High performance thermoplastic polymer for the compressive behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced composites

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankang Liu ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Kink Band ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Forming Temperature

Purpose This paper aims to study the effect of elevated temperature on the compression behaviour of carbon fibre polyphenylene sulphide (CF/PPS) laminates notched and unnotched specimens made by film stacking method (FSM). Design/methodology/approach The surface of CF was coated with a silane coupling agent to form an effective transition layer with PPS, so as to enhance the interfacial interaction between CF and PPS. Considering the influence of fabrication pressure, forming temperature and cooling rate on the properties of laminates to obtain a reasonable preparation process. Conducting a compressive experiment of notched and unnotched specimens at different temperatures, which failure modes were examined by scanning electron microscope and stereo microscope. Findings The experimental observations highlight that with the increase of temperature, the transition failure mode from fibre broken to kink-band appeared in unnotched specimens, which were closely attributed to the matrix state. The notched specimens appeared more complex failure mode, which can be attributed to the joint effect of temperature and opening hole. Research implications A simple way of FSM for composite material laminates has been developed by using woven CF and PPS films. Originality/value The outcome of this study will help to understand the compression response mechanism of composite materials made by FSM at different temperature.

Fuzzy risk assessment for electro-optical target tracker

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumen Kumar Roy ◽  
A K Sarkar ◽  
Biswajit Mahanty
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Membership Functions ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Criticality Analysis

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evolve a guideline for scientists and development engineers to the failure behavior of electro-optical target tracker system (EOTTS) using fuzzy methodology leading to success of short-range homing guided missile (SRHGM) in which this critical subsystems is exploited. Design/methodology/approach – Technology index (TI) and fuzzy failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) are used to build an integrated framework to facilitate the system technology assessment and failure modes. Failure mode analysis is carried out for the system using data gathered from technical experts involved in design and realization of the EOTTS. In order to circumvent the limitations of the traditional failure mode effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), fuzzy FMCEA is adopted for the prioritization of the risks. FMEA parameters – severity, occurrence and detection are fuzzifed with suitable membership functions. These membership functions are used to define failure modes. Open source linear programming solver is used to solve linear equations. Findings – It is found that EOTTS has the highest TI among the major technologies used in the SRHGM. Fuzzy risk priority numbers (FRPN) for all important failure modes of the EOTTS are calculated and the failure modes are ranked to arrive at important monitoring points during design and development of the weapon system. Originality/value – This paper integrates the use of TI, fuzzy logic and experts’ database with FMEA toward assisting the scientists and engineers while conducting failure mode and effect analysis to prioritize failures toward taking corrective measure during the design and development of EOTTS.

Failure mode, effects and criticality analysis improvement by using new criticality assessment and prioritization based approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Chakhrit ◽  
Mohammed Chennoufi
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Criticality Analysis

Purpose This paper aims to enable the analysts of reliability and safety system to assess the criticality and prioritize failure modes perfectly to prefer actions for controlling the risks of undesirable scenarios. Design/methodology/approach To resolve the challenge of uncertainty and ambiguous related to the parameters, frequency, non-detection and severity considered in the traditional approach failure mode effect and criticality analysis (FMECA) for risk evaluation, the authors used fuzzy logic where these parameters are shown as members of a fuzzy set, which fuzzified by using appropriate membership functions. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system process is suggested as a dynamic, intelligently chosen model to ameliorate and validate the results obtained by the fuzzy inference system and effectively predict the criticality evaluation of failure modes. A new hybrid model is proposed that combines the grey relational approach and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to improve the exploitation of the FMECA conventional method. Findings This research project aims to reflect the real case study of the gas turbine system. Using this analysis allows evaluating the criticality effectively and provides an alternate prioritizing to that obtained by the conventional method. The obtained results show that the integration of two multi-criteria decision methods and incorporating their results enable to instill confidence in decision-makers regarding the criticality prioritizations of failure modes and the shortcoming concerning the lack of established rules of inference system which necessitate a lot of experience and shows the weightage or importance to the three parameters severity, detection and frequency, which are considered to have equal importance in the traditional method. Originality/value This paper is providing encouraging results regarding the risk evaluation and prioritizing failures mode and decision-makers guidance to refine the relevance of decision-making to reduce the probability of occurrence and the severity of the undesirable scenarios with handling different forms of ambiguity, uncertainty and divergent judgments of experts.

