Histological analysis of different local haemostatic agents used for periapical surgery: An experimental study with Sprague‐Dawley rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Jesús Mena‐Álvarez ◽  
Norberto Quispe‐López ◽  
Álvaro Zubizarreta‐Macho ◽  
Cristina Rico‐Romano ◽  
Rosa Rodero‐Villanueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Haemostatic Agents

Strain Differences Occurring in an Experimental Study of Punishment

1965 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton H. Kleban
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Training Procedure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Y Maze ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Difference

Forty-three Sprague-Dawley and 43 Wistar rats were given reward training for 40 trials in a Y-maze. On the next 20 trials, control groups were continued under the same training procedure, and 50% shock trials were introduced in the training of the remaining rats. For the extinction training, the reward was shifted to the opposite arm and 50% shock was continued for the no-delay and 30-sec. delay shock groups. The most significant results were that in the 30-sec. delay groups, the delay helped the Sprague-Dawley rats reverse in a minimum number of trials, whereas the Wistar rats showed strong indications of response stereotypy. The findings with respect to the Sprague-Dawley rats supported the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of delay in overcoming response persistence and the findings on the Wistar rats supported the empirical evidence on omission in punishment. The difference in response to punishment between the two albino strains emphasizes the need for experimental study of strain factors. Experiments should be repeated with several animal strains to remedy over-generalization from single strains and to help elaborate our understanding of the interaction present between punishment and strains.

An experimental study of bisphosphonate-induced jaws osteonecrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pía López-Jornet ◽  
Fabio Camacho-Alonso ◽  
Francisco Molina-Miñano ◽  
Francisco Gómez-García ◽  
Vicente Vicente-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Persistent functional and structural retinal anomalies in newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Lachapelle ◽  
Olga Dembinska ◽  
Luz Marina Rojas ◽  
Julie Benoit ◽  
Guillermina Almazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modification ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Plexiform Layer ◽  
Oscillatory Potentials ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Retina Development ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Retinal Disorder

Previous studies have shown that newborn rats exposed postnatally to hyperoxia will develop a permanent impairment of the retinal function as determined with the electroretinogram (ERG). The purpose of our study was to examine whether postnatal hyperoxia equally alters the light- and dark-adapted ERGs and oscillatory potentials (OPs) as well as leads to permanent structural modification of the retina. During the first 14 days of life, cohorts of Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a hyperoxic environment, and ERGs were recorded at mean ages of approximately 25 and 55 days. Our results indicate that both light- and dark-adapted ERGs and OPs are already significantly altered within a few days following exposure to hyperoxia. None of the ERG and (or) OP parameters, with the exception of the a-wave, returned to normal values by 55 days of age. In fact some dark-adapted OPs were completely abolished following postnatal O2 exposure. Histological analysis revealed that the retina of rats exposed to hyperoxia failed to develop an outer plexiform layer and had a reduced count of horizontal cells, consistent with the permanent postreceptoral anomalies seen in the ERG responses. Our results suggest that postnatal hyperoxia causes a generalized retinal disorder leading to permanent structural modifications of the retinal cytoarchitecture and lasting anomalies of the rod and cone functions.Key words: rods, cones, electroretinography, oscillatory potentials, hyperoxia, retina, development.

scholarly journals THE NEPHROTOXICITY OF CONCURRENT USE OF ENALAPRIL AND GENTAMICIN IN RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Imad M Al-ani ◽  
Khaleed R Algantri ◽  
Emad M Nafie ◽  
Sinan Mohammed Abdullah Al-mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Objective: The present study was aimed to assess the concurrent administration of Enalapril (ENAL) and Gentamicin (GM) in the kidney of rats.Methods: Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 main groups (n=15) according to the administered dose. Each main group was further subdivided into three subgroups according to the day of sacrificing (n=5). Group (C) was administered daily with normal saline as control, Group (E) was treated with oral ENAL (2 mg/kg/day), Group (G) was treated with GM (75 mg/kg/day), and Group (EG) was treated ENAL (2 mg/kg/day) and GM (75 mg/kg/day). The handling of the experiment persisted daily for 15 days, and the investigational examination carried out on days 5, 10, and 15.Results: The result showed that GM nephrotoxicity augmented with the period of the experimental study, there was rising in the levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen on the 10th day and persisted in rising significantly during the period on the 15th day of the experiment. Administration of ENAL showed no significant alteration from those of controls. While the concurrent administration of ENAL and GM showed that ENAL gradually increased GM nephrotoxicity, these physiological retrogressions were accompanied with intensive renal histopathological deteriorations.Conclusion: The present study has revealed that the concurrent administration of ENAL enormously aggravated the functional and histological nephrotoxicity of GM in rats.

scholarly journals Diabetes increases brain damage caused by severe hypoglycemia

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
pp. E194-E201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Bree ◽  
Erwin C. Puente ◽  
Dorit Daphna-Iken ◽  
Simon J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Brain Tissue Damage ◽  
Extent Of Damage

