An approach of cost-effective automatic irrigation and soil testing system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Istiak Mahmud ◽  
Nafis Almas Nafi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Testing System

scholarly journals How to Implement Safe, Efficient and Cost-Effective SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Urban and Rural Schools within One Month

COVID ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-727
Author(s):  
Parastoo Kheiroddin ◽  
Magdalena Gründl ◽  
Michael Althammer ◽  
Patricia Schöberl ◽  
Linda Plail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Local Involvement ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Time Required

(1) Background: With vaccination and new variants of SARS-CoV-2 on the horizon, efficient testing in schools may enable prevention of mass infection outbreaks, keeping schools safe places and buying time until decisions on feasibility and the necessity of vaccination in children and youth are made. We established, in the course of the WICOVIR (Where Is the COrona VIRus) study, that gargle-based pool-PCR testing offers a feasible, efficient, and safe testing system for schools in Germany when applied by central university laboratories. (2) Objectives: We evaluated whether this approach can be implemented in different rural and urban settings. (3) Methods: We assessed the arrangements required for successful implementation of the WICOVIR approach in a variety of settings in terms of transport logistics, data transfer and pre-existing laboratory set-up, as well as the time required to establish the set-up. (4) Results: We found that once regulatory issues have been overcome, all challenges pertaining to logistics, data transfer, and laboratory testing on different platforms can be solved within one month. Pooling and depooling of samples down to the individual test result were achievable within one working day in all settings. Local involvement of the community and decentralized set-ups were keys for success. (5) Conclusion: The WICOVIR gargle-based pool-PCR system is so robust and simple that it can be implemented within one month in all settings now or in future pandemics.

scholarly journals Results of WICOVIR Gargle Pool PCR Testing in German Schools Based on the First 100,000 Tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Kheiroddin ◽  
Patricia Schöberl ◽  
Michael Althammer ◽  
Ezgi Cibali ◽  
Thea Würfel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test System ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
Antigen Testing ◽  
Standard Hygiene

Background: Opening schools and keeping children safe from SARS-CoV-2 infections at the same time is urgently needed to protect children from direct and indirect consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal, a safe, efficient, and cost-effective SARS-CoV-2 testing system for schools in addition to standard hygiene measures is necessary.Methods: We implemented the screening WICOVIR concept for schools in the southeast of Germany, which is based on gargling at home, pooling of samples in schools, and assessment of SARS-CoV-2 by pool rRT-PCR, performed decentralized in numerous participating laboratories. Depooling was performed if pools were positive, and results were transmitted with software specifically developed for the project within a day. Here, we report the results after the first 13 weeks in the project.Findings: We developed and implemented the proof-of-concept test system within a pilot phase of 7 weeks based on almost 17,000 participants. After 6 weeks in the main phase of the project, we performed >100,000 tests in total, analyzed in 7,896 pools, identifying 19 cases in >100 participating schools. On average, positive children showed an individual CT value of 31 when identified in the pools. Up to 30 samples were pooled (mean 13) in general, based on school classes and attached school staff. All three participating laboratories detected positive samples reliably with their previously established rRT-PCR standard protocols. When self-administered antigen tests were performed concomitantly in positive cases, only one of these eight tests was positive, and when antigen tests performed after positive pool rRT-PCR results were already known were included, 3 out of 11 truly positive tests were also identified by antigen testing. After 3 weeks of repetitive WICOVIR testing twice weekly, the detection rate of positive children in that cohort decreased significantly from 0.042 to 0.012 (p = 0.008).Interpretation: Repeated gargle pool rRT-PCR testing can be implemented quickly in schools. It is an effective, valid, and well-received test system for schools, superior to antigen tests in sensitivity, acceptance, and costs.

Data Acquisition System for a Handgun Dynamometer

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Quill ◽  
M. Khosrowjerdi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Load Profile ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Recoil Force ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
System Data

Abstract In the fields of competition shooting and handgun engineering, it is highly desirable to be able to properly assess and measure handgun recoil. If recoil could be measured, it would be useful to the competition shooter in his continuous quest to evaluate modifications for his equipment and methods. The engineer would benefit since the results of measured testing would quantify the reaction forces present allowing proper stress analysis and the ability to calibrate FEA models. The objective of this project was to design and develop a device capable of measuring recoil forces on multiple independent axes. The device will respond and measure only on the axis the load is applied to. It was determined that the most cost effective way to meet the design specifications was to utilize strain gage based transducer technology. A custom multiple axes Dynamometer was designed, fabricated and interfaced with the Smith & Wesson CATS (Computer Aided Testing System) data collection system. The system was calibrated and tested with a model 4013TSW pistol and the results were graphed. The results showed peak values of 950 lb. for the horizontal recoil force, 125 ft-lb. for the recoil moment, and 24 ft-lb. for the rifling torque. Taking factors into consideration, these values are close to the expected values. The Dynamometer exhibited ringing at about 310 Hz. due to its natural frequency and required filtering to properly observe the load profile. When low-pass filtered at 100 Hz., the load profile stood out, but the amplitude was attenuated. The net result was that peak values were observed in the standard data, while the load profile and gun signature could be identified in the filtered data. The device was found to be useful for qualitative analysis, but was deemed inadequate for impact and high frequency applications. The Dynamometer could be improved with efforts made to raise the natural frequency and advanced filtering techniques.

