors suggest the possibility that practitioners and researchers of mindful eating that includes this new concept can use authors’ novel scale as an effective measurement tool.Originality/valueThe EMES, which can multidimensionally measure the concept of the expanded model of mindful eating was first developed in this study.

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