Comparison of the usage of fines and PCC pigment in handsheets

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Engin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Pulp Consistency ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Paper Filler

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the influences of fines and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) pigment and their contents on the fundamental properties of handsheets and also evaluate these results in terms of mechanical and chemical data. Design/methodology/approach A design research approach has been based on the production of various laboratory handmade papers. Any of the paper additives were not added to the paper web to compare the results of the effects of fines and PCC pigment in a literal way. For this purpose, the target grammages of handsheets and the production variables such as pulp consistency, temperature and other variables of formation, pressing and drying processes were kept constant and studied meticulously. Findings This study is confirmed that with the addition of fines to the pulp of the control handsheets, an increase of up to 125% has been observed in the tensile index values, while a decrease of up to 30% has been observed with the addition of PCC pigment as filler. The tensile results have been changed depending on the pulp content and hence chemical bonds formed in the paper web. These mechanical changes have been explained by correlating with the data of FT-IR spectrums. Especially, the variations have been seen at 950–1150 cm−1, which referring to C-OH and C-O-C stretching vibrations. Originality/value The originality of this work is based on understanding and comparing the effects of fines and the effect of PCC pigment as a paper filler on the structural and chemical characteristics of laboratory-made handsheets.

The effects of coating colours on base papers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Engin ◽  
Sinan Sönmez ◽  
Öznur Özden
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Free Base ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Coating Colour ◽  
Tear Resistance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of coating colours and their contents on the fundamental properties of base papers and also evaluate these results in terms of mechanical and wood-free papers. Design/methodology/approach A design research approach has been based on the application of various coating colours and analysis of mechanical and optical tests results of the coated mechanical and wood-free base papers. Findings This study is confirmed that the coating colours can be easily applied to the surface of the papers. The experimental data have revealed that significant improvements exist in the values of tear resistance (strength), brightness and opacity of the mechanical base papers, especially by the application of the coating colours including kaolin pigment. The results show that mechanical papers can also be used in areas with high brightness expectations by applying coating colour. Originality/value The originality of this work is based on understanding and comparing the effects of applying similar coating formulations on mechanical and wood-free base papers.

An investigation of the tensile characteristics of printed handsheets

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Engin ◽  
Sinan Sönmez ◽  
Mustafa Batuhan Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Short Fibre ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Structural Tests

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of fibre lengths and a given range of paper grammages on the fundamental properties of unprinted and printed papers by using mineral oil-based offset printing inks and also evaluate these results in terms of printing and tensile characteristics. Design/methodology/approach A design research approach has been based on the production of various laboratory handmade papers and their printing process with mineral oil-based offset printing inks. The analysis of mechanical and structural tests results of the unprinted and the printed papers have been evaluated. Findings This study is confirmed that the mineral oil-based offset printing inks can be easily applied to the surface of papers having different grammages and pulp contents. An increase was observed in the tensile index values of the papers with the printing process, and these increases were more evident (about 80%) particularly in low grammage papers having high short fibre content. Originality/value The originality of this work is based on understanding and comparing the effects of grammage and the effect of pulp contents (having long and short fibre) on tensile characteristics of printed and unprinted handsheets.

Contesting the dominant narrative: expanding the multistory cultural change approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Martijn van Ooijen ◽  
Antonie van Nistelrooij ◽  
Marcel Veenswijk
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Change Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Organizational Field ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to expand the theory on multistory cultural change by showing how a dominant narrative on construction safety dynamically interrelates and is contested on multiple intertextual levels in an organizational field of organizations contributing to the recovery of houses in an earthquake region.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnoventionist research approach was adopted in which interpretation of data to find narratives and designing interventions went hand-in-hand.FindingsWe found four distinctive composite narratives besides the dominant narrative to which five actors refer in their accounts, thereby contributing to three types of story patterns. These narratives disclose the taken-for-granted ideas and beliefs that characterize the challenge of changing organizational culture. One intervention, which intended multiple stories to touch the surface, was highlighted as a multistory intervention.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research could extend the knowledge on other change interventions that contribute to multistory cultural change processes.Originality/valueAdopting an ethnoventionist approach to provide deep insights on an unfolding cultural change process for both scholars and practitioners.