Benchmarking the risk assessment in green supply chain using fuzzy approach to FMEA

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 2660-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Kumar Mangla ◽  
Sunil Luthra ◽  
Suresh Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Fmea Analysis

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to facilitate green supply chain (GSC) managers and planners to model and access GSC risks and probable failures. This paper proposes to use the fuzzy failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) approach for assessing the risks associated with GSC for benchmarking the performance in terms of effective GSC management adoption and sustainable production.Design/methodology/approachInitially, different failure modes are defined using FMEA analysis, and in order to decide the risk priority, the risk priority number (RPN) is determined. Such priority numbers are typically acquired from the judgment decisions of experts that could contain the element of vagueness and imperfection due to human biases, and it may lead to inaccuracy in the process of risk assessment in GSC. In this study, fuzzy logic is applied to conventional FMEA to overcome the issues in assigning RPNs. A plastic manufacturer GSC case exemplar of the proposed model is illustrated to present the authenticity of this method of risk assessment.FindingsResults indicate that the failure modes, given as improper green operating procedure, i.e. process, operations, etc. (R6), and green issues while closing the loop of GSC (R14) hold the highest RPN and FRPN scores in classical as well as fuzzy FMEA analysis.Originality/valueThe present research work attempts to propose an evaluation framework for risk assessment in GSC. This paper explores both sustainable developments and risks related to efficient management of GSC initiatives in a plastic industry supply chain context. From a managerial perspective, suggestions are also provided with respect to each failure mode.

Cost consequence of failure in failure mode and effect analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1318-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Guinot ◽  
John W. Sinn ◽  
M. Affan Badar ◽  
Jeffrey M. Ulmer
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Automotive Application ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cost Consequence

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of including the cost consequence of failure in the a priori risk assessment methodology known as failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). Design/methodology/approach A model of the standard costs that are incurred when an electronic control module in an automotive application fails in service was developed. These costs were related to the Design FMEA ranking of the level of severity of the failure mode and the probability of its occurrence. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to establish the average costs expected for each level of severity at each level of occurrence. The results were aggregated using fuzzy utility sets into a nine-point ordinal scale of cost consequence. The criterion validity of this scale was assessed with warranty cost data derived from a case study. Findings It was found that the model slightly underestimated the warranty costs that accrued, but the fit could be improved with adjustments dictated by actual usage conditions. Research limitations/implications Cost data used in the simulations were derived from government and academic surveys, analyses, and estimates of the manufacturing cost structure; and nominal costs for various quality issues experienced by Tier 2 automotive electronics supplier. Specificity is lacking. The sample size and the type of the failure modes used to validate the model are constrained by the number and type of products which have had demonstrable performance concerns over the past three years, with cost data available to the authors. The power of the validation is limited. The validation is considered a screening assessment. Practical implications This work relates the characterization of risk with its potential cost and develops a scaling instrument to allow the incorporation of cost consequence into an FMEA. Originality/value A ranking scale was developed that related severity and occurrence rank scores to a cost consequence rank that keys to a cost of quality figure (given as percent of sales) that would accompany a realization of the failure mode.

A hybrid risk prioritization approach in construction projects using failure mode and effective analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2661-2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirhossein Karamoozian ◽  
Desheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Prioritization ◽  
Fuzzy Fmea ◽  
Fmea Method ◽  
Effective Analysis

PurposeConstruction projects involve with various risks during all phases of project lifecycle. Failure mode and effective analysis (FMEA) is a useful tool for identifying and eliminating possible risk of failure modes (FMs) and improving the reliability and safety of systems in a broad range of industries. The traditional FMEA method applies risk priority number method (RPN) to calculate risk of FMs. RPN method cannot consider the direct and indirect interdependencies between the FMs and is not appropriate for complex system with numerous components. The purpose of this study is to propose an approach to consider interdependencies between FMs and also using fuzzy theory to consider uncertainties in experts' judgments.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed approach consist of three stages: the first stage of hybrid model used fuzzy FMEA method to identify the failure mode risks and derive the RPN values. The second stage applied Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) method to determine the interdependencies between the FMs which are defined through fuzzy FMEA. Then, analytic network process (ANP) is applied in the third stage to calculate the weights of FMs based on the interdependencies that are generated through FDEMATEL method. Finally, weight of FMs through fuzzy FMEA and FDEMATEL–ANP are multiplied to generate the final weights for prioritization. Afterward, a case study for a commercial building project is introduced to illustrate proficiency of model.FindingsThe results showed that the suggested approach could reveal the important FMs and specify the interdependencies between them successfully. Overall, the suggested model can be considered as an efficient hybrid FMEA approach for risk prioritization.Originality/valueThe originality of approach comes from its ability to consider interdependencies between FMs and uncertainties of experts' judgments.

