Neuroendocrine tissue engineering in rotating wall vessel bioreactors under simulated microgravity conditions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.I. Lelkes ◽  
N. Akhtar ◽  
E. Lelkes ◽  
L. Maltz ◽  
R. Arthur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Rotating Wall ◽  
Rotating Wall Vessel ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

scholarly journals Scalable Microgravity Simulator Used for Long-Term Musculoskeletal Cells and Tissue Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8908
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cazzaniga ◽  
Fabian Ille ◽  
Simon Wuest ◽  
Carsten Haack ◽  
Adrian Koller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
New Device ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
Validation Tests

We introduce a new benchtop microgravity simulator (MGS) that is scalable and easy to use. Its working principle is similar to that of random positioning machines (RPM), commonly used in research laboratories and regarded as one of the gold standards for simulating microgravity. The improvement of the MGS concerns mainly the algorithms controlling the movements of the samples and the design that, for the first time, guarantees equal treatment of all the culture flasks undergoing simulated microgravity. Qualification and validation tests of the new device were conducted with human bone marrow stem cells (bMSC) and mouse skeletal muscle myoblasts (C2C12). bMSC were cultured for 4 days on the MGS and the RPM in parallel. In the presence of osteogenic medium, an overexpression of osteogenic markers was detected in the samples from both devices. Similarly, C2C12 cells were maintained for 4 days on the MGS and the rotating wall vessel (RWV) device, another widely used microgravity simulator. Significant downregulation of myogenesis markers was observed in gravitationally unloaded cells. Therefore, similar results can be obtained regardless of the used simulated microgravity devices, namely MGS, RPM, or RWV. The newly developed MGS device thus offers easy and reliable long-term cell culture possibilities under simulated microgravity conditions. Currently, upgrades are in progress to allow real-time monitoring of the culture media and liquids exchange while running. This is of particular interest for long-term cultivation, needed for tissue engineering applications. Tissue grown under real or simulated microgravity has specific features, such as growth in three-dimensions (3D). Growth in weightlessness conditions fosters mechanical, structural, and chemical interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix in any direction.

Characterization of the osteoblast-like cell phenotype under microgravity conditions in the NASA-approved rotating wall vessel bioreactor (RWV)

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Rucci ◽  
Silvia Migliaccio ◽  
Bianca Maria Zani ◽  
Anna Taranta ◽  
Anna Teti
Keyword(s):  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Rotating Wall ◽  
Rotating Wall Vessel ◽  
Microgravity Conditions

Role of Hfq in an animal–microbe symbiosis under simulated microgravity conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle C. Grant ◽  
Christina L.M. Khodadad ◽  
Jamie S. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Light Organ ◽  
Rotating Wall ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
Normal Light

AbstractMicrogravity has a profound impact on the physiology of pathogenic microbes; however, its effects on mutualistic microbes are relatively unknown. To examine the effects of microgravity on those beneficial microbes that associate with animal tissues, we used the symbiosis between the bobtail squidEuprymna scolopesand a motile, luminescent bacterium,Vibrio fischerias a model system. Specifically, we examined the role of Hfq, an RNA-binding protein known to be an important global regulator under space flight conditions, in the squid–vibrio symbiosis under simulated microgravity. To mimic a reduced gravity environment, the symbiotic partners were co-incubated in high-aspect-ratio rotating wall vessel bioreactors and examined at various stages of development. Results indicated that under simulated microgravity,hfqexpression was down-regulated inV. fischeri. A mutant strain defective inhfqshowed no colonization phenotype, indicating that Hfq was not required to initiate the symbiosis with the host squid. However, thehfqmutant showed attenuated levels of apoptotic cell death, a key symbiosis phenotype, within the host light organ suggesting that Hfq does contribute to normal light organ morphogenesis. Results also indicated that simulated microgravity conditions accelerated the onset of cell death in wild-type cells but not in thehfqmutant strains. These data suggest that Hfq plays an important role in the mutualism betweenV. fischeriand its animal host and that its expression can be negatively impacted by simulated microgravity conditions.

Bioactive and Degradable Composite Microcarriers for 3-D Bone Tissue Engineering in Simulated Microgravity

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Qing Qiu ◽  
Paul Ducheyne ◽  
Portonovo S. Ayyaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Simulated Microgravity ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Microgravity Environment ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Rotating Wall ◽  
Composite Microspheres

Abstract Microcarriers currently used in cell and tissue cultures in microgravity environment simulated by rotating-wall bioreactors are primarily biocompatible polymers. For bone cell cultures and tissue formation, bioactive glasses and ceramics have unique advantages, such as bone bonding ability and stimulation of bone cell functions.1 However, they are difficult to be processed into spherical microcarriers and have not been used in simulated microgravity environment until recently.2 In this study, we developed composite microspheres by incorporating bioactive glasses and ceramics into a polymer microsphere to combine the osteoconductivity of bioactive glasses and ceramics with the ease of polymer processing. In addition, the wide range of mechanical and biological properties of polymer offers the possibility of making composite microspheres with various desired properties, such as biodegradation. Another important factor in the microsphere design is the density of the microcarrier. Previous numerical analysis of the particle dynamics in a rotating-wall bioreactor has revealed that the shear stress imparted to a microcarrier increases with the density difference between the microcarrier and the culture medium.34 Solid ceramic particles would experience a high shear stress due to their high density and, as a results, affect cell attachment and cause cell damage.4 To alleviate the problem, microcarriers with a density close to that of the culture medium are desired. By combining biodegradable polymer with bioactive glasses and ceramics, the density of the composite microsphere could be adjusted and significantly reduced in comparison to solid ceramic microspheres. In this study, we report development and characterization of novel bioactive and degradable composite microspheres for 3-D bone tissue engineering in simulated microgravity environment.

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