Diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment in a Norwegian diabetic coast population with a high dietary intake of fish oils. An observational study

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) in its advanced stage is a leading cause of blindness and visual impairment. Despite efforts at early detection of DR, disease monitoring, and medical therapy, significant proportions of people living with diabetes still progress to develop the advanced proliferative disease, which is characterized by neovascularization, actively proliferating fibrovascular membranes, and retinal traction. The surgical removal of this proliferating tissue and the treatment of the retinal ischemic drive can be very rewarding, providing significant stability of the retina and in several cases improved retinal anatomy and vision. Diabetic vitrectomy comprises a broad range of surgical techniques and maneuvers, which offer the surgeon and patient opportunity to reverse deranged vitreoretinal anatomy and improve or stabilizes vision. Advances in vitreoretinal technology have contributed greatly to more recent improved outcomes; it is expected that future advances will offer even more benefit.

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A prospective observational study to analyse the relationship between fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension with visual impairment and its reversibility

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20214345 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 4272

Author(s):

Vinitha Dharmalingam ◽

R. Kala

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽

Choroidal Ischemia ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Changes In Pregnancy ◽

The Relationship ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Irreversible visual impairment and morbidity are associated with pregnancy induced hypertension. It causes pathological changes in vascularity of placenta, kidney and brain along with two major pathological types of changes in fundus namely arteriolar vasospasm and permeability changes in vascular endothelium. The aim of our study was to analyse the relationship between fundus changes in pregnancy induced hypertension with visual impairment and its reversibility.Methods: A prospective observational study done on pregnant women with any grade of pregnancy induced hypertension with recent visual impairment from 24 completed weeks of pregnancy.Results: Out of 75 patients with PIH, all the patients had varying degree of fundus changes in one or both eyes. In 150 eyes of the 75 patients, 86 (57.30%) eyes had isolated arteriolar vasospasm, 14 (9.33%) had grade III hypertensive retinopathy, 4 (2.66%) had grade IV hypertensive retinopathy, 30 (20%) had macular oedema, 4 (2.66%) had central serous chorioretinopathy, 2 (1.33%) had vascular occlusion, 2 (2.66%) eyes had normal fundus with cortical blindness, 2 (2.66%) had exudative retinal detachment, 6 (4%) eyes had normal fundus with changes in the other eye.Conclusions: Out of 75 patients, 7 (9.3%) patients had irreversible loss of vision, 3 (42.85%) due to arteriolar vasospasm, and 4 (57.15%) due to choroidal ischemia. Among the 4 patients with choroidal ischemia, 3 (75%) were in the group of eclampsia and 1 (25%) in gestational hypertension.

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Impact of Diabetic Retinopathy on Cardiac Outcome After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Prospective Observational Study

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.athoracsur.2005.07.057 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 608-612 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Takayuki Ono ◽

Takeki Ohashi ◽

Teiji Asakura ◽

Nagara Ono ◽

Minoru Ono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Observational Study ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Coronary Artery Bypass ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

Artery Bypass Graft ◽

Cardiac Outcome

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Incidence of hospitalized osteoporotic fractures in cohorts with high dietary intake of persistent organochlorine compounds

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health ◽

10.1007/s00420-002-0408-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 246-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Ann-Kathrine Alveblom ◽

Lars Rylander ◽

Olof Johnell ◽

Lars Hagmar

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Osteoporotic Fractures ◽

Organochlorine Compounds ◽

Persistent Organochlorine ◽

High Dietary Intake ◽

Persistent Organochlorine Compounds

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Common age-related eye diseases and visual impairment

Oxford Textbook of Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198701590.003.0151 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1165-1170

Author(s):

Jacqueline Chua ◽

Ching-Yu Cheng ◽

Tien Yin Wong

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Age Related ◽

Eye Disorders ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Uncorrected Refractive Error

General physicians have an essential role in preventing vision loss in older people. However, most vision-threatening eye disorders are initially asymptomatic and often go underdiagnosed. Therefore screening, early detection, and timely intervention are important in their management. The most common cause of visual impairment is uncorrected or undercorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Spectacles and cataract surgery can successfully restore sight for uncorrected refractive error and cataract, respectively. Visual impairment as a result of age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy can be prevented with appropriate treatment if they are identified early enough. This chapter provides an overview of common age-related eye disease and visual impairment.

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Poor person and areal socioeconomic status is associated with increased diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment incidence and progression

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316430 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316430

Author(s):

Jin Rong Low ◽

Alfred Tau Liang Gan ◽

Eva K Fenwick ◽

Preeti Gupta ◽

Tien Y Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Visual Impairment ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Low Income ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Population Based ◽

Housing Type ◽

Incidence Risk

BackgroundTo investigate the longitudinal associations between person-level and area-level socioeconomic status (PLSES and ALSES, respectively) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and visual impairment (VI) in Asians with diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsIn this population-based cohort study, we included 468 (39.4%) Malays and 721 (60.6%) Indians with DM, with a mean age (SD) of 58.9 (9.1) years; 50.6% were female and the mean follow-up duration was 6.2 (0.9) years. Individual PLSES parameters (education, monthly income and housing type) were quantified using questionnaires. ALSES was assessed using the Socioeconomic Disadvantage Index derived from Singapore’s 2010 areal census (higher scores indicate greater disadvantage). Incident DR and VI were defined as absent at baseline but present at follow-up, while DR and VI progression were defined as a ≥1 step increase in severity category at follow-up. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to determine the associations of PLSES and ALSES with incidence and progression of DR and VI, adjusting for relevant confounders.ResultsIn multivariable models, per SD increase in ALSES score was associated with greater DR incidence (risk ratio (95% CI) 1.27 (1.13 to 1.44)), DR progression (1.10 (1.00 to 1.20)) and VI incidence (1.10 (1.04 to 1.16)), while lower PLSES variables were associated with increased DR (low income: 1.68 (1.21 to 2.34)) and VI (low income: 1.44 (1.13 to 1.83); ≤4 room housing: 2.00 (1.57 to 2.54)) incidence.ConclusionsWe found that both PLSES and ALSES variables were independently associated with DR incidence, progression and associated vision loss in Asians. Novel intervention strategies targeted at low socioeconomic status communities to decrease rates of DR and VI are warranted.

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