scholarly journals Optimisation of screen printing process for functional printing

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-463
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
Long Lin ◽  
Saira Faisal ◽  
Iftikhar Ali Sahito ◽  
Syed Imran Ali
Keyword(s):  
Screen Printing ◽  
Surface Resistivity ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Printing ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain the effects of screen printing parameters on the quantity of ink deposited and the print quality in the context of printing of functional inks. Both these aspects of printing are crucial in the case of conventional and functional printing. This is because, in the case of conventional printing, the quantity of ink deposit affects the color strength while in the case of functional printing, it directly affects the resulting functionality of the ink layer. Design/methodology/approach In this work, an automatic lab-scale screen printer was used to print functional inks on a paper board substrate. The printing parameters, i.e. printing pressure and squeegee angle were altered and the resulting effects on the quantity of ink that was deposited were recorded. The quantity of ink deposit was related to its surface resistivity. In addition, the quality of the print was also assessed by examining the design registration quality. Findings The authors found that altering the squeegee angle has a significant effect on the properties of the resulting ink deposit. More importantly, the authors found that the deflection in the rubber blade squeegee was greatly dependent on the initial angle of the squeegee at the start of the printing stroke. For each set value of the squeegee angle that was considered, the actual angle during printing was recorded and used in the analysis. A printing pressure of three bars and squeegee angle of 20° resulted in the maximum weight of ink deposit with a correspondingly lowest surface resistivity. Practical implications This study is envisaged to have considerable practical implications in the rapidly growing field of functional printing of flexible substrates including, but not limited to, textiles. This is because, the study provides an insight into the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of a functional ink deposit. Originality/value Screen printing of flexible substrates is a well-developed and arguably the most widely used printing technique, particularly for textiles. Numerous studies report on the analysis of various aspects of screen printing. However, to the best of the knowledge, the effects of printing parameters on the characteristics of functional inks, such as electrically conductive inks, have not been studied in this manner.

Pad printing of polymeric silver ink conductors on thermoplastic foils

Circuit World ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teija Laine-Ma ◽  
Pekka Ruuskanen ◽  
Satu Pasanen ◽  
Mikko Karttunen
Keyword(s):  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Silver Ink ◽  
Excellent Adhesion ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Electrical Conductors ◽  
Printing Parameters

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of pad printing for producing electrical conductors and to define the factors affecting the print quality of polymeric silver ink conductors. Design/methodology/approach Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film and polyphenylene oxide (PPO) compound film were used as substrate materials. Three different polymeric silver inks, marked A, B and C, were used and tested. Findings The results indicated that the important factors in the pad printing of silver ink conductors are the printing parameters and characteristics of the ink, pad, cliché and substrate. The interactions of these factors should be considered on a case-by-case basis. The sheet resistances of triple-pressed ink conductors varied between 20 and 110 mΩ/sq for 5.7- to 8.5-μm-thick conductors. Ink (B) had a higher sheet resistance than Ink (A) because of its lower silver particle content but also because of the shorter curing time and lower curing temperature. Ink (A) showed excellent adhesion on PET, and Ink (B) had moderate adhesion on PET without corona or plasma pre-treatments, but both inks adhered weakly on PPO compound. Both corona and plasma treatments raised adhesion of these two inks on all test substrates to the highest classification value, 5B. Originality/value This paper contains a survey and preliminary testing of the pad printing of polymeric silver ink conductors on flexible thermoplastic foils. Finally, the paper introduces the advantages and drawbacks of the technique.

