The Impact of Cold Aisle Containment Pressure Relief on IT Availability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad. I. Tradat ◽  
Udaya L.N. Puvvadi ◽  
Bahgat G. Sammakia ◽  
Kanad Ghose ◽  
Mahmoud Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Cold Aisle Containment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Containment Pressure

Study on Dynamic Behavior of a Gas Pressure Relief Valve for a Big Flow Rate

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Sverbilov ◽  
Dmitry Stadnick ◽  
Georgy Makaryants
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Pressure Relief Valve ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pilot Valve

The paper investigates instable behavior of a poppet-type gas pressure relief valve operating at a big flow rate (more than 2 kg/s) under super critical pressure drop. Instability is experienced as noise and vibration and leads to severe damage of a seat and other elements. Significant and unsteady flow forces coupled with small inherent damping make it difficult to stabilize the system. In previous works, the analytical and experimental research was carried out to reveal the most essential factors influencing stability and dynamic properties of the valve. The impact of the pilot valve dynamics on the system behavior was studied for the purpose of obtaining required accuracy and stability in a wide range of flow rate. It was shown in some testing that unstable behavior of the main valve occurred when the pilot valve was stable. This paper considers inherent stability of the main valve in the gas flow. CFD software ANSYS FLUENT is employed to study the effect of the poppet geometry on aerodynamic lifting force and valve stability in axial and lateral direction. The results have been verified through comparison with experimental data.

scholarly journals Vibration Behavior during Underground Drilling Based on an Innovative Measurement Method and the Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Wenlong Zhang ◽  
Wenzhou Li ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Youliang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Pneumatic Drill ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Drilling Depth ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Phenomena ◽  
Relief Effect

Pressure relief drilling is one of the most common techniques to reduce the impact of rock burst, but the useful dynamic phenomena in the drilling process are ignored due to the lack of corresponding technical methods. Based on the fact, an innovative measurement method for vibration signals during the drilling construction by pneumatic drill rig is presented in this study. The acquisition and analysis of vibration signals show that the vibration information can reflect the drilling depth, the amplitude of different depth can reflect the pressure, and the vibration events of different depths can reflect the pressure relief effect. The method proposed in the study is of great significance to the supervision of the relief work quantity, the disclosure of the pressure situation, and the evaluation of the pressure relief effect.

Estimation of Impact Energy for Seat Seals in Spring-Operated Pressure Relief Valves During the Reseating Process Under Compressible Fluid Service Conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Schimanowski ◽  
Josef Schlattmann
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Pressure Relief Valves ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Abstract Spring operated pressure relief valves (SOPRVs) are used in many industrial fields for hazardous applications in order to protect people and environment as well as to reduce the risks of containment loss. Since SOPRVs are essential elements of safety systems, they are subject to strict functional and reliability requirements, which demand not only a proper disk lift but also give regulations concerning the maximum allowable valve tightness. However, despite the high practical importance of SOPRVs tightness through the whole life cycle, only initial tightness is considered in the literature and regulations. Therefore, in the present contribution we make an attempt to quantify the impact energy of the valve disk during the reseating of the valve, which is assumed to be the most relevant factor for repeated valve tightness. First, we present three different methods of increasing complexity for disk impact energy estimation. Subsequently, we demonstrate the application of these methods on the example of a SOPRV Type API 526 1E2 and discuss the findings. Finally, we consider a set of selected common used soft sealing materials and give implications for their usage within a range of set pressures and maximum disk lifts based on findings for the presented use case.