Dynamic prioritization of equipment and critical failure modes

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1913-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamadreza Mahmoudi ◽  
Hannan Amoozad Mahdiraji ◽  
Ahmad Jafarnejad ◽  
Hossein Safari
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Aggregation Operator ◽  
Power Weight ◽  
Equipment Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Prioritization ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Interval Valued

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify critical equipment by dynamically ranking them in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) circumstances. Accordingly, the main drawbacks of the conventional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) are eliminated. To this end, the authors have presented the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy condition-based dynamic weighing method (IVIF-CBDW). Design/methodology/approach To realize the objective, the authors used the IVIF power weight Heronian aggregation operator to integrate the data extracted from the experts’ opinions. Moreover, the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) method is applied to rank the choices and the IVIF-CBDW method to create dynamic weights appropriate to the conditions of each equipment/failure mode. The authors proposed a robust FMEA model where the main drawbacks of the conventional risk prioritization number were eliminated. Findings To prove its applicability, this model was used in a case study to rank the equipment of a HL5000 crane barge. Finally, the results are compared with the traditional FMEA methods. It is indicated that the proposed model is much more flexible and provides more rational results. Originality/value In this paper, the authors have improved and used the IVIF power weight Heronian aggregation operator to integrate information. Furthermore, to dynamically weigh each equipment (failure mode), they presented the IVIF-CBDW method to determine the weight of each equipment (failure mode) based on its equipment conditions in the O, S and D criteria and provide the basis for the calculation. IVIF-CBDW method is presented in this study for the first time. Moreover, the MABAC method has been performed, to rank the equipment and failure mode. To analyze the information, the authors encoded the model presented in the robust MATLAB software and used it in a real sample of the HL5000 crane barge. Finally, to evaluate the reliability of the model presented in the risk ranking and its rationality, this model was compared with the conventional FMEA, fuzzy TOPSIS method, the method of Liu and the modified method of Liu.

scholarly journals An Overview of Impregnation Methods for Carbon Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics

2017 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Köhler ◽  
Tim Röding ◽  
Thomas Gries ◽  
Gunnar Seide
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fibre Production ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Carbon Fibres ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Thermoplastic Matrix ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Thermoplastics

Carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRPs) can be classified according to whether the matrix is a thermoset or a thermoplastic. Thermoset-matrix composites are by tradition far more common, but thermoplastic-matrix composites are gaining in importance. There are several techniques for combining carbon fibres with a thermoplastic-matrix system. The composite’s characteristics as well as its manufacturing costs are dependent on the impregnation technique of the carbon fibre and the textile structure respectively. Carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs) are suitable for fast and economic production of high-performance components. Despite the higher material costs thermoplastic-matrix systems show cost benefits in comparison to thermoset-matrix due to substantial time savings in the production process. Moreover CFRTPs can be manufactured in large production runs. The commingling of reinforcement fibres with matrix fibres is a well-established process. Another approach is the coating of the carbon fibre with a thermoplastic subsequent to the carbon fibre production (carbonization, activation and deposition of sizing). The latter point is currently subject of research and is a promising method for further increasing the production speed. This paper presents the different possibilities of impregnating carbon fibres with a thermoplastic matrix. Diverse technologies along the process chain of the CFRTP production will be discussed.

