Research on warning and monitoring mechanism of economic operation of air passenger transport economic operation under the impact of COVID-19

Author(s):  
Yin He ◽  
Mengyuan Lu
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Nazlia Jamil ◽  
Sherliza Puat Nelson

Financial reporting quality has been under scrutiny especially after the collapse of major companies. The main objective of this study is to investigate the audit committee’s effectiveness on the financial reporting quality among the Malaysian GLCs following the transformation program. In particular, the study examined the impact of audit committee characteristics (independence, size, frequency of meeting and financial expertise) on earnings management in periods prior to and following the transformation program (2003-2009). As of 31 December 2010, there were 33 public-listed companies categorized as Government-Linked Companies (GLC Transformation Policy, 2010) and there were 20 firms that have complete data that resulted in the total number of firm-year observations to 120 for six years (years 2003-2009).  Results show that the magnitude of earnings management as proxy of financial reporting quality is influenced by the audit committee independence. Agency theory was applied to explain audit committee, as a monitoring mechanism as well as reducing agency costs via gaining competitive advantage in knowledge, skills, and expertise towards financial reporting quality. The study is important as it provides additional knowledge about the impact of audit committees effectiveness on reducing the earnings management, and assist practitioners, policymakers and regulators such as Malaysian Institute of Accountants, Securities Commission and government to determine ways to enhance audit committees effectiveness and improve the financial reporting of GLCs, as well as improving the quality of the accounting profession.     


2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-873
Author(s):  
Branimir Maretić ◽  
Borna Abramović

The planning and organisation of public passenger transport in rural areas is a complex process. The transport demand in rural areas is often low, which makes it hard to establish and run a financially sustainable public transport system. A solution is integrated passenger transport that eliminates deficiencies and provides benefits for all participants in the public passenger transport process. This paper describes the impact of integrated passenger transport on mobility in rural areas and critically evaluates different literature sources. Integration of passenger transport in urban areas has been described in the context of rural areas, and the challenges of integration of public passenger transport specific to rural areas have been analysed. Through the application in urban and rural areas, the planning of integrated and non-integrated passenger transport has been functionally analysed. The analysis found an increase in the degree of mobility in the areas that use integrated passenger transport compared to the non-integrated one. This research of the literature review has identified the rural areas of mobility as under-researched. The mobility research can set up a more efficient passenger transport planning system in rural areas.


2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4355-4362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Wise ◽  
G. Page Kyle ◽  
Jim Dooley ◽  
Son H. Kim

2018 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 02007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Gnap ◽  
Tomáš Settey ◽  
Dominika Beňová

The paper deals with the study of the impact of regular air passenger transport on international long-distance regular bus transport in the Slovak Republic. The comparative period is 2017 (2018) with 2008. The issue is also related to the issue of the use of Slovakian airports for regular air transport after the Slovak Republic entered the European Union in 2004. According to the results of the 2008 survey, both modes of transport have significantly affected the economic crisis. The development of low-cost airlines also affected the decrease in the number of issued transport licenses in 2018 compared to 2008 in international regular bus transport.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoshu Cao ◽  
Shishu OuYang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Wenyue Yang

Controlling and mitigating CO2 emissions is a challenge for the global environment. Furthermore, transportation is one of the major sources of energy consumption and air pollution emissions. For this reason, this paper estimated CO2 emissions by the bottom-up method, and presented spatiotemporal patterns by spatial autocorrelation methods from transportation during the period 2006 to 2016. It further analyzed the impact factors of CO2 emissions in the Pearl River Delta by the Logarithmic Mean Divisa Index (LMDI)decomposition method. The results indicated that from 2006 to 2016, total CO2 emissions increased year by year. Guangzhou and Shenzhen were the major contributors to regional transportation CO2 emissions. From the perspective of different transport modes, intercity passenger transport and freight transport have always been dominant in the past 11 years. The results indicated that aviation transport was the largest contributor, and that travel by road was the second one. The CO2 emissions generated by rail and water transport were much lower than those from aviation. Private cars became the main source of urban passenger transport CO2 emissions, and their advantages kept increasing. The results indicated that the spatial agglomeration trend feature was negatively correlated, and the further the distance, the more similar the attributes. The cumulative contribution values of population, economic development, transport intensity, energy intensity and energy structure were all positive values, while the cumulative contribution values of transport structure and emission factor were negative. The findings of this study offer help for the scientific understanding of those CO2 emissions from transportation, and for adopting effective measures to reduce CO2 emissions and for the development of green transportation.


