The study of sewing damage and defects in garments

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awadhesh Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Monica Puri Sikka ◽  
Payal Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sewing Thread ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Optimum Selection ◽  
Fabric Construction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeThe purpose of this review paper is to define the dominating factors (such as fiber, yarn, fabric structure, sewing thread, sewing needle and machine parameters) that affect the seam damages and causing defects. It also describes the various explanations of sewing defects in garment production and critically analyzes them for optimum selection of parameters and speeds for minimizing such faults. Hence, the knowledge of various factors which affect the sewing damages/defects will be helpful for garment manufacturers/researchers to know influence of the parameters and control the quality of producing seam.Design/methodology/approachThis section is not applicable for a review paper.FindingsSewing damages such as needle cut and other sewing damages/defects are studied mostly in woven fabric. There are very few studies conducted on knitted fabric sewing damages/defects. The sewing damage problems do not have single solution that is capable of removing these damages in fabric. All the determined and affecting parameters related to fiber, yarn, fabric construction, sewing thread and sewing machine must be examined to design appropriate remedial measurement related to machine design, fabric parameters and sewing thread. This could help in minimizing or eliminating the needle cut and other sewing damage problems.Originality/valueIt is an original review work and is helpful for garment manufacturers/researchers to reduce the defects and be able to produce good quality seam.

scholarly journals Characterisation and Control of a Woven Biomimetic Actuator for Wearable Neurorehabilitative Devices

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Vaughan Murphy ◽  
Brandon P. R. Edmonds ◽  
Ana Luisa Trejos
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Total Force ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Soft Actuator ◽  
Sewing Thread ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fabric Mesh ◽  
Biomimetic Actuator ◽  
Multiple Units

Twisted coiled actuators (TCAs) are a type of soft actuator made from polymer fibres such as nylon sewing thread. As they provide motion in a compact, lightweight, and flexible package, they provide a solution to the actuation of wearable mechatronic devices for motion assistance. Their limitation is that they provide low total force, requiring them to actuate in parallel with multiple units. Previous literature has shown that the force and stroke production can be improved by incorporating them into fabric meshes. A fabric mesh could also improve the contraction efficiency, strain rate, and user comfort. Therefore, this study focused on measuring these performance metrics for a set of TCAs embedded into a woven fabric mesh. The experimental results show that the stroke of the actuators scaled linearly with the number of activated TCAs, achieving a maximum applied force of 11.28 N, a maximum stroke of 12.23%, and an efficiency of 1.8%. Additionally, two control methods were developed and evaluated, resulting in low overshoot and steady-state error. These results indicate that the designed actuators are viable for use in wearable mechatronic devices, since they can scale to meet different requirements, while being able to be accurately controlled with minimal additional components.

Impact of AI regulation on intention to use robots

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the citizens to use robots that would improve the quality of life of the citizens. Design/methodology/approach With the help of different adoption theories and models and with the support of background studies, some hypotheses have been formulated and a conceptual model has been developed with the consideration of the impact of artificial intelligence regulation (IAR) that controls the use of robots as a moderator. The model has been validated and the hypotheses have been tested by statistical analysis with the help of survey works involving consideration of feedbacks from 503 usable respondents. Findings The study reveals that the use of robots by the citizens would appreciably increase if government imposes strict artificial intelligence (AI) regulatory control concerning the use of robots, and in that case, it appears that the use of robots would improve the quality of life of the citizens. Research limitations/implications The duly validated model would help the authority to appropriately nurse and nurture the factors such as ethical dilemma, perceived risks and control beliefs for enhancing the intention of the citizens to use robots for many purposes including domestic usage in the context of appropriate restrictions imposed through AI regulation. Such use of robots would eventually improve the quality of life. Originality/value There are a few studies covering analysis of IAR as a moderator on the linkages of the predictors with the intention of the citizens to use robots. In this context, this study is claimed to have offered a novel contribution.