Use of failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) to improve medication management process

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Jain
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Medication Management ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Mode Effect ◽  
Corrective Actions ◽  
Failure Mode Effect Analysis

Purpose Medication management is a complex process, at high risk of error with life threatening consequences. The focus should be on devising strategies to avoid errors and make the process self-reliable by ensuring prevention of errors and/or error detection at subsequent stages. The purpose of this paper is to use failure mode effect analysis (FMEA), a systematic proactive tool, to identify the likelihood and the causes for the process to fail at various steps and prioritise them to devise risk reduction strategies to improve patient safety. Design/methodology/approach The study was designed as an observational analytical study of medication management process in the inpatient area of a multi-speciality hospital in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. A team was made to study the complex process of medication management in the hospital. FMEA tool was used. Corrective actions were developed based on the prioritised failure modes which were implemented and monitored. Findings The percentage distribution of medication errors as per the observation made by the team was found to be maximum of transcription errors (37 per cent) followed by administration errors (29 per cent) indicating the need to identify the causes and effects of their occurrence. In all, 11 failure modes were identified out of which major five were prioritised based on the risk priority number (RPN). The process was repeated after corrective actions were taken which resulted in about 40 per cent (average) and around 60 per cent reduction in the RPN of prioritised failure modes. Research limitations/implications FMEA is a time consuming process and requires a multidisciplinary team which has good understanding of the process being analysed. FMEA only helps in identifying the possibilities of a process to fail, it does not eliminate them, additional efforts are required to develop action plans and implement them. Frank discussion and agreement among the team members is required not only for successfully conducing FMEA but also for implementing the corrective actions. Practical implications FMEA is an effective proactive risk-assessment tool and is a continuous process which can be continued in phases. The corrective actions taken resulted in reduction in RPN, subjected to further evaluation and usage by others depending on the facility type. Originality/value The application of the tool helped the hospital in identifying failures in medication management process, thereby prioritising and correcting them leading to improvement.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic Fatigue Framework to Enable Location-Specific Lifing for Critical Thermo-mechanical Engineering Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritwik Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Michael D. Sangid
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Fatigue Crack Initiation ◽  
Strain Range ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bayesian Inference Framework ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractThe present paper describes a probabilistic framework to predict the fatigue life and failure mode under various thermo-mechanical loading conditions. Specifically, inclusion- and matrix-driven competing failure modes are examined within nickel-based superalloys. The critical accumulated plastic strain energy density (APSED) is employed as a unified metric to predict fatigue crack initiation in metals, which is favorable due to the usage of a single unknown parameter and its capability to predict failure across loading conditions and failure modes. In this research, we characterize the temperature-dependent variation of the critical APSED using a Bayesian inference framework and predict the competing failure modes in a coarse grain variant of RR1000 with varying strain range and temperature. The critical APSED appears to decrease along a vertically reflected sigmoidal curve with increasing temperature. Further, (a) the prediction of a failure mode, (b) failure mode associated with the minimum life, and (c) the change in the location associated with the matrix-driven failure mode with increasing temperature and decreasing strain range are consistent with the experimentally observed trends in RR1000, as well as other Nickel-based superalloys, documented in the literature. Finally, for each simulated loading condition, the uncertainty in the fatigue life is quantified as a prediction interval computed based on a $$95\%$$ 95 % confidence level of the critical APSED and the computed APSED from simulations. The overall framework provides a promising step towards microstructural-based fatigue life determination of components and enables a location-specific lifing approach.

scholarly journals Structural behaviour of reinforced high performance concrete frames subjected to monotonic lateral loading.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ehsani Yeganeh
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Lateral Loading ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Crack Control ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Energy Absorbing

This thesis describes the structural performance of reinforced one storey flexural and shear-critical frames made of high performance concretes (HPCs) such as: self-consolidating concrete (SCC), engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) subjected to monotonic lateral loading. The performance of SCC/ECC/UHPC frames are described based on load-deformation/moment-rotation responses, stiffness, strain developments, crack characterization, failure modes, ductility and energy absorbing capacity. The experimentally obtained moment and shear capacities of the frames are compared with those obtained from Codes and other existing design specifications. Overall, ECC frames showed better performance in terms of higher energy absorbing capacity and ductility compared to SCC/UHPC frames. ECC/UHPC frames showed higher load carrying capacity compared to SCC frames. ECC and UHPC shear-critical frames without shear reinforcement were able to prevent shear failure due to fiber bridging and crack control characteristics contributing to the enhanced shear resistance of the matrix.

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