Author(s):  
Evgeniy Uvarov

This article describes the shadow economy in the public passenger transport sphere in regions of Russia. The goal of the work is to evaluate the impact of a non-cash payment system on the shadow economy. The relevance is to obtain quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of contactless payments using debit, credit and/or transport cards as a tool to combat the concealment of income by transport organizations via hiding the data on passengers carried in regions of Russia. The author uses econometric analysis of panel data for the period 2015–2018, where the dependent variable is the number of passengers carried. Among the independent variables are such indicators as price for a ride, number of population, number of buses, income of population, and other indicators that reflect presence or absence of discount for paying for a ride via debit, credit and/or transport cards in regions in Russia. The model considers autocorrelation and heteroskedasticity of the error in the regression, but also endogeneity of the variable «Price for a ride». As the results of research, absence of discount via a debit/credit card and discount via a transport card leads to an increase of the number of passengers carried. Meanwhile, presence of discount via a debit/credit card and absence of discount via a transport card does not lead to an increase of the number of passengers carried. At the end of 2018 a non-cash system got the most proliferation in the municipal transport than in commercial one


Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar M

Power saving and carbon discount becomes the worldwide issue for saving the earth. given that humans often forget about to show off the electric centers with carelessness, so the effect of passive to remind people for strength-saving changed into restricted, but if we constructed automobile and energetic monitoring mechanism to proceed to energy control, the impact of energy-saving could be a whole lot higher. the detecting of walking parameters of the strength-saving machine turned into affected by layout fee and efficiency, which incorporates electricity, strength thing, voltage and cutting-edge, harmonic. The gap parameters consist of class of facilities, variety of human beings, temperature, co2, humidity, luminance, the location of people and so forth.


2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 527-530
Author(s):  
Si Tao Hu ◽  
Xue Mei Wang

With the rapid development of high-speed passenger railway and inter-city railway, highway passenger transport is facing an unprecedented competition and pressure. The impact of high-speed railway on highway passenger transport has been analysis and the transport characteristics of high-speed railway are compared with the highways’. On the basis of the travel choice behavior of passengers analysis, the systematized countermeasures of highway passenger transport are put forward including precise orientation, strengthen marketing enhancement, technical support, resource integration, brand service and government help.


Transport ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bąk ◽  
Przemysław Borkowski

Impact of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) on sustainable transport development is indisputable. It can be tested through various methods. The identification and detailed analysis of specific types of ICT solutions, case studies approach or scenarios analysis are examples of perspectives for impact assessment that can lead to the proof that successful applications of ICT solutions entails optimised, more accessible, less resource consuming and less emission intensive transport. The impact of ICTs in travel induction and substitution and resulting decarbonisation effect is difficult to assess isolated from other social, economic and technologic drivers. Financial applicability reflects initial investment cost as well as operation maintenance costs. Organizational feasibility refers primarily to the necessary changes in organisation and conduct of operations created by introduction of ICTs. The social factor results from user and public acceptance or lack of it. User acceptance is combination of many sub factors of which most important are: D2D travel time, D2D travel costs, comfort and convenience, safety and security. The objective of the article is to present the applicability of ICT solutions in passenger transport from the perspective of transport users taking into consideration real case studies from different European background. These case studies were identified as a result of specific selection process in order to receive a complex and differentiated sample. The first element of the selection process was the identification of ICT solutions to be applied in case studies. The next element was the choice of regions corresponding to varied economic and geographic characteristics. In addition, cultural factors have a strong impact on the behaviour of users. The resulting multidimensional factor matrix allows for the selection of best fitting case studies, which have potential to cover most of the ICT applications. Five European settings are selected for in-depth research. Each case represents different geographic, social and economic area, which forms a good European sample across differentiated setups. Case studies are supported by user surveys. Surveys allow for direct answers regarding user attitudes towards proposed ICTs. Based on this approach findings could be reported. The main conclusion is that users in various regions with very different characteristics as to the wealth, GDP levels, geography, and cultural backgrounds represent surprisingly similar attitudes towards ICTs. Specific findings regarding different types of solutions and different type of users are presented in the article. The analysis of selected case studies shows also that they could offer solution to many of transport sector problems including key issues from transport policy agenda: environment, mobility or accessibility. The paper is based on the authors research conducted within COMPASS project (Optimised co-modal passenger transport for reducing carbon emissions, project co-funded by the European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme).


2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Cottam ◽  
Michael Roe ◽  
Jonathan Challacombe

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