Intricacies of back-office

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Yli-Kauhaluoma ◽  
Mika Pantzar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Service Staff ◽  
Office Environments ◽  
Back Office ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how back-office service staff cope with the intricacies of administrative work. Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies the research approach of “at-home ethnography” in a university back-office. The primary method of data collection was participant listening in the field, either in formal interviews or casual conversations. Photography helped the authors to zoom the conversation in to specific artefacts in administrative offices. Findings – The study identifies both forward- and backward-looking recipes as essential administrative tools that back-office staff develop and use to handle intricacies that emerge in their daily work. Forward-looking recipes are based on anticipatory cognitive representations, whereas backward-looking recipes are based on experiential wisdom. The study elaborates on the different kinds of modelling practices that back-office service staff engage in while building and applying these two different kinds of recipes. Practical implications – The recipes support administrators in knowledge replication and thus help avoid interruptions, reduce uncertainty, and produce consistency in administrative processes. Originality/value – In contrast to existing studies of formal bureaucracies, the study provides a unique empirical account to show how back-office service staff cope with the multiple intricacies existing in current office environments. The study shows how recipes as models contribute to stabilizing or even routinizing work processes in complex administrative situations.

Sensor e-textiles: person centered co-design for people with late stage dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Treadaway ◽  
Gail Kenning
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Grounded Practical Theory ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present design research investigating the development of sensory textiles with embedded electronics to support the wellbeing of people with late stage dementia in residential care. Design/methodology/approach – The research presented is qualitative and uses a mixed method approach informed by grounded practical theory and positive design methodologies. It uses an inclusive and participatory co-design process involving people with dementia and their families with an interdisciplinary team of experts. Findings – Both the co-design process and the artefacts developed have been beneficial in supporting wellbeing. The textile artefacts have been found to soothe, distract and comfort people with dementia. They have also been shown to facilitate in the moment conversational bridges between family members and carers with persons with dementia. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on a small cohort of participants, observational reports and descriptive accounts from family members and carers. Practical implications – The paper proposes ways in which simple hand-crafted textiles can be used beneficially to support the wellbeing of people with late stage dementia. It provides examples of how technology can be used to personalise and extend the sensory properties of the artefacts created. Social implications – It promotes an inclusive co-design methodology involving care professionals, carers and people with dementia with designers and technologists. Originality/value – The paper describes new ways of extending sensory properties of textiles through the integration of technology.

Employee's lying behavior and the role of self-awareness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Chang ◽  
Sylvain Max ◽  
Jérémy Celse
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Employee’s lying behavior has become ubiquitous at work, and managers are keen to know what can be done to curb such behavior. Managers often apply anti-lying strategies in their management and, in particular, the role of self-awareness on lying intervention has drawn academic attention recently. Drawing on multi-disciplinary literature, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of self-awareness in reducing lying behavior. Design/methodology/approach Following the perspectives of positivism and deductive reasoning, a quasi-experimental research approach was adopted. Employees from Dijon, France were recruited as research participants. Based on the literature, different conditions (scenario manipulation) were designed and implemented in the laboratory, in which participants were exposed to pre-set lying opportunities and their responses were analyzed accordingly. Findings Unlike prior studies which praised the merits of self-awareness, the authors found that self-awareness did not decrease lying behavior, not encouraging the confession of lying either. Employees actually lied more when they believed other employees were lying. Practical implications This study suggests managers not to rely on employee’s self-awareness; rather, the concept of self-awareness should be incorporated into the work ethics, and managers should schedule regular workshops to keep employees informed of the importance of ethics. When employees are regularly reminded of the ethics and appreciate its importance, their intention of lying is more likely to decrease. Originality/value To the best of the atuhors’ knowledge, the current research is the first in its kind to investigate lying intervention of employees in the laboratory setting. Research findings have brought new insights into the lying intervention literature, which has important implication on the implementation of anti-lying strategies.

scholarly journals Participatory design of healthcare technology with children

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Tara Sims
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Upper Limb Prostheses ◽  
Sociocultural Approach ◽  
Design Skills

Purpose There are many frameworks and methods for involving children in design research. Human-Computer Interaction provides rich methods for involving children when designing technologies. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This paper examines various approaches to involving children in design, considering whether users view children as study objects or active participants. Findings The BRIDGE method is a sociocultural approach to product design that views children as active participants, enabling them to contribute to the design process as competent and resourceful partners. An example is provided, in which BRIDGE was successfully applied to developing upper limb prostheses with children. Originality/value Approaching design in this way can provide children with opportunities to develop social, academic and design skills and to develop autonomy.

