Instant qualitative feedback system on the basis of text data: Its use and future possibility

Scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) exist in two versions. In both of these, a pointed metal tip is scanned in close proximity to the specimen surface by means of three piezos. The distance of the tip from the sample is controlled by a feedback system to give a constant tunneling current between the tip and the sample. In the low-end STM, the system has a mechanical stability and a noise level to give a vertical resolution of between 0.1 nm and 1.0 nm. The atomic resolution STM can show individual atoms on the surface of the specimen.A low-end STM has been put into the specimen chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The first objective was to investigate technological problems such as surface profiling. The second objective was for exploratory studies. This second objective has already been achieved by showing that the STM can be used to study trapping sites in SiO2.

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Rubber Roads a Future Possibility

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican10241914-272asupp ◽

1914 ◽

Vol 78 (2025supp) ◽

pp. 272-272

Keyword(s):

Future Possibility

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Clinical Renal Function Testing by External Double Isotope Monitoring Technique

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1624730 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 16-24

Author(s):

J. Fog Pedersen ◽

M. Fog Pedersen ◽

Paul Madsen

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Plasma Flow ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Feedback System ◽

Effective Renal Plasma Flow ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages

SummaryAn accurate catheter-free technique for clinical determination simultaneouslyof glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow by means of radioisotopes has been developed. The renal function is estimated by the amount of radioisotopes necessary to maintain a constant concentration in the patient’s blood. The infusion pumps are steered by a feedback system, the pumps being automatically turned on when the radiation measured over the patient’s head falls below a certain preset level and turned off when this level is again readied. 131I-iodopyracet was used for the estimation of effective renal plasma flow and125I-iothalamate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate. These clearances were compared to the conventional bladder clearances and good correlation was found between these two clearance methods (correlation coefficients 0.97 and.90 respectively). The advantages and disadvantages of this new clearance technique are discussed.

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A Numerically Coded File of Operative Procedures Derived from a Free Text Data Collection System : A Measure of the Accuracy

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1635717 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 15 (01) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Carmen A. Scudiero ◽

Ruth L. Wong

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Operative Procedures ◽

Free Text ◽

Collection System ◽

Process Data ◽

Text Data ◽

Data Collection System ◽

History Of ◽

Correlation System

A free text data collection system has been developed at the University of Illinois utilizing single word, syntax free dictionary lookup to process data for retrieval. The source document for the system is the Surgical Pathology Request and Report form. To date 12,653 documents have been entered into the system.The free text data was used to create an IRS (Information Retrieval System) database. A program to interrogate this database has been developed to numerically coded operative procedures. A total of 16,519 procedures records were generated. One and nine tenths percent of the procedures could not be fitted into any procedures category; 6.1% could not be specifically coded, while 92% were coded into specific categories. A system of PL/1 programs has been developed to facilitate manual editing of these records, which can be performed in a reasonable length of time (1 week). This manual check reveals that these 92% were coded with precision = 0.931 and recall = 0.924. Correction of the readily correctable errors could improve these figures to precision = 0.977 and recall = 0.987. Syntax errors were relatively unimportant in the overall coding process, but did introduce significant error in some categories, such as when right-left-bilateral distinction was attempted.The coded file that has been constructed will be used as an input file to a gynecological disease/PAP smear correlation system. The outputs of this system will include retrospective information on the natural history of selected diseases and a patient log providing information to the clinician on patient follow-up.Thus a free text data collection system can be utilized to produce numerically coded files of reasonable accuracy. Further, these files can be used as a source of useful information both for the clinician and for the medical researcher.

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Continuous Estimation of CO2 Production during Exercise

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1636856 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 36 (04/05) ◽

pp. 368-371

Author(s):

R. Soma ◽

Y. Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Steady State ◽

Infusion Rate ◽

Feedback System ◽

Whole Body ◽

Co2 Production ◽

Cycle Exercise ◽

Continuous Estimation ◽

Breath Measurement ◽

13Co2 Enrichment

Abstract.A new method was developed for continuous isotopic estimation of human whole body CO2 rate of appearance (Ra) during non-steady state exercise. The technique consisted of a breath-by-breath measurement of 13CO2 enrichment (E) and a real-time fuzzy logic feedback system which controlled NaH13CO3 infusion rate to achieve an isotopic steady state. Ra was estimated from the isotope infusion rate and body 13CO2 enrichment which was equal to E at the isotopic steady state. During a non-steady state incremental cycle exercise (5 w/min or 10 w/min), NaH13CO3 infusion rate was successfully increased by the action of feedback controller so as to keep E constant.

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Supercontinuum laser-based monochromatic radiant source for detector spectral responsivity characterization in the range 0.9–1.6 μm using absolute cryogenic radiometer

Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika ◽

10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-11-28-33 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

A. Yu. Dunaev ◽

A. S. Baturin ◽

V. N. Krutikov ◽

S. P. Morozova

Keyword(s):

Power Distribution ◽

Spectral Power ◽

Feedback System ◽

Operating Mode ◽

Spectral Responsivity ◽

Spectral Power Distribution ◽

Cryogenic Radiometer ◽

Supercontinuum Laser ◽

Radiant Power ◽

Double Monochromator

An improved monochromatic radiant source with spectral bandwidth of 4 nm based on supercontinuum laser and a double monochromator was included in absolute cryogenic radiometer-based facility to improve the accuracy of spectral responsivity measurement in the range 0.9–1.6 μm. The developed feedback system ensures stabilization of monochromatic radiant power with standard deviation up to 0.025 %. Radiant power that proceeds detector under test or absolute cryogenic radiometer varies from 0.1 to 1.5 mW in dependence of wavelength. The spectral power distribution of its monochromatic source for various operating mode is presented.

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Diagnostics of professional competence of IT students based on digital footprint data

Informatics and Education ◽

10.32517/0234-0453-2020-35-4-4-11 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 4-11

Author(s):

I. G. Zakharova ◽

Yu. V. Boganyuk ◽

M. S. Vorobyova ◽

E. A. Pavlova

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Educational Program ◽

Professional Competence ◽

Objective Data ◽

Text Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Job Requirements ◽

Digital Footprint ◽

Graduate Employment ◽

The University

The article goal is to demonstrate the possibilities of the approach to diagnosing the level of IT graduates’ professional competence, based on the analysis of the student’s digital footprint and the content of the corresponding educational program. We describe methods for extracting student professional level indicators from digital footprint text data — courses’ descriptions and graduation qualification works. We show methods of comparing these indicators with the formalized requirements of employers, reflected in the texts of vacancies in the field of information technology. The proposed approach was applied at the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of the University of Tyumen. We performed diagnostics using a data set that included texts of courses’ descriptions for IT areas of undergraduate studies, 542 graduation qualification works in these areas, 879 descriptions of job requirements and information on graduate employment. The presented approach allows us to evaluate the relevance of the educational program as a whole and the level of professional competence of each student based on objective data. The results were used to update the content of some major courses and to include new elective courses in the curriculum.

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