Development of Sprayer Vehicle using Unmanned System Technology by Remotely Operated Control for Organic Rice Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchai Khuantham ◽  
Arkira Sonthitham
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
System Technology ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Unmanned System

scholarly journals Profile of microbial community of organic and conventional rice field using metagenomic analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arum Asri Trisnastuti ◽  
Edi Purwanto ◽  
Ari Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Significant Difference

Organic farming can increase the diversity of soil bacterial. This research aimed to compare the profile of microbial community of organic and conventional rice fields in early (0 Day After Planting/DAP), mid (15 DAP), and late (45 DAP) fertilizer application period. The total DNA genome from the soil sample was extracted then analyzed metagenomically using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). There was nine genus of bacteria found in high relative abundance, 95.28%, while 4.72% included in Domain of Archaea (genus Methanosaeta). Phylum of Firmicutes (genus Clostridium has 24.50% relative abundance, Bacillus 11.90%, Lactobacillus 9.69%); Proteobacteria (genus Defluviicoccus 12.10%, Buchnera 18.46%, Rosenbergiella 2.46%); and Actinobacteria (genus Nocardioides 12.21%, and Streptomyces 3.96%). Meanwhile, the average plant height of organic rice fields was shorter than conventional rice fields got directly measured coincided with soil sampled. Based on alpha and beta diversity analysis, the highest community diversity and abundance were found in organic rice field soil samples taken at 45 DAP, i.e., at the end of the fertilizer application period. However, in both organic and conventional rice field soils, there was almost no significant difference in the bacterial community, so it impacts that organic and conventional systems do not make a real difference in the total N, P available, CEC, and pH values. It makes a significant difference in organic C and organic matters.

scholarly journals Soil Quality at Rice Fields with Organic, Semi-organic and Inorganic Management in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi ◽  
Intan Lestari Prima Vera ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Quality Index ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organic Rice

The high demand of rice is fulfilled by intensification, particularly with the use of chemical fertilizer that allegedly causes land and environmental problems in a long term. As public awareness of environmental health rises, more rice fields are managed organically and semi-organically, but there are still many that manage rice fields inorganically. Assessment of soil quality of the three types of rice field management is important to prove that organic rice fields have better soil quality than semi-organic and inorganic rice fields, as well as to evaluate soil conditions on the location. This research was conducted in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia, using a descriptive explorative method with a survey approach on three points of each management system of rice fields, which are organic, semi-organic and inorganic rice fields. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the indicators affecting soil quality, which are called the minimum data set (MDS). There were selected indicators in this research, including total microbes, base saturation, cation exchangeable capacity and organic carbon. Based on the results of the study, organic rice fields have the best soil quality with a score of soil quality index (SQI) of 2.3, compared to semi-organic rice field SQI (2.2) and inorganic rice field SQI (1.7). The results indicate that organic management contributes to better soil quality and environment.

scholarly journals Methane production potential of soil profile in organic paddy field

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 212-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mujiyo ◽  
B.H. Sunarminto ◽  
E. Hanudin ◽  
J. Widada ◽  
J. Syamsiyah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Mitigation Options ◽  
Organic Rice

The use of organic fertilizers in the organic paddy/rice field can increase methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) production, which leads to environmental problems. In this study, we aimed to determine the CH<sub>4</sub> production potential (CH<sub>4</sub>-PP) by a soil profile from samples using flood incubation. Soil properties (chemical, physical, and biological) were analyzed from soil samples of three different paddy farming systems (organic, semi-organic, and conventional), whilst soil from teak forest was used as the control. A significant relationship was determined between soil properties and CH<sub>4</sub>-PP. The average amount of CH<sub>4</sub>-PP in the organic rice field profile was the highest among all the samples (1.36 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/kg soil/day). However, the CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation potential (CH<sub>4</sub>-OP) is high as well, as this was a chance of mitigation options should focus on increasing the methanotrophic activity which might reduce CH<sub>4</sub> emissions to the atmosphere. The factor most influencing CH<sub>4</sub>-PP is soil C-organic (C<sub>org</sub>). C<sub>org</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub>-PP of the top soil of organic rice fields were 2.09% and 1.81 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/kg soil/day, respectively. As a consequence, here the mitigation options require more efforts than in the other farming systems. Soil with various amounts of C<sub>org</sub> reached a maximum point of CH<sub>4</sub>-PP at various time after incubation (20, 15, and 10 days for the highest, medium, and the lowest amounts of C<sub>org</sub>, respectively). A high amount of C<sub>org</sub> provided enough C substrate for producing a higher amount of CH<sub>4</sub> and reaching its longer peak production than the low amount of C<sub>org</sub>. These findings also provide guidance that mitigation option reduces CH<sub>4 </sub>emissions from organic rice fields and leads to drainage every10–20 days before reaching the maximum CH<sub>4</sub>-PP. 