scholarly journals Effect of hydrocolloid addition on batter properties and quality of deep-fried banana (Musa spp.) fritters

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 3227-3238
Author(s):  
Sharmila Vengu ◽  
Haswini Paniker Ravandran ◽  
Sri Puvanesvari Gannasin ◽  
Kharidah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Batter Formulation ◽  
Batter Viscosity ◽  
And Control

PurposeDeep-fried banana (Musa spp.) fritters is one of the frequently consumed fruit based snacks in Southeast Asian countries despite its substantial amount of oil content. Consistent with the demand for low fat food with maintained palatability, this study aimed to determine the quality of banana fritters as affected by batter system containing selected hydrocolloids such as pectin (PCN), whey protein isolate (WPI) and soy protein isolate (SPI).Design/methodology/approachBanana fritter batters were prepared with individual addition of 2% PCN (w/w), 10% WPI (w/w), 10% SPI (w/w), combination of 2% PCN and 10% WPI, combination of 2% PCN and 10% SPI and control (without hydrocolloid addition). Batter viscosity (Pa.s) and batter pick-up (%) were determined. Banana fritters were analysed for moisture and fat contents, moisture loss, colour, hardness and sensory characteristics.FindingsHydrocolloid addition in the batter system resulted in a higher batter pick-up and viscosity in comparison to control batter system. Moisture loss from banana fritters with batter formulation of 2% PCN and 10% SPI was the lowest while the reduction in oil content (55%) was the highest. Banana fritters with inclusion of hydrocolloids in the batter formulation were equally accepted as the control sample by the sensory panelists with a score range between 6 and 7 for most of the sensory attributes evaluated except for oiliness.Originality/valueApplication of PCN and SPI in batter system to develop banana fritters with low oil content, moist fruit core and crunchy crust is reported for the first time. Batter premix containing PCN and SPI can be produced for fresh and frozen fritters preparation.

Global Configuration Design of Umbilicals in Deepwater

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Fleming ◽  
Thanos Moros ◽  
Rupak Ghosh ◽  
Kostas Lambrakos ◽  
Dave Robson
Keyword(s):  
Configuration Design ◽  
Loop Current ◽  
Global Configuration ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Heave Motion ◽  
Vessel Motion ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

Global configuration design of subsea umbilical risers in deep water is a major challenge due to extreme environmental and operational requirements. The critical issues considered in design are the interference between umbilicals in the presence of strong loop and submerged current, and the on-bottom stability along with the strength and fatigue requirements. The vessel motion primarily controls the selection of the configuration, catenary or lazy wave, and the latter is an obvious choice in the presence of significant heave motion. The length and routing on the seabed ensures the on-bottom umbilical stability by dissipating the axial load through soil friction. However, the interference with other subsea components as well as the space availability can also be a governing criterion in the routing. Finally, all these design requirements must be satisfied economically from the perspective of overall cost of the project without compromising quality of the product and safety of design. This paper presents a brief outline of the global configuration design of umbilicals accounting for various design considerations. The host is a semi submersible in a water depth of 6050-ft in the Gulf of Mexico. The lazy wave configurations of the chemical injection and control umbilicals are considered for the study presented herein. The methodology of design for the global configuration is discussed considering different environmental loadings such as the 100-yr and 10-yr loop current, and 100-yr submerged current. The stability of the umbilical on the seabed is discussed on the basis of analysis results for the environmental loadings with dominant vessel motions. The phenomenon of “walking” under the influence of dynamic loading is investigated and the necessary considerations in design to prevent the umbilicals from “walking” are also discussed.

