Evaluation of thermography inspections effects on costs and power losses reduction in Alborz Province Power Distribution Co.

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Hakimollahi ◽  
Davoud Zamani ◽  
S. Hossein Hosseini ◽  
Reza Rahimi ◽  
Mostafa Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Losses

scholarly journals Comparison of Power Distribution, Losses and Efficiencies of a Steam Turbine with and without Extractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-487
Author(s):  
Vedran Mrzljak ◽  
Sandi Baressi Šegota ◽  
Hrvoje Meštrić ◽  
Zlatan Car
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Base Process ◽  
Energy And Exergy ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Dominant Influence

The paper presents an analysis of two steam turbine operation regimes - regime with all steam extractions opened (base process) and regime with all steam extractions closed. Closing of all steam extractions significantly increases turbine real developed power for 5215.88 kW and increases turbine energy and exergy losses with simultaneous decrease of turbine energy and exergy efficiencies for more than 2%. First extracted steam mass flow rate has a dominant influence on turbine power losses (in comparison to turbine maximum power when all of steam extractions are closed). Cumulative power losses caused by steam mass flow rate extractions are the highest in the fourth turbine segment and equal to 1687.82 kW.

scholarly journals Investigation of distributed generation units placement and sizing based on voltage stability condition indicator (VSCI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Arvind Raj ◽  
Nur Fadilah Ab Aziz ◽  
Zuhaila Mat Yasin ◽  
Nur Ashida Salim
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Stability Condition ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Power Losses

Voltage instability in power distribution systems can result in voltage collapse throughout the grid. Today, with the advanced of power generation technology from renewable sources, concerns of utility companies are much being focused on the stability of the grid when there is an integration of distributed generation (DG) in the system.  This paper presents a study on DG units placement and sizing in a radial distribution network by using a pre-developed index called Voltage Stability Condition Index (VSCI). In this paper, VSCI is used to determine DG placement candidates, while the value of power losses is used to identify the best DG placement. The proposed method is tested on a standard 33-bus radial distribution network and compared with existing Ettehadi and Aman methods. The effectiveness of the method is presented in terms of reduction in power system losses, maximization of system loadability and voltage quality improvement. Results show that VSCI can be utilized as the voltage stability indicator for DG placement in radial distribution power system. The integration of DG is found to improve voltage stability by increasing the system loadability and reducing the power losses of the network.

scholarly journals Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms for Power Distribution System Optimal Reconfiguration

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Benitez Cattani
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Unbalanced Voltage

In this paper two reconfiguration methodologies for three-phase electric power distribution systems based on multi-objective optimization algorithms are developed in order to simultaneously optimize two objective functions, (1) power losses and (2) three-phase unbalanced voltage minimization. The proposed optimization involves only radial topology configurations which is the most common configuration in electric distribution systems. The formulation of the problem considers the radiality as a constraint, increasing the computational complexity. The Prim and Kruskal algorithms are tested to fix infeasible configurations. In distribution systems, the three-phase unbalanced voltage and power losses limit the power supply to the loads and may even cause overheating in distribution lines, transformers and other equipment. An alternative to solve this problem is through a reconfiguration process, by opening and/or closing switches altering the distribution system configuration under operation. Hence, in this work the three-phase unbalanced voltage and power losses in radial distribution systems are addressed as a multi-objective optimization problem, firstly, using a method based on weighted sum; and, secondly, implementing NSGA-II algorithm. An example of distribution system is presented to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Grid Study on the Basis of Allocated Power Loss Calculation

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
J. Survilo
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Loss Allocation ◽  
Loss Calculation ◽  
Grid Operation ◽  
Power Consumer

Abstract Studying the loss allocation, it is possible to determine the loss which appears in some grid section or line (allocated power loss) as a result of: 1) some power source sending its power to the consumers, 2) some power source sending its power to a certain power consumer, 3) power received by some consumer. Determining allocated power losses, it happens that some of them are negative. It turned out that this phenomenon is not rare and appears at a definite power distribution between suppliers. Negative allocated power loss shows that total power loss is increased. Computing the allocated loss, the possibility appears to define other grid quantities that characterize grid properties and operation, as well as to find out those suppliers and consumers who mainly affect the grid operation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Power Loss of 20 kV Power Distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Dasman Dasman
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Line

In the distribution of electrical energy from the plant to the consumer, there is a decrease in quality due to the loss of power (losses). These power losses are caused by a voltage drop across the line and subsequently producing a power loss on the line. This power loss can be classified into two types based on its line parameters, i.e., active power loss and reactive power loss. The line’s active power loss generates losses of power/losses so that the active power reaches the load on the receiving end is always less than the productive power of the sender side. Power losses in the electrical system must exist and cannot be reduced to 0% (zero percent). According to SPLN No. 72 of 1987, the permitted distribution network’s power loss should not be higher than 10%. This paper investigates the magnitude of the voltage loss and the line active power losses on the 20 kV distribution line. The calculation conducted through case study and simulation of Etap 12.6 program on an electrical power distribution system that is 20 kV distribution line in PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Muara Labuh. In the distribution line 20 kV, there is IPP (Independent Power Plant) PLTMH PT SKE used to improve the stress conditions in Rayon Muara Labuh. Therefore the loss of power will be calculated in 3 terms, i.e., before and after IPP PT. SKE with 20 kV distribution lines as well as on feeder load maintenance (as a repair action plan). The simulation results show the highest voltage drop and the highest power losses continue generated during IPP. PT SKE has not done synchronized with the distribution line of 20 kV with a significant voltage drop of 1,533 kV percentage of 7.93% and power loss of 777.528 kWh percentage of 7.69%.