Insulin-induced severe hypoglycemia causes brain damage. The hypothesis to be tested was that diabetes portends to more extensive brain tissue damage following an episode of severe hypoglycemia. Nine-week-old male streptozotocin-diabetic (DIAB; n = 10) or vehicle-injected control (CONT; n = 7) Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hyperinsulinemic (0.2 U·kg−1·min−1) severe hypoglycemic (10–15 mg/dl) clamps while awake and unrestrained. Groups were precisely matched for depth and duration (1 h) of severe hypoglycemia (CONT 11 ± 0.5 and DIAB 12 ± 0.2 mg/dl, P = not significant). During severe hypoglycemia, an equal number of episodes of seizure-like activity were noted in both groups. One week later, histological analysis demonstrated extensive neuronal damage in regions of the hippocampus, especially in the dentate gyrus and CA1 regions and less so in the CA3 region ( P < 0.05), although total hippocampal damage was not different between groups. However, in the cortex, DIAB rats had significantly (2.3-fold) more dead neurons than CONT rats ( P < 0.05). There was a strong correlation between neuronal damage and the occurrence of seizure-like activity ( r2 > 0.9). Separate studies conducted in groups of diabetic ( n = 5) and nondiabetic ( n = 5) rats not exposed to severe hypoglycemia showed no brain damage. In summary, under the conditions studied, severe hypoglycemia causes brain damage in the cortex and regions within the hippocampus, and the extent of damage is closely correlated to the presence of seizure-like activity in nonanesthetized rats. It is concluded that, in response to insulin-induced severe hypoglycemia, diabetes uniquely increases the vulnerability of specific brain areas to neuronal damage.

scholarly journals Effect of consumption of fresh and heated virgin coconut oil on the blood pressure and inflammatory biomarkers: An experimental study in Sprague Dawley rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afiq Hamsi ◽  
Faizah Othman ◽  
Srijit Das ◽  
Yusof Kamisah ◽  
Zar Chi Thent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals The Effect of Endurance Training and Saffron Extract on Plasma Levels of Interleukin 17 and 18 in Alzheimer’s Rats by Trimethyltin Chloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Tahvili ◽  
◽  
Mozhgan Ahmadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Saffron Extract ◽  
Trimethyltin Chloride

Objective: The Pathological symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and the degeneration of nerve cells cause inflammation in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance training and saffron extract on the plasma levels of interleukin 17 and 18 in Alzheimer’s rats by trimethyltin chloride.  Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180 ± 20 grams. After Alzheimer’s induction (by the intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg trimethyltin chloride), the rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control, training, saffron extract, saffron extract + training. The saffron extract was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 25 mg/kg, daily, for eight weeks. Also, the endurance training program consisted of incremental running on the treadmill at a speed of 15 to 20 m/min. The program was performed in 15 to 30 minutes sessions, three sessions per week, for eight weeks. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at the P < 0.05. Results: The results showed that exercise (P=0.10), saffron consumption (P=0.07), and the interaction of exercise and saffron consumption (P=0.06) did not significantly affect interleukin 17, in rats. Also, exercise (P=0.68), saffron consumption (P=0.84), and the interaction of exercise and saffron consumption (P=0.57) had no significant effect on interleukin 18, in rats. Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that exercise training and saffron extract do not affect the interleukin 17 and interleukin 18 in Alzheimer’s rats.

scholarly journals Chronic stress increases the tyrosine phosphorylation in female reproductive organs: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudtida Bunsueb ◽  
Natthapol Lapyuneyong ◽  
Saranya Tongpan ◽  
Supatcharee Arun ◽  
Sitthichai Iamsaard
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sds Page

Background: Changes in tyrosine-phosphorylated (TyrPho) protein expressions have demonstrated stress in males. In females, chronic stress (CS) is a major cause of infertility, especially anovulation. However, the tyrosine phosphorylation in the female reproductive system under stress conditions has never been reported. Objective: To investigate the alteration of TyrPho protein expression in ovary, oviduct, and uterus of CS rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 16 female Sprague-Dawley rats (5 wk: 220-250 gr) were divided into control and CS groups (n = 8/group). Every day, the CS animals were immobilized within a restraint cage and individually forced to swim in cold water for 60 consecutive days. Following the stress induction, the ovary, oviduct, and uterus of all rats were observed for their morphologies. The total protein profiles of all tissues were revealed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) before detecting TyrPho proteins using western blot. Intensity analysis was used to compare the expression of proteins between groups. Results: The results showed that the morphology and weights of ovary and oviduct in the CS group were not different from control. In contrast, the CS significantly increased the uterine weight as compared to control. Moreover, the expressions of TyrPho proteins in the ovary (72, 43, and 28 kDas), oviduct (170, 55, and 43 kDas), and uterus (55, 54, and 43 kDas) were increased in CS group as compared to those of control. Conclusion: The increased expressions of TyrPho proteins in ovary, oviduct, and uterus could be potential markers used to explain some mechanisms of female infertility caused by chronic stress. Key words: Ovary, Oviduct, Uterus, Phosphorylation.

Histological analysis of the effects of cadmium, chromium and mercury alone and in combination on the spleen of male Sprague-Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 925-934
Author(s):  
Chantelle Venter ◽  
Anel Olivier ◽  
Helena Taute ◽  
Hester M. Oberholzer
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats
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