Contraction and elongation: Mechanics underlying cell boundary deformations in epithelial tissue

: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for clinical diseases associated with inflammation and tissue damage has become a progressive treatment strategy. MSCs have unique biological functions, such as homing, immune regulation, and differentiation capabilities, which provide the prerequisites for treatment of clinical diseases. Oral diseases are often associated with abnormal immune regulation and epithelial tissue damage. In this review, we summarize previous studies that use MSC therapy to treat various oral inflammatory diseases, including oral ulceration, allergic diseases, chemo/radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis, periodontitis, osteonecrosis of the jaw, Sjögren's syndrome (SS), among other similar diseases. We highlight MSC treatment as a promising approach in the management of oral inflammatory diseases, and discuss the obstacles that remain and must be overcome for MSC treatment to thrive in the future.

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma of the Sellar Region with a 5-Year Medical History: Case Report and Literature Review

Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽

10.1159/000515517 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Dekui Cheng ◽

Fengyu Yang ◽

Ziji Li ◽

Fan Qv ◽

Wei Liu

Keyword(s):

Medical History ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Benign Lesion ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Sellar Region ◽

Optic Chiasma ◽

Suprasellar Region ◽

Field Disturbance

Introduction: Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is a rare benign lesion, and there are few cases reported in children. Its histogenesis is controversial, and it is difficult to strictly differentiate it from craniopharyngioma (CP), Rathke’s cleft cyst, or pituitary adenoma. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old boy presented with a rare xanthogranuloma of the sellar region after complaining of retardation of growth 5 years previously. The ophthalmologic evaluation revealed no visual field disturbance. Endocrinological examination revealed hypopituitarism. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intrasellar mass extending into the suprasellar region and compressing the optic chiasma, which appeared mixed signals on T1-weighted images. Endonasal transsphenoidal resection of the tumor was performed. Histological analysis of the tumor sections demonstrated granulomatous tissue with cholesterol clefts, hemosiderin deposits, fibrous tissues, multinucleated giant cells, and lymphocyte. Thus, the tumor was pathologically diagnosed as xanthogranuloma of the sellar region, which is different from adamantinomatous CP. There was no epithelial tissue in any part of the tumor including tumor capsule but have focal necrosis and calcification. His endocrinological dysfunction did not recover, so a hormonal replacement was continuously required. Conclusion: Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region is a rare entity but must be considered in the differential diagnosis of lesions of the sellar region, even in pediatric population. We should think about this disease when dealing with children with stunted growth accompanied by a long medical history. Our case demonstrates the natural progression of the disease, suggesting that xanthogranuloma of the sellar region without epithelial components may be an independent disease.

Alteration of protein expression and spliceosome pathway activity during Barrett’s carcinogenesis

Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/s00535-021-01802-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christoph Stingl ◽

Angela Bureo Gonzalez ◽

Coşkun Güzel ◽

Kai Yi Nadine Phoa ◽

Michail Doukas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Micro Rna ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Label Free ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Damage Repair ◽

Inter Observer Variability ◽

Stromal Tissue ◽

The Face ◽

Abundance And Diversity

Abstract Background Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a known precursor lesion and the strongest risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a common and lethal type of cancer. Prediction of risk, the basis for efficient intervention, is commonly solely based on histologic examination. This approach is challenged by problems such as inter-observer variability in the face of the high heterogeneity of dysplastic tissue. Molecular markers might offer an additional way to understand the carcinogenesis and improve the diagnosis—and eventually treatment. In this study, we probed significant proteomic changes during dysplastic progression from BE into EAC. Methods During endoscopic mucosa resection, epithelial and stromal tissue samples were collected by laser capture microdissection from 10 patients with normal BE and 13 patients with high-grade dysplastic/EAC. Samples were analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. Expressed proteins were determined by label-free quantitation, and gene set enrichment was used to find differentially expressed pathways. The results were validated by immunohistochemistry for two selected key proteins (MSH6 and XPO5). Results Comparing dysplastic/EAC to non-dysplastic BE, we found in equal volumes of epithelial tissue an overall up-regulation in terms of protein abundance and diversity, and determined a set of 226 differentially expressed proteins. Significantly higher expressions of MSH6 and XPO5 were validated orthogonally and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that disease-related proteomic alterations can be determined by analyzing minute amounts of cell-type-specific collected tissue. Further analysis indicated that alterations of certain pathways associated with carcinogenesis, such as micro-RNA trafficking, DNA damage repair, and spliceosome activity, exist in dysplastic/EAC.

Effects of bone morphogenetic proteins on epithelial repair

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/15353702211028193 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153537022110281

Author(s):

Yu Hou ◽

Yu-Xi He ◽

Jia-Hao Zhang ◽

Shu-Rong Wang ◽

Yan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Growth Factors ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Epithelial Repair ◽

Multiple Functions ◽

Epithelial Damage ◽

Damage Repair ◽

And Migration ◽

Proliferation And Migration

Epithelial tissue has important functions such as protection, secretion, and sensation. Epithelial damage is involved in various pathological processes. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a class of growth factors with multiple functions. They play important roles in epithelial cells, including in differentiation, proliferation, and migration during the repair of the epithelium. This article reviews the functions and mechanisms of the most profoundly studied BMPs in the process of epithelial damage repair and their clinical significance.

The use of culture virus in the preparation of foot-and-mouth disease vaccine

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0022172400036834 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 546-558 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

W. M. Henderson ◽

Ian A. Galloway

Keyword(s):

Technical Assistance ◽

Foot And Mouth Disease ◽

Mouth Disease ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Culture Passage ◽

Virus Content ◽

Foot And Mouth ◽

High Virus ◽

Virus Strains ◽

Culture Virus

In three cattle vaccination experiments, with three strains of the virus of foot-and-mouth disease, it was shown that virus passaged in culture in cattle tongue epithelial tissue was as effective an antigen as virus passaged in cattle.With two virus strains, the virus content of the culture at the peak of infectivity was about the same as that of vesicle epithelium from the tongues of reacting cattle. Variable and less satisfactory results were obtained with the third strain, but one culture passage yielded tissue of sufficiently high virus content for the preparation of vaccine of adequate potency.No modification in the antigenic behaviour of the strains was detected as a result of passage in culture.It is a pleasure to acknowledge the technical assistance given by Mr W. J. Brownsea.

The development of a simplified epithelial tissue phantom for the evaluation of an autofluorescence mitigation algorithm

10.1117/12.2040167 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Vivian W. Hou ◽

Chenying Yang ◽

Leonard Y. Nelson ◽

Eric J. Seibel

Keyword(s):

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Tissue Phantom

Presence of an ecdysteroid-specific binding protein (“receptor”) in epithelial tissue culture cells of Chironomus tentans

Journal of Insect Physiology ◽

10.1016/0022-1910(88)90154-0 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 34 (8) ◽

pp. 797-803 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

A. Turberg ◽

M. Spindler-Barth ◽

B. Lutz ◽

M. Lezzi ◽

K.-D. Spindler

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Specific Binding ◽

Binding Protein ◽

Epithelial Tissue ◽

Chironomus Tentans ◽

Culture Cells ◽

Tissue Culture Cells ◽

Protein Receptor ◽

Specific Binding Protein