Impact of Internal Design on the Efficiency of IT Equipment in a Hot Aisle Containment System: An Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadegh Khalili ◽  
Husam Alissa ◽  
Kourosh Nemati ◽  
Mark Seymour ◽  
Robert Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Fan Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cold Aisle Containment ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Network Switches ◽  
The Impact

There are various designs for segregating hot and cold air in data centers such as cold aisle containment (CAC), hot aisle containment (HAC), and chimney exhaust rack. These containment systems have different characteristics and impose various conditions on the information technology equipment (ITE). One common issue in HAC systems is the pressure buildup inside the HAC (known as backpressure). Backpressure also can be present in CAC systems in case of airflow imbalances. Hot air recirculation, limited cooling airflow rate in servers, and reversed flow through ITE with weaker fan systems (e.g. network switches) are some known consequences of backpressure. Currently there is a lack of experimental data on the interdependency between overall performance of ITE and its internal design when a backpressure is imposed on ITE. In this paper, three commercial 2-rack unit (RU) servers with different internal designs from various generations and performance levels are tested and analyzed under various environmental conditions. Smoke tests and thermal imaging are implemented to study the airflow patterns inside the tested equipment. In addition, the impact leak of hot air into ITE on the fan speed and the power consumption of ITE is studied. Furthermore, the cause of the discrepancy between measured inlet temperatures by internal intelligent platform management interface (IPMI) and external sensors is investigated. It is found that arrangement of fans, segregation of space upstream and downstream of fans, leakage paths, location of sensors of baseboard management controller (BMC) and presence of backpressure can have a significant impact on ITE power and cooling efficiency.

Impact of Server Thermal Design on the Cooling Efficiency: Chassis Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadegh Khalili ◽  
Husam Alissa ◽  
Kourosh Nemati ◽  
Mark Seymour ◽  
Robert Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Design ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Cooling Efficiency ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Fan Speed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cold Aisle Containment ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

There are various designs for segregating hot and cold air in data centers such as cold aisle containment (CAC), hot aisle containment (HAC), and chimney exhaust rack. These containment systems have different characteristics and impose various conditions on the information technology equipment (ITE). One common issue in HAC systems is a pressure build-up inside the HAC (known as backpressure). Backpressure also can be present in CAC systems in case of airflow imbalances. Hot air recirculation, limited cooling airflow rate in servers, and reversed flow through ITE with weaker fan systems (e.g., network switches) are some known consequences of backpressure. Currently, there is a lack of experimental data on the interdependency between overall performance of ITE and its internal design when backpressure is imposed on ITE. In this paper, three commercial 2-rack unit (RU) servers with different internal designs from various generations and performance levels are tested and analyzed under various environmental conditions. Smoke tests and thermal imaging are implemented to study the airflow patterns inside the tested equipment. In addition, the impact of hot air leakage into the servers through chassis perforations on the fan speed and the power consumption of the servers are studied. Furthermore, the cause of the discrepancy between measured inlet temperatures by the intelligent platform management interface (IPMI) and external sensors is investigated. It is found that arrangement of fans, segregation of space upstream and downstream of fans, leakage paths, the location of baseboard management controller (BMC) sensors, and the presence of backpressure can have a significant impact on ITE power and cooling efficiency.

Study on Pressure Relief Scope of Underlying Coal Rock with Upper Protective Layer Mining

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 661-665
Author(s):  
Ben Qing Yuan ◽  
Yong Jiang Zhang ◽  
Jian Jun Cao ◽  
Guo Jian Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Infinite Plane ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Discrimination Criterion ◽  
Coal Rock ◽  
Elastic Mechanics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scope Of Protection

In this paper,in the case of upper protective layer mining of a mine for the engineering background, based on the model of semi-infinite plane body in elastic mechanics, the theoretical calculation model of verticalhorizontalshear stress of floor coal rock is established, and it is concluded that the stress expression of any point in the impact of distributed force. By introducing the rock strength index I and generalized Hooke's law, it is concluded that the discrimination criterion of guide gas fissure zone and pressure relief desorption belt of underlying coal rock with upper protective layer mining. The pressure relief scope of protection with the mining of upper protective layer is determined. Theoretical analysis shows that: the "pressure relief desorption zone" of the underlying protected coal seam that the vertical distance to the protective layer is 40m lags behind 22.2m.Through field test, the results show that the obtained pressure relief scope of protection is 26.98m,and the theoretical analysis results are basically similar.