Development of a soft cable-driven hand exoskeleton for assisted rehabilitation training

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawen Xu ◽  
Qingcong Wu ◽  
Yanghui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Local Structures ◽  
Hand Exoskeleton ◽  
And Control

Purpose Hand motor dysfunction has seriously reduced people’s quality of life. The purpose of this paper is to solve this problem; different soft exoskeleton robots have been developed because of their good application prospects in assistance. In this paper, a new soft hand exoskeleton is designed to help people conduct rehabilitation training. Design/methodology/approach The proposed soft exoskeleton is an under-actuated cable-driven mechanism, which optimizes the force transmission path and many local structures. Specifically, the path of force transmission is optimized and cables are wound around cam-shaped spools to prevent cables lose during fingers movement. Besides, a pre-tightening system is presented to adjust the preload force of the cable-tube. Moreover, a passive brake mechanism is proposed to prevent the cables from falling off the spools when the remote side is relaxed. Findings Finally, three control strategies are proposed to assist in rehabilitation training. Results show that the average correlation coefficient of trajectory tracking is 90.99% and this exoskeleton could provide steady clamping force up to 35 N, which could meet the demands of activities in daily living. Surface electromyography (sEMG)-based intention recognition method is presented to complete assistance and experiments are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the assisted grasping method by monitoring muscle activation, finger angle and interactive force. Research limitations/implications However, the system should be further optimized in terms of hardware and control to reduce delays. In addition, more clinical trials should be conducted to evaluate the effect of the proposed rehabilitation strategies. Social implications May improve the ability of hemiplegic patients to live independently. Originality/value A novel under-actuated soft hand exoskeleton structure is proposed, and an sEMG-based auxiliary grasping control strategy is presented to help hemiplegic patients conduct rehabilitation training.

scholarly journals Commutability of reference and control materials: an essential factor for assuring the quality of measurements in Laboratory Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 967-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Braga ◽  
Mauro Panteghini
Keyword(s):  
External Quality Assessment ◽  
Prediction Interval ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Essential Factor ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Traceability to a common reference ensures equivalence of results obtained by different assays. Traceability is achieved by an unbroken sequence of calibrations, using reference materials (RMs) that must be commutable. Using non-commutable RMs for calibration will introduce a bias in the calibrated method producing incorrect results for clinical samples (CS). Commutability was defined in 1973 as “the ability of an enzyme material to show inter-assay activity changes comparable to those of the same enzyme in human serum” and later extended as a characteristic of all RMs. However, the concept is still poorly understood and appreciated. Commutability assessment has been covered in CLSI guidelines and requires: (a) selection of 20 CS spanning the relevant concentration range; (b) analysis of both RM and CS with the pair of procedures; (c) data elaboration using regression analysis and calculation if RM fall within the 95% prediction interval defined by CS. This approach has been criticized and to improve it The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine established a working group that recently finalized recommendations. Commutability is also a requirement for the applicability of external quality assessment (EQA) results in the evaluation of the performance of participating laboratories in terms of standardization of their measurements. Unfortunately, EQA materials are usually not validated for commutability.

Human resources ranking in a cloud-based knowledge sharing framework using the quality control criteria

Kybernetes ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 876-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Fouladi ◽  
Nima Jafari Navimipour
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Control Criteria ◽  
Control Criteria ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose This paper aims to propose a new method for evaluating the quality and prioritizing of the human resources (HRs) based on trust, reputation, agility, expertise and cost criteria in the expert cloud. To evaluate some quality control (QC) factors, a model based on the SERVQUAL is used. Design/methodology/approach The aim of this paper is to offer a fast and simple method for selecting the HRs by the customers. To achieve this goal, the ranking diagram of different HRs based on the different criteria of QC is provided. By means of this method, the customer can rapidly decide on the selection of the required HRs. By using the proposed method, the scores for various criteria are evaluated. These criteria are used in the ranking of each HR which is obtained based on the evaluation conducted by previous customers and their colleagues. First, customers were asked to select their needed criteria and then by constructing a hierarchical structure, the ranking diagram of different HRs is achieved. Using a ranking system based on evaluating the quality of the model, satisfy the customer needs to be based on the properties of HRs. Also, an analytical hierarchical process-based ranking mechanism is proposed to solve the problem of assigning weights to features for considering the interdependence between them to rank the HRs in the expert cloud. Findings The obtained results showed the applicability of the radar graph using a case study and also numerically obtained results showed that a hierarchical structure increases the quality and speed rating of HR ranking than the previous works. Originality/value The suggested ranking method in this paper allows the optimal selection due to the special needs of any given customer in the expert cloud.