A Stochastic Model Based on Markov Chain to Support Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Operation in Smart Distribution Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santoshkumar Hampannavar ◽  
Udaykumar R. Yaragatti ◽  
Suresh Chavhan
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Power Distribution Network ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Communication Framework ◽  
Smart Distribution Network

Abstract In this paper a multiagent based communication framework for gridable electric vehicle (GEV) aggregation in power distribution network is proposed. Also, multi objective optimization is presented for the minimization of power losses and maximization of voltage. Furthermore multiagent system (MAS) based analytical model is proposed for GEV aggregation. Comprehensive case studies are conducted on IEEE 33 and 69 bus test distribution systems using MATLAB and it is observed that the timely and optimal placement of GEV aggregation in distribution network using multiagent communication (MAC) will lead to reduction in power losses and improvement in voltage profile. MATLAB and MOBILE C were used for the simulation studies and results demonstrate significant benefits of GEV aggregation in distribution network.

Mechatronics Implementation of Inverse Dynamics-Based Controller for an Off-Road UGV

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Salama ◽  
Vladimir V. Vantsevich
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Unmanned Ground Vehicle ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
Ground Vehicle ◽  
Dc Motors ◽  
And Control

This paper presents a project developed at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) aimed to design, implement, and test an off-road Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) with individually controlled four drive wheels that operate in stochastic terrain conditions. An all-wheel drive off-road UGV equipped with individual electric dc motors for each wheel offers tremendous potential to control the torque delivered to each individual wheel in order to maximize UGV slip efficiency by minimizing slip power losses. As previous studies showed, this can be achieved by maintaining all drive wheels slippages the same. Utilizing this approach, an analytical method to control angular velocities of all wheels was developed to provide the same slippages of the four wheels. This model-based method was implemented in an inverse dynamics-based control algorithm of the UGV to overcome stochastic terrain conditions and minimize wheel slip power losses and maintain a given velocity profile. In this paper, mechanical and electrical components and control algorithm of the UGV are described in order to achieve the objective. Optical encoders built-in each dc motor are used to measure the actual angular velocity of each wheel. A fifth wheel rotary encoder sensor is attached to the chassis to measure the distance travel and estimate the longitudinal velocity of the UGV. In addition, the UGV is equipped with four electric current sensors to measure the current draw from each dc motor at various load conditions. Four motor drivers are used to control the dc motors using National Instruments single-board RIO controller. Moreover, power system diagrams and controller pinout connections are presented in detail and thus explain how all these components are integrated in a mechatronic system. The inverse dynamics control algorithm is implemented in real-time to control each dc motors individually. The integrated mechatronics system is distinguished by its robustness to stochastic external disturbances as shown in the previous papers. It also shows a promising adaptability to disturbances in wheel load torques and changes in stochastic terrain properties. The proposed approach, modeling and hardware implementation opens up a new way to the optimization and control of both unmanned ground vehicle dynamics and vehicle energy efficiency by optimizing and controlling individual power distribution to the drive wheels.

scholarly journals A comprehensive review of distributed power system architecture for telecom and datacenter applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1535
Author(s):  
Ramesh B. Darla ◽  
Chitra A
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Converter Topologies ◽  
Dc Bus ◽  
Bus Voltage ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bus Architecture

With the dominating utility of the internet, it becomes critical to manage the efficiency and reliability of telecom and datacenter, as the power consumption of the involved equipment also increases. Much power being wasted through the power conversion stages by converting AC voltage to DC voltage and then stepping down to lower voltages to connect to information and communication technology (ICT) equipment. 48/12 VDC is the standard DC bus architecture to serve the end utility equipment. This voltage level is further processed to multiple lower voltages to power up the internal auxiliary circuits. Power losses are involved when it is converted from higher voltage to lower voltages. Therefore, the efficiency of power conversion is lower. There is a need to increase the efficiency by minimizing the power losses which occur due to the conversion stages. Different methods are available to increase the efficiency of a system by optimizing the converter topologies, semiconductor materials and control methods. There is another possibility of increasing the efficiency by changing the architecture of a system by increasing the DC bus voltage to higher voltages to optimize the losses. This paper presents a review of available high voltage options for telecom power distribution and developments, implementations and challenges across the world.

scholarly journals Application of fuzzy regression analysis method for determination of electric power losses in intrafactory power supply networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. Gracheva ◽  
O. V. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Fuzzy Regression ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Fuzzy Regression Analysis ◽  
The Cost

One of the main objectives of the development of modern industry in Russia, along with an increase in the absolute volumes of electric power (EP) production, is to strengthen control over its more rational use. Saving EP and reducing the cost of its transmission along power distribution networks is of great importance for the country's energy sector. In terms of their physical nature, in terms of production, transmission and consumption, EP losses are no different from EP served to consumers. Therefore, the assessment of power losses in electrical networks is based on the same economic principles as the assessment of energy served to consumers. EP losses have a significant impact on the technical and economic parameters of the network, since the cost of losses is included in the estimated cost (reduced costs) and cost price (annual operating costs) of EP transmission. The cost component of losses in the cost of EP transmission has a large proportion. The article presents the results of research on the possibility of application of fuzzy regression analysis for problems of assessment and prediction of electric power losses in intrafactory networks. Initial information on the network is uncertain to some extent, which complicates application of traditional methods. The calculation is presented for conventional and fuzzy regression models, along with estimation of error of these models. The relevance of application of fuzzy regression analysis methods is determined by the difficulty of obtaining reliable information about the circuit and regime parameters of intrafactory networks, the probabilistic nature of change of the modes, as well as a whole complex of affecting factors, which are generally challenging for quantitative assessment. Advantages of application of fuzzy regression analysis consist in obtaining confidence intervals of required variables (value of electric power losses) for schemes of networks with uncertain initial information on their parameters, which is characteristic of intrafactory power supply systems, and enables to consider dynamics of their variation.

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