Preparation of an associative thickener for digital printing of nylon carpet

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Chang-E Zhou ◽  
Haidan Niu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Huixia Li ◽  
Chi Wai Kan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Digital Printing ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Cationic Starch ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Associative Thickener ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to prepare an associative thickener base on two polyacrylate-based copolymers, which can be used for digital printing of nylon carpet with enhanced performance. Design/methodology/approach An associative thickener was prepared by compounding two polyacrylate-based copolymers, cationic starch and polyacrylic acid; and mediated by polyethylene glycol and polyacrylamide crosslinker. The formulation of the associative thickener was optimized by using the orthogonal array testing strategy. The stability of the associative thickener was investigated by measuring effects of temperature, electrolytes, storage time and auxiliaries on viscosity. The associative thickener was compared with a commercial thickener by evaluating their performance in digital printing of nylon carpet. Findings The associative thickener provided same color strength and fastness in the printing of nylon carpet as the commercial one, but was more easily washed off for a better hand feeling of the printed carpet. Practical implications The prepared associative thickener can be applied for digital printing of nylon carpet. Originality/value The associative thickener can be facilely prepared from commercially available chemicals and suitable for digital printing of nylon carpet.

scholarly journals Structural characterization of inkjet printed capacitor layers in various technological conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-240
Author(s):  
Milena Kiliszkiewicz ◽  
Dariusz Przybylski ◽  
Jan Felba ◽  
Ryszard Korbutowicz
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Substrate Preparation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dielectric Layers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dielectric Structures ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the individual steps during the printing of capacitor structures. The method of substrate preparation, the obtained roughness of conductive and dielectric layers are examined. Moreover, the capacitances of the obtained capacitors were examined. Design/methodology/approach Surface roughness and microscopic analysis were used to assess the quality of printed conductive structures. Two criteria were used to assess the quality of printed dielectric structures: the necessary lack of discontinuity of layers and minimal roughness. To determine the importance of printing parameters, a draft experimental method was proposed. Findings The optimal way to clean the substrate has been determined. The most important parameters for the dielectric layer (i.e. drop-space, table temperature, curing time and temperature) were found. Research limitations/implications If dielectric layers are printed correctly, most problems with printing complex electronic structures (transistors, capacitors) will be eliminated. Practical implications The tests performed identified the most important factors for dielectric layers. Using them, capacitors of repeatable capacity were printed. Originality/value In the literature on this subject, no factors were found which were responsible for obtaining homogeneous dielectric layers.

Drops forming in inkjet printing of flexible electronic circuits

Circuit World ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Tomaszewski ◽  
Jerzy Potencki
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Drop Formation ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Nanoparticle Ink ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to study drop formation in piezoelectric industrial printheads during the inkjet printing processes. It presents how the piezoelectric printhead forms drops of nanoparticle ink and how the problems with different values of drop parameters may influence the printed pattern’ defects and quality. Design/methodology/approach A piezoelectric printhead with 128 nozzles was activated to operate in a controlled manner, and the droplets ejected from the nozzles were observed during falling and analysed in the printview system. The effect of varying the values of drop parameters on print quality and pattern defects has been analysed and discussed. Findings The obtained results allow the identification of the sources of the technological problems in obtaining repeatable performance drops with the desired properties, and indicate the importance of choosing the appropriate individually chosen strategy of controlling the printing for each individual application to get good-quality and free-from-defects patterns. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research method (arbitrary selected printhead type and ink manufacturer), this study could have limited universality. Authors encourage the study of other kinds of piezoelectric heads or other conductive inks. Practical implications This study includes practically useful applications for users to improve the inkjet print quality. Originality/value This study presents results of original empirical research works on problems of the drops forming in the inkjet printing process, and finally, it identifies problems that must be resolved to disseminate this technology.