A Concurrent Design Exploration Method for Realizing Networked Manufacturing Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Milisavljevic ◽  
Sesh Commuri ◽  
Janet K. Allen ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Concurrent Design ◽  
Networked Manufacturing ◽  
Multistage Manufacturing ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
And Control ◽  
Automotive Panel ◽  
Selection Of

Multistage manufacturing processes (MMPs) are networked manufacturing systems consisting of multiple operational stations that have characteristics of mechanical and control systems. Common challenges in the design of MMPs are the selection of sensors and tools as this not only affects the dimensional quality of the finished product, but also influences the computational complexity in representing and analyzing the problem. Imprecise or incomplete information results in uncertainty in the models used to represent the MMP and limit the use of traditional design approaches. In this paper, an exploration method for the concurrent design (CDEM) of MMPs under uncertainty is presented wherein the attributes of tools and sensors are treated as design variables, thereby allowing flexibility in a design process. The proposed method is illustrated using an example of automotive panel stamping process. Our focus in this paper is on the method rather than the results per se.

Miniature and microrobots: a review of recent developments

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Swarm Robotics ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Miniature Robots ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an insight into recent miniaturised robot developments and applications. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction, this article discusses the technology and applications of miniature robots and considers swarm robotics, assembly robots, flying robots and their uses in healthcare. It concludes with a brief consideration of the emerging field of nanorobotics. Findings – This shows that all manners of miniaturised terrestrial, airborne and aquatic robots are being developed, but size and weight restraints pose considerable technological challenges, such as power sources, navigation, actuation and control. Prototypes have been developed for military, assembly, medical, environmental and other applications, as well as for furthering the understanding of swarm behaviour. In the longer term, microrobots and nanorobots offer prospects to revolutionise many aspects of healthcare, such as cancer treatment. Originality/value – This study provides details of a wide-ranging selection of miniaturised robot developments.

Freedom and control: a state of balance in public space

Facilities ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 606-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianjiao Zhao ◽  
Kin Wai Michael Siu
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Control

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine how to achieve a balance between freedom and control in public space. It analyses the relationship between freedom and control to identify phenomena and offer users and policymakers instructions for achieving that balance. Public space, including privately owned public space, is important to urban living. People have both the right to use public space and the responsibility to protect it. Both freedom and control should exist in public space in an appropriate combination. It is impossible and inappropriate for us to ask for absolute freedom or endure unreasonable control. Design/methodology/approach – A case study of Hong Kong’s Mass Transit Railway (MTR) reveals typical freedom/control relationships. Quantitative descriptions are given based on field observations. Findings – Freedom and control are primary factors affecting the quality of urban life and management of city space. They depend on and conflict with each other. The balance between freedom and control is a balance between diverse spaces. The “freedom space” belonging to both citizens and authorities determines whether freedom and control are balanced. Ethics and strategies constitute control. Only when each authority and user obtains a proper freedom space can freedom and control achieve balance in public space. Research limitations/implications – Freedom and control differ across cities because they are both affected by culture, history and tradition. As each city has its own characteristics, the freedom and control in each open space are distinctive. Balancing freedom and control requires an understanding of a city’s background and the era. While this paper does not attempt to achieve this understanding, further studies could devote more attention to dimensions of time and location. Practical implications – The findings provide recommendations for users, policymakers and construction and management companies that will allow the management of harmonious and high-quality open spaces. Social implications – Freedom and control are two main factors affecting quality of life. The balance between freedom and control may bring a harmony and stable society environment. It would benefit both the authority and the people a lot. Originality/value – This study provides a systematic analysis of freedom and control in public space and makes a valuable contribution to quality urban space policy, design and management.

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