scholarly journals An Advanced Edge-Detection Method for Noncontact Structural Displacement Monitoring

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4941
Author(s):  
Xin Bai ◽  
Mijia Yang ◽  
Beena Ajmera
Keyword(s):  
Edge Detection ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Vision Sensor ◽  
Street Sign ◽  
Edge Detection Method

A non-contact vision sensor system for monitoring structural displacements with advanced Zernike subpixel edge detection technique is suggested in this paper. Edge detection can detect features of objects effectively without using templates. Subpixel techniques provide more accurate and cost-effective results when compared to integer pixel methods. Built on these two techniques, a new version sensor method was developed to detect the vibrations of structures in this study. Satisfactory agreements were found between the displacements measured by the vision sensor system and those recorded by the Multipurpose Testing System (MTS). A field test was then carried out on a street sign using the proposed vision system. Satisfactory results were obtained using the new version of the sensor system at many points simultaneously without any manually marked targets. Moreover, the system was able to provide natural frequencies and mode shapes of the target instantaneously, which could be used to accurately locate damage.

A Cost-Effective Engine-in-the-Loop Powertrain Testing System

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Consiglio ◽  
George J. Delagrammatikas
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Testing System

scholarly journals Hemoglobin Patterns in Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathies- A Large Prospective Study in North Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manjusha Punjaji Tambse ◽  
Maya Suresh Vasaikar ◽  
Sunil Santaram Chavan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Solubility Test ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Hereditary Persistence ◽  
Hbq India ◽  
A Prospective Study

Introduction: Sickle cell haemoglobinopathy is an inherited hemoglobinopathy resulting from a mutation occurring in betaglobin gene, on chromosome 11. The gene is prevalent in some tribes of North Maharashtra. The main aim of the study is to determine haemoglobin patterns in cases with sickle cell hemoglobinoathies in North Maharashtra using HPLC testing system. Material and Methods: This is a prospective study done over a period of 6 years. 10081 patients having positive solubility test or negative solubility test but having clinical suspicion of Sickle cell hemoglobinopathies were studied in detail and all samples were subjected for HPLC testing. Results: Prevalence of sickle cell hemoglobinopathy in this study was 70.36%. Most common pattern of haemoglobin observed was SA (89.72%). A slight female preponderance (54%) was noted. Predominant age group was paediatric (39.96%), followed by12-20yrs (33.97%). Oldest case for HbSS was 55yrs male. Predominant category affected was ST (82.05%). Conclusion: A very high prevalence of Sickle cell hemoglobinopathy was noted in this study. This is because the study was done in areas where Pawara and Bhill community resides who have a high frequency of HbS gene. Solubility test was found to be cost effective and easy screening test (Sensitivity being70.36%). HPLC found to be Rapid and accurate test for diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy and had helped in diagnosis of some rare heterozygous disorders like SA-HBQ India, SA-Hereditary persistence of foetal haemoglobin, HBD-SA. This is one of the largest and first of its kind prospective study which will help in prevention and cost effective management in targeted population.

scholarly journals http://www.revistageintec.net/index.php/revista/article/view/1668

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
M. Kasiselvanathan ◽  
S. Lakshmi Narayanan ◽  
K.B. Gurumoorthy ◽  
N. Subbulakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Portable Monitoring ◽  
Communication Method ◽  
Arduino Uno ◽  
The Given

The Arduino UNO microcontroller based smart portable soil testing system is developed to determine the values like pH content and moisture level. This can be done using the sensor respectively to check the values. The GSM Module which uses the mobile communication to communicate the value to the given mobile. The communication method used here to retrieve the values whenever it is necessary and after getting the values it would be displayed in LCD. Then when the button is pressed, the GSM starts to work, search for the signal and after responding to the signal the values are sent to the registered mobile. This method would be easier to check the value of soil so that it will be viewed whenever the values are needed. It describes that the values are available at our doorstep because it is smart portable monitoring system. This project helps us to create a new idea to do further additional functions that can be done.

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