Study on Floor Pressure Relief Law of Simultaneous Mining Working Faces in close Distance Seam Group of Dongsheng Coalfield

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 2525-2532
Author(s):  
De Ming Chen ◽  
Chun Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Coal Pitch ◽  
Mine Pressure ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Floor Rock ◽  
Working Face ◽  
Damage Depth ◽  
The Impact

In order to research floor pressure relief law of shallowly buried descending coal-mining working face covered with thin soft bedrock in Dongsheng coalfield , taking Lijiahao coal mine for example, firstly, to calculate the impact depth was 18.86m by the theoretical formula, then analyzing coal and rock mass stress and displacement variation of the upper work surface to its floor during mining based on numerical simulation. Obtaining coal and rock pressure relief depth of the floor was 70m, with the working face advancing, the pressure relief depth and range became larger, to achieve stable at a certain number;affected by the mining of 2-2 coal, coal and rock mass strength of its floor was weak, the largest damage depth was about 18m,this result would provide a basis to the roadway of the 3-1 coal in different coal pitch; affected by the mining, the goaf overburden and floor of 2-2 coal working face appeared "O" shape fracture zone, the floor rock fissure of 2-2 coal got through to the roof of 3-1 coal,cracks formed transfixion,which made the pressure change of 3-1 coal working face, Mine pressure appearance tended to be ease, it would be easily control if the roadway of 3-1 coal was arranged in the area of pressure relief. The theoretical results would be useful to actual production.

Orifice Design of a Pilot-Operated Pressure Relief Valve

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Chan Jang ◽  
Jung Ho Kang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Strong Shock ◽  
Pressure Relief Valve ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Relief Valve ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design And Production

An important safety factor to be considered when designing a plant is the prevention of overpressure-induced explosions, to which many plants are vulnerable because of pressurized fluids in plant components. A pilot-operated pressure relief valve is a core device for venting off overpressure formed inside vessels and pipelines. The pilot-operated pressure relief valve has a highly complicated structure, and its design and production should be thoroughly studied. In this study, a simplified structure for the pilot-operated pressure relief valve was proposed to facilitate the design and production processes, and the effective ranges of its design variables were determined to enable the prediction of the impact of the design variables in the design and production processes. The ranges determined were validated by a numerical flow analysis and experiment as follows. We calculated the maximum orifice diameter at which the main valve does not open and examined the minimum orifice diameter that can resist the impact of strong shock waves. Additionally, we defined the orifice diameter range that ensures the stable opening and closing of the main valve under various pressure conditions. The effective ranges of the design variables determined in this study can be used to ensure safe operation of a pilot-operated pressure relief valve under various pressure conditions with the design of the proposed simplified structure.

Simple Balance Computing Studies Distilled in the Process of the Oil Distillation Based on Excel

2011 ◽  
Vol 304 ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Zhao Hui Shi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Ethyl Benzene ◽  
Pressure Relief ◽  
Relative Volatility ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Equilibrium Calculations ◽  
The Ideal

Based on the Excel software , we have studied the Numeric computations and quantitative research of the easy balance to distill for the distillation process, we could use Excel to achieve the calculation in five cases about the ideal system of two-component foam and flash of dew point problems.Also we could analyze the impact of reduced pressure on its equilibrium. Calculations show that Pressure-relief can greatly reduce the bubble and the dew point of the Ethyl Benzene - Styrene Mixtures , but the relative volatility increases little, having little effects on the degree of difficulty of separation.In vacuum distillation, the relative volatility α with the liquid phase mole fraction x changes almost nothing. We can also confirme that Excel has the versatility, which is simple and easy to master.It’s own library functions can be used the power of simple programming,in iterative calculations and data fitting, etc. which is of the complex chemical process.

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