Sentiment classification of Chinese cosmetic reviews based on integration of collocations and concepts

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Chihli Hung ◽  
You-Xin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Sentiment Classification ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modelling Approach

Purpose This paper aims to propose a novel approach which integrates collocations and domain concepts for Chinese cosmetic word of mouth (WOM) sentiment classification. Most sentiment analysis works by collecting sentiment scores from each unigram or bigram. However, not every unigram or bigram in a WOM document contains sentiments. Chinese collocations consist of the main sentiments of WOM. This paper reduces the complexity of the document dimensionality and makes an improvement for sentiment classification. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds two contextual lexicons for feature words and sentiment words, respectively. Based on these contextual lexicons, this paper uses the techniques of associated rules and mutual information to build possible Chinese collocation sets. This paper applies preference vector modelling as the vector representation approach to catch the relationship between Chinese collocations and their associated concepts. Findings This paper compares the proposed preference vector models with benchmarks, using three classification techniques (i.e. support vector machine, J48 decision tree and multilayer perceptron). According to the experimental results, the proposed models outperform all benchmarks evaluated by the criterion of accuracy. Originality/value This paper focuses on Chinese collocations and proposes a novel research approach for sentiment classification. The Chinese collocations used in this paper are adaptable to the content and domains. Finally, this paper integrates collocations with the preference vector modelling approach, which not only achieves a better sentiment classification performance for Chinese WOM documents but also avoids the curse of dimensionality.

scholarly journals Collaborative configurations of tourism development: a Greenlandic example

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Daniela Chimirri
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Collaborative Activities

Purpose While tourism scholars have increasingly recognized the significance of collaboration as an essential element in tourism development, there is a lack of theoretical and empirical research centering on (trans)local collaboration as a central means for future tourism development in Greenland. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the conceptual and analytic potentials and challenges of collaboration in an explorative case study. Design/methodology/approach The paper applies a case study approach to scrutinize collaboration in the setting of a tourism workshop in South Greenland. This research approach is exploratory in nature and focuses on collaborative activities among participants from different research institutions and countries, from Campus Kujalleq in Qaqortoq, from small-scale enterprises and businesses, managers of destination marketing organizations and local fishermen. Findings Four “collaborative configurations” emerged during the workshop. These inspire and challenge ways of (re)conceptualizing collaborative tourism development in South Greenland and call for the reconsideration of the present approach toward tourism development for shaping new possible future(s) of tourism in the Greenlandic context. Originality/value The relevance of this paper emerges from the crucial significance that tourism actors in Greenland credit collaboration. Moreover, by approaching development issues from within and mutually developing possible practice solutions through collaboration with local tourism actors, the paper aims to give voice to the local community, which currently is lacking in the debate on tourism development in Greenland.

A visual tool for identity communication strategy

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 831-854
Author(s):  
Dina Elikan ◽  
Yves Pigneur
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Science ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Design Science Research ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Visual Tool ◽  
Scientific Approach

Purpose Being able to communicate a clear identity to different stakeholders is crucial for SMEs and startups in today’s world, which is characterised by accelerated innovation, growing competition and increasingly connected consumers. However, this can be a complex task for small organisations. The purpose of this paper is to propose a visual tool that supports entrepreneurs in SMEs and startups to collaboratively develop their identity communication strategy. Design/methodology/approach The paper follows a design science research approach. The authors propose the design of a tool as well as some preliminary qualitative evaluations. The authors conducted three iterations between design and evaluation, where the results of the evaluations are implemented in the design. Findings The authors demonstrate how to design strategic tools for allowing teams to co-design their identity communication strategy and present the tool. The authors also evaluate its use and find out through the preliminary evaluations that it could be easy to use and useful for practitioners. Originality/value The originality of this paper lays in the novelty of the tool and its development. Such a tool addressing identity communication strategy has not been developed with a scientific approach until now.

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