Using polarimetric SAR beta in morphological analyses. The island of Ischia (Southern Italy)

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ferri ◽  
L. Castellano ◽  
A. Siciliano ◽  
R. Vigliotti ◽  
P. Murino
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Polarimetric Sar ◽  
Island Of Ischia

scholarly journals Review article: Brief history of volcanic risk in Neapolitan area (Campania, Southern Italy): a critical review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Carlino
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Campi Flegrei ◽  
Volcanic Risk ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Systematic Strategy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Very High ◽  
Island Of Ischia

Abstract. The presence of three active volcanoes (Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ischia Island) along the coast of Naples did not constrained the huge expansion of the urbanized zones around them. On the contrary, since Greek-Roman era, volcanoes have been an attractor for people who colonized Campania region. Stable settlements around Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei caldera and the Island of Ischia were progressively enlarged, reaching the maximum growth-rate between 1950 and 1980. Between 1982 and 1984, Neapolitan people faced the last and most dramatic volcanic crises, occurred at Campi Flegrei (Pozzuoli), without an eruption. Since that time, volcanologists have focused the attention on the problem of risk associated to eruptions in Neapolitan area, but a systematic strategy to reduce the very high volcanic risk of this area still lacks. A brief history of volcanic risk in Neapolitan district is here reported, trying to obtain new food for thought for the scientific community which works to the mitigation of volcanic risk of this area.

New seismological insights from the analyses of historical and recent earthquakes at Ischia Island (Southern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Carlino ◽  
Vincenzo Convertito ◽  
Anna Tramelli ◽  
Vincenzo De Novellis ◽  
Nicola Alessandro Pino
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Maximum Magnitude ◽  
Seismogenic Structure ◽  
Gulf Of Naples ◽  
Tectonic Earthquakes ◽  
Recent Earthquakes ◽  
Peculiar Case ◽  
Island Of Ischia ◽  
Northern Sector

<p>We report here a first comparative analysis between recent and historical earthquakes, occurred in the island of Ischia (Southern Italy), which produced heavy damages and thousands of fatalities. The island of Ischia is located in the Gulf of Naples, and represents a peculiar case of resurgent caldera in which volcano-tectonic earthquakes, with low magnitude, have generated large damages and catastrophic effects, as is the case for the 4 March 1881 (I<sub>max</sub>8-9 MCS) and the 28 July 1883 (I<sub>max</sub>10-11 MCS) events. Both the earthquakes struck the northern area of the island, similarly to the recent 21 August 2017 earthquake. The results allowed us to assess the location, as well as the possible dimension and the related maximum magnitude of the seismogenic structure, located in the northern sector of the island, and responsible of damaging earthquakes. Our results also provide an additional framework to interpret mechanisms leading to earthquakes associated with dynamics of calderas.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Volcanic soils and landslides: a case study of the island of Ischia (southern Italy) and its relationship with other Campania events

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 783-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vingiani ◽  
G. Mele ◽  
R. De Mascellis ◽  
F. Terribile ◽  
A. Basile
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Volcanic Soils ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Volcanic Origin ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Island Of Ischia

Abstract. An integrated investigation was carried out on the volcanic soils involved in the landslide phenomena that occurred in 2006 at Mt. Vezzi on the island of Ischia (southern Italy). Chemical (soil pH, organic carbon content, exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, Na adsorption ratio and Al, Fe and Si forms), physical (particle and pore size distribution, pore structure), hydrological (soil water retention, saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity), mineralogical and micromorphological analyses were carried out for three soil profiles selected in two of the main head scarps. The studied soils showed a substantial abrupt discontinuity in all the studied properties at the interface with a buried fine ash layer (namely, the 2C horizon), that was only marginally involved in the sliding surface of the landslide phenomena. When compared to the overlying horizons, 2C showed (i) fine grey ash that is almost pumice free, with the silt content increasing by 20 %; (ii) ks values 1 order of magnitude lower; (iii) a pore distribution concentrated into small (15–30 μm modal class) pores characterised by a very low percolation threshold (approximately 15–25 μm); (iv) the presence of expandable clay minerals; and (v) increasing Na content in the exchange complex. Most of these properties indicated that 2C was a lower permeability horizon compared to the overlying ones. Nevertheless, it was possible to assume this interface to be an impeding layer to vertical water fluxes only by the identification of a thin (6.5 mm) finely stratified ash layer, on top of 2C, and of the hydromorphic features (e.g. Fe / Mn concretions) within and on top of the layer. Although Mt. Vezzi's soil environment has many properties in common with those of other Campania debris-mudflows (e.g. high gradient, north-facing slope, similar forestry, and volcanic origin of the parent material), the results of this study suggest a more complex relationship between soil properties and landslides and emphasise the role of vertical discontinuities as noteworthy predisposing factors.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Aquifer Pumping Response and Quality of Water Extracted from Wells in an Active Hydrothermal System: The Case of the Island of Ischia (Southern Italy)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Piscopo ◽  
Fulvio Formica ◽  
Luigi Lana ◽  
Francesca Lotti ◽  
Luigi Pianese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal System ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Groundwater Temperature ◽  
Pumping Tests ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Island Of Ischia

The thermal waters of the Island of Ischia, an active volcano located in Southern Italy, are widely used for supplying numerous spas. Groundwater withdrawals occur mainly through wells in the coastal strip. This study explores the impact of withdrawals on the quality of the waters used in thermal facilities, which is required to be constant in terms of composition and temperature by law. For this purpose, specific investigations were conducted including 155 pumping tests, 124 water temperature measurements during pumping tests, 31 temperature and electrical conductivity logs and periodic chemical analysis of the waters of 21 selected wells. By comparing the response to pumping of the aquifer and the quality of the water extracted from the wells, it turned out that the quality of groundwater supplying spas depends not only on natural phenomena (meteoric recharge, seawater intrusion, and rising of deep hydrothermal fluids) but also relies on the island sector where groundwater is pumped and on the pumping method. The distance of the wells from the coast, the type of aquifer formation intersected by the wells, and the field of groundwater temperature of the hydrothermal system strongly affect the aquifer pumping response, determining the quality of water extracted from wells and its variation over time. In Ischia, techniques and regimes of groundwater withdrawals should adapt to the local aquifer pumping response, more than in another hydrogeological context. The concomitant analysis of drawdown, water temperature, and salinity during pumping turned out to be a valuable tool to define the sustainable yield of the single well.

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