Influence of screen printing parameters on the front metallic electrodes geometry of solar cells

Circuit World ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Drabczyk ◽  
Piotr Panek
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Front Electrode ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Screen Printed ◽  
Metallic Electrodes

Purpose – The paper aims to present results of investigations carried out on the front electrode of the solar cell. The front-side electrode for solar cells based on crystalline material is obtained by the screen printing method. Screen printing has been the prevailing method of electrode deposition because of its low cost. One of the ways to improve the cell efficiency and reduce the production costs is a further refinement of the metal electrode screen printing process. Design/methodology/approach – The researches were focused on the modification of mechanical parameters of screen printing process to ensure the best possible cross-section of the front electrode geometry. The main printing process parameters were constant, however, the print speed was variable. The obtained fine line of front contact was characterized morphologically – the dimension and geometry of the front contact cross-section – by scanning electron microscopy technique. Findings – The thin paths of 100 μm in width were screen printed applying a new silver-paste made by Du Pont. The printing speed has significant effect on print quality in the way that the lower speed enhanced the printed results. Research limitations/implications – For newest pastes (e.g. PV17D) influence of screen printing parameters on the front metallic electrodes geometry of solar cell is not so significant. Presented screen printing process can still give good results, but the further optimization for the new paste must be performed to achieve better cross-section geometry. Originality/value – This paper confirms that one-step screen printing process can still give good results. The screen printed thin paths of 100 μm in width have good cross-section aspect ratio.

Sustainable antibacterial printing of cellulosic fabrics using an indigenous chitosan-based thickener with distinct natural dyes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Raza ◽  
Faiza Anwar ◽  
Sharjeel Abid
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polymeric Blends ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeChitosan is widely considered as a natural polymer and a diverse finish to impart antibacterial property and enhanced dye uptake of textiles. Herein, the authors have investigated the feasibility of using chitosan/starch blend as a thickener in screen printing of cellulosic fabrics with some natural dyes.Design/methodology/approachThe polymeric blend of chitosan/starch was prepared and used as a thickener for screen printing with three natural dye extracts, namely, Curcuma tinctoria (turmeric), Beta vulgaris (beet) roots and Lawsonia alba (henna) leaves on cellulosic fabrics like cotton and viscose. The viscosity and rheological properties of print paste as a fresh and after overnight shelving were examined. The influence of polymeric blends on cellulosic fabrics' print properties was inspected by determining their colorfastness, rubbing fastness, tensile strength and antibacterial activity.FindingsThe results depicted that chitosan/starch blend as printing thickener increased the shade depth with good wet and dry rubbing fastness for all the test natural dyes. The antibacterial activity of resultant printed cellulosic fabrics was found to be satisfactory against broad-spectrum bacterial strains.Practical implicationsThis study's outcome is the development of chitosan blend thickeners to print the cellulosic fabrics with indigenous natural dyes.Originality/valueThe authors found no previous report on the synthesis of chitosan-based antibacterial blend thickeners with three distinct natural dyes and their application in screen printing of native and regenerated cellulosic fabrics of cotton and viscose, respectively.

Packing density of inkjet printed paths

Circuit World ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Tomaszewski ◽  
Jerzy Potencki ◽  
Tadeusz Wałach
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Polymer Substrates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Silver Ink ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to study the packing density of printed paths on different substrate materials. It presents problems which appear when the necessity of printing one or more narrow paths occurs. Design/methodology/approach A piezoelectric printhead containing nozzles with a diameter of 35 µm was used for printing nanoparticle silver ink on different polymer substrates which were treated by plasma or not treated at all. The shape, defects, resistance and printing parameters for the printed paths were analysed. Findings The obtained results allow the identification of the sources of the technological problems in obtaining a high packing density of the paths in a small area of substrate and the repeatable prints. Research limitations/implications The study could have limited universality because of the chosen research method; printhead, ink, substrate materials and process parameters were arbitrarily selected. The authors encourage the study of other kinds of conductive inks, treatment methods and printing process parameters. Practical implications The study includes practically useful information about widths, shapes, defects and the resistance of the paths printed using different technological parameters. Originality/value The study presents the results of original empirical research on problems of the packing density of inkjet printed paths on a small area of substrate and identifies problems that must be resolved to obtain effective interconnections in the inkjet technology.