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus altitudinis P-10, a Potential Bioprotectant against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Isolated from Rice Rhizosphere in Java, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anto Budiharjo ◽  
Haeyoung Jeong ◽  
Dyah Wulandari ◽  
Soohyun Lee ◽  
Choong-Min Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacillus Altitudinis ◽  
Rice Rhizosphere ◽  
Organic Rice

ABSTRACT Bacillus altitudinis P-10 was isolated from the rhizosphere of rice grown in an organic rice field and provides strong antagonism against the bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in rice. Herein, we provide the complete genome sequence and a possible explanation of the antibiotic function of the P-10 strain.

scholarly journals Insect Biodiversity in Organic and Non-Organic Rice Ecosystem in The District of Bantul

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Eka Armi Ovawanda ◽  
Witjaksono Witjaksono ◽  
Y. Andi Trisyono
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
Planting Season

Measuring biodiversity of insects is an essential part in management concept of insect pest populations based on ecology. This study examined the index of insect biodiversity by measuring species richness, species evenness and heterogeneity in organic and non-organic rice farming ecosystem. The sampling was conducted during the planting season of April–May 2015 and October–November 2015 at 44, 52 and 66 days after rice transplanting (DAT). High number of species richness (7 to 13 species) was found in the non-organic rice field (April–May 2015). In contrast, high number of species richness (22 to 33 species) was found in the organic rice field (October–November 2015). The species evenness and heterogeneity in the organic farming were generally higher than these in the non-organic rice in the both of planting season April–May 2015 and October–November 2015. Overall, the organic rice farming ecosystem can increase species richness, species evenness and heterogeneity of insect. INTISARI Mengukur biodiversitas serangga adalah salah satu bagian penting dalam konsep pengelolaan populasi serangga hama berbasis ekologi. Penelitian ini mengkaji indeks biodiversitas serangga dengan mengukur kekayaan spesies (species richness), kemerataan spesies (species evenness), dan keanekaragaman/kelimpahan spesies (heterogenity) pada sistem budidaya padi organik dan non-organik. Pengambilan sampel diperoleh pada saat musim tanam April–Mei 2015 dan musim tanam Oktober–November 2015 di 44, 52, dan 66 hari setelah tanam. Total kekayaan spesies tertinggi (7–13 spesies) ditemukan di lahan padi non-organik (April–Mei 2015). Sebaliknya, total kekayaan spesies (22–33 spesies) ditemukan di lahan padi organik (Oktober–November 2015). Kemerataan spesies dan heterogenitas di lahan padi organik secara umum lebih tinggi dibanding di padi non-organik pada kedua musim tanam April–Mei 2015 dan Oktober–November 2015. Secara keseluruhan, sistem budidaya di ekosistem padi organik dapat meningkatkan kekayaan spesies, kemerataan spesies, dan heterogenitas serangga.

scholarly journals Dynamic population of N2-fixing cyanobacteria in an organic rice field

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
DIAN HENDRAYANTI ◽  
IMAM RUSMANA ◽  
DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA ◽  
HAMIM
Keyword(s):  
Rice Field ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Plastic Cylinder ◽  
Soil Components ◽  
Dynamic Population ◽  
Dynamic Populations ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract. Hendrayanti D, Rusmana I, Santosa DA, Hamim. 2019. Dynamic population of N2-fixing Cyanobacteria in an organic rice field. Biodiversitas 20: 2883-2890. The existence of free living N2-fixing cyanobacteria in rice fields has been acknowledged as an advantage for rice crops. At present, implementation of organic rice-systems has been increasing as an alternative way for keeping rice fields healthy. Therefore, investigation of N2-fixing cyanobacteria as a part of the soil components is important. Dynamic populations of the filamentous N2-fixing cyanobacteria assemblage in organic rice field at Ciparay, South Bandung, was investigated during the crop’s growth cycle (January-March 2018). Soil samples were collected from four plots of 20 ha rice fields. At each plot, soil from three random stations with three replications was taken using a 3-cm-diameter plastic cylinder. Composite samples from each station were analyzed for colony enumeration (TPC method), relative abundance and frequency, and species identification. The results show that population reached peak on the 80 days after planting (194 x 106 cfu/g soil). Species number decreased following increased density of the rice canopy. Among the 23 morphospecies found along the rice growth, four species were always found during all stages of growth: Halotia wernerae CSO2, Roholtiella mojavensis CSO6, Hapalosiphon welwitschii CSO7, and Desmonostoc danxiaense CSO3. The community of N2-fixing cyanobacteria found in the organic rice field was different to those reported from non-organic rice field.

scholarly journals The Stratification of Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Top Soils as Affected by the Management of Organic and Conventional Rice Cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Arif Anshori ◽  
Ali Pramono ◽  
Mujiyo Mujiyo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Top Soil

Organic and conventional management in rice cultivation have an impact on the nature of soil and the sustainability of agricultural system. This study aimed to determine the stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen in top soil from organic and conventional rice management. Top soil samples from organic and conventional rice management were taken before planting rice to find out the parameters of several soil characteristics. After rice was planted, top soil samples were taken at the depths of 0-4, 4-8, 8-12, 12-16, 16-20, 20-24 and 24-28 cm from organic and conventional rice fields, to determine the total organic carbon, total nitrogen and nitrate. The results show that organic rice management will provide better soil properties. Stratification of organic carbon and nitrogen was found in top soil from organic and conventional rice fields. Organic rice field appeared to have organic carbon content that was significantly higher than that of conventional rice field, and it is concentrated on top soil surface. The total nitrogen content in layers 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm in organic rice field was considerably higher than in conventional, but the content was different in layers 8-24 cm. Nitrate content was significantly different in top soil 12-16, 16-20 and 20-24 cm, significantly in top soil 8-12 cm, with nitrate in top soil of conventional rice field higher than in organic rice field. However, it was not significant in 0-4 cm and 4-8 cm top soils. This condition was influenced by organic and synthetic chemical fertilization, nitrification, denitrification and leaching.

scholarly journals Weeding Frequencies Decreased Rice–Weed Competition and Increased Rice N Uptake in Organic Paddy Field

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1904
Author(s):  
Margi Asih Maimunah ◽  
Valensi Kautsar ◽  
Putu Oki Bimantara ◽  
Samuel Munyaka Kimani ◽  
Ren Torita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Weed Diversity

Different weeding frequencies (WFs)―0WF, 2WF, 4WF, 6WF, and 8WF―were adopted in an organic rice field to investigate their influence on weed types, rice and weed biomass, rice tiller and weed number, N concentration, and N uptake. The study field was located in Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan. Rice (cv. Sasanishiki) was planted from May to September 2019, and all weeding events were carried out until 49 days after transplantation (DAT) using a rotary weeder. Rice and weed samples were collected at 60, 88, and 110 DAT. Echinochloa crus-galli (E. crus-galli), Schoenoplectus juncoides, and Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) were the most commonly found weeds. High weed diversity was observed at both 6WF and 8WF, E. crus-galli was the dominant weed at 0WF. Compared to 0WF, 2WF displayed a significantly decreased weed biomass. However, at 8WF, the weed biomass was reduced by 79.0%, the rice biomass was increased by 277%, and the rice tiller number was almost three times higher than that at 0WF and 110 DAT. Compared to 0WF, a significantly increased rice N uptake was observed at 4WF, and rice N uptakes achieved at 6WF and 8WF were two and four times higher than those at 0WF, respectively. Higher weeding frequencies provide notable benefits in suppressing weeds and supporting rice growth, especially in N uptake competition with weeds.

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