Inkjet printed microwave circuits on flexible substrates using heterophase graphene based inks

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Futera ◽  
Konrad Kielbasinski ◽  
Anna Młozniak ◽  
Malgorzata Jakubowska
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Microwave Circuits ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Flexible Substrates ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printed Circuits ◽  
Printing Technique ◽  
Inkjet Printers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the result of research on a new fabrication technology of printed circuits board and electronics modules. The new method is based on inkjet printing technique on flexible substrates using new generations of heterophase inks. New fabrications method was used to print microwave waveguides and signal splitters as new technology demonstrators. Design/methodology/approach – A fully Inkjet printed filter was printed on a flexible, transparent Kapton foil using heterophase inks developed in Instytut Technologii Materiałów Elektronicznych (ITME) for the purpose of this research based on graphene and silver nanoparticles. Findings – A microwave module was printed using two types of Inkjet printers – PixDro LP50 with KonicaMinolta 512 printhead – and developed in an Instytut Tele- i Radiotechniczny (ITR) laboratory printer using MicroDrop a 100-μm glass nozzle printhead. Fully printed microwave circuits were evaluated by their print quality and electrical properties. Originality/value – Fully Inkjet printed microwave circuits using the heterophase graphene ink were evaluated by their print quality and electrical properties.

Consumer value creation through WhatsApp use

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-471
Author(s):  
Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas ◽  
Jorge Guadalupe-Lanas ◽  
Ekaterina Zabelina ◽  
Andrés Palacio-Fierro ◽  
Margarita Velín-Fárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand in-depth how consumers create value in their lives using WhatsApp, the leading mobile instant messaging (MIM) application. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the perspective of customer-dominant logic (CDL) and uses a qualitative multimethod design involving 3 focus groups and 25 subsequent in-depth interviews. The research setting was Ecuador, a Latin American country. Findings Analysis and interpretation of the participants’ stories made it possible to identify and understand the creation of four types of value: maintaining and strengthening relationships; improving role performance; emotional support; and entertainment and fun. In addition, the present study proposes a conceptual model of consumer value creation as it applies to MIM. Practical implications Understanding the way consumers create value in their lives using MIM is important not only for organizations that offer MIM applications, but also for those companies that develop other applications for mobile phones or for those who wish to use MIM as an electronic word-of-mouth vehicle. Originality/value The current study is one of the first to address the topic of consumer behavior in the use of technologies from the perspective of CDL; this perspective enables an integrated qualitative vision of value creation in which the consumer is the protagonist.

scholarly journals Advantages and potential challenges of data management in e-maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arian Razmi-Farooji ◽  
Hanna Kropsu-Vehkaperä ◽  
Janne Härkönen ◽  
Harri Haapasalo
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Maintenance Systems ◽  
Industry Leader ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to understand data management challenges in e-maintenance systems from a holistically viewpoint through summarizing the earlier scattered research in the field, and second, to present a conceptual approach for addressing these challenges in practice. Design/methodology/approach The study is realized as a combination of a literature review and by the means of analyzing the practices on an industry leader in manufacturing and maintenance services. Findings This research provides a general understanding over data management challenges in e-maintenance and summarizes their associated proposed solutions. In addition, this paper lists and exemplifies different types and sources of data which can be collected in e-maintenance, across different organizational levels. Analyzing the data management practices of an e-maintenance industry leader provides a conceptual approach to address identified challenges in practice. Research limitations/implications Since this paper is based on studying the practices of a single company, it might be limited to generalize the results. Future research topics can focus on each of mentioned data management challenges and also validate the applicability of presented model in other companies and industries. Practical implications Understanding the e-maintenance-related challenges helps maintenance managers and other involved stakeholders in e-maintenance systems to better solve the challenges. Originality/value The so-far literature on e-maintenance has been studied with narrow focus to data and data management in e-maintenance appears as one of the less studied topics in the literature. This research paper contributes to e-maintenance by highlighting the deficiencies of the discussion surrounding the perspectives of data management in e-maintenance by studying all common data management challenges and listing different types of data which need to be acquired in e